Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sniffing of heroin could be demonstrated in four acute deaths of drug addicts by radioimmunological analysis of the nasal mucosa. In addition, the influence of other drugs (benzodiazepines, barbiturates) or chronic diseases (hepatitis, cardiomyopathy), and acute alterations (pneumonia, myocarditis) were responsible for the fatal course. Different routes of application of drugs, especially heroin, are cited from literature and discussed.
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PMID:[Fatal sniffing of heroin (author's transl)]. 746 71

A 40-year-old woman presented with profound muscle weakness resulting in failure to wean from a ventilator and persistent lactic acidosis after having recovered from a pneumonia complicated by adult respiratory distress syndrome, myocardial infarction, renal failure and shock. She had a 28 year history of chronic anemia and exercise intolerance. Anemia and thrombocytopenia persisted after admission. Nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was present. A stroke-like episode occurred. A mitochondrial myopathy with deficiencies in complexes IV and II was demonstrated, but no DNA defect has yet been found. This patient represents a distinct clinical presentation of a mitochondrial disorder characterized by late onset mitochondrial myopathy, chronic anemia, cardiomyopathy, and lactic acidosis.
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PMID:Mitochondrial myopathy with anemia, cardiomyopathy, and lactic acidosis: a distinct late onset mitochondrial disorder. 809 86

The dramatic presentation of pheochromocytoma in crisis is uncommon and is classically associated with a state of hemodynamic and sympathetic hyperactivity. The case of a 35-year-old man with an occult pheochromocytoma presenting with hypotension and cardiogenic shock shortly after beginning imipramine therapy is presented. Retrospectively, there was a history of emergency department, inpatient, and outpatient evaluation of symptoms likely to be related to an occult pheochromocytoma. He presented with hypotension refractory to fluids and inotropes and in severe respiratory distress. The early differential diagnosis was extensive including acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia with sepsis, and toxic ingestion. Shortly after admission the patient's occult pheochromocytoma was discovered and subsequently specific therapy was initiated. The patient's symptoms resolved after surgical resection of the tumor, and he was ultimately discharged without signs of congestive heart failure. The clinical pathophysiology of cardiomyopathy secondary to pheochromocytoma, and possible mechanisms of pharmacological interactions with tricyclic antidepressants are discussed.
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PMID:Imipramine-provoked paradoxical pheochromocytoma crisis: a case of cardiogenic shock. 816 95

HIV infection in infants is transmitted through the placenta. Antibodies reduce and annul in nearly 18 months: HIV + subjects older than 18 months are considered as infected and divided into two classes--i.e., P1: infected and P2: AIDS. The most interesting clinical and diagnostic imaging findings are reported relative to 209 babies who were born HIV + and followed-up with clinical and laboratory tests plus chest films, brain and abdomen US to assess the presence of changes and their evolution features. The following conclusions have been drawn: 1) in their early life, HIV + subjects are especially liable to the action of bacteria, viruses and protozoa: their respiratory system is easily affected with acute, recurring and/or chronic inflammations which are frequently associated with heart enlargement from dilatative cardiomyopathy. Bacterial inflammations are characterized by single or multiple opacities, with blurred and irregular patterns, which are frequently confluent in areas of inhomogeneous opacity. The diagnosis of virus and protozoa infections is more difficult because of their radiologic patterns--i.e., linear fan-like opacities, small shadow areas, enlarged hila. In some cases radiology demonstrates only or mostly lung hyperexpansion, with no opaque images, which however does not exclude the presence of severe and diffuse bronchioloalveolar and interstitial compromission with high-grade pulmonary insufficiency. The common association of cytomegalovirus and Pneumocystis carinii infections with slow-evolution changes and frequent recurrences appears on radiologic images as diffuse and blurred shadows and irregular cotton-like opacities. 2) Brain and abdomen US scans in the newborn show no particular changes, while in the following months both US and CT demonstrate hydrocephalic, atrophic and hemorrhagic changes. 3) In both early and late infancy, lung infections are mostly caused by pneumocystis and cytomegalovirus. Chronic interstitial lymphocyte pneumonia is a peculiar finding with punctiform images in the bases of lung and spreading craniocaudally with similar features to miliary tuberculosis. Different than in the adult, in our series of 209 infants no tubercular abnormalities were observed: in one patient only an active primary complex was demonstrated with broncholavage. Candida infections were observed in 3 patients in their late infancy. Hepatopancreatic and lymph node changes suggesting probably evolving inflammation were uncommon in our series; this condition must be followed-up and checked over time.
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PMID:[AIDS in childhood]. 820 27

Lidocaine-induced seizures have been reported after topical administration. A 30-year-old, 48-kg women with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, chronic end-stage renal failure, anemia, congestive heart failure (CHF), cardiomyopathy, and increased liver function tests was admitted to the hospital with fever, chills, and dry cough. Bronchoscopy was performed to rule out Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis; the patient experienced seizure activity after administration of a total dose of topical lidocaine 300 mg. Plasma drug concentration measured shortly after seizure, and at 4 and 22 hours after seizure were 12.0, 7.6, and 1.4 mg/L, respectively. A direct correlation exists between clinical symptoms and blood level of lidocaine; as the level increases to 8-12 mg/L the probability of seizure increases. The extent of absorption and bioavailability after airway administration depends on tissue vascularity, sites and techniques of application, patient's disease state, and, most important, the dose/unit body weight. The lidocaine dose should be titrated slowly and patients monitored for altered mental status. The dose often has to be decreased empirically in patients with liver disease or CHF. Efforts should be made to deliver minimum amounts of the drug to the lower respiratory tract, since its pharmacokinetics at that site are similar to those with intravenous administration.
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PMID:Seizure after lidocaine for bronchoscopy: case report and review of the use of lidocaine in airway anesthesia. 843 71

In a male infant who had cardiomyopathy, generalized muscle weakness and increased serum creatine kinase levels, his muscle biopsy revealed myopathic changes with tiny intracytoplasmic vacuoles containing PAS-positive material and high acid phosphatase activity, but had normal acid maltase activity biochemically. These findings were consistent with those seen in lysosomal glycogen storage disease with normal acid maltase (Danon disease). Sarcolemmal indentations commonly seen in this disease were missing, but a complement membrane attack complex, C5b-9 was positive along the surface membrane of the muscle fibers as seen in X-linked vacuolar myopathy. The patient was on a respirator and died at 27 months of age from pneumonia and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Lysosomal glycogen storage disease with normal acid maltase may be manifested at birth with marked skeletal and cardiac involvement leading to death in early infancy.
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PMID:Lysosomal glycogen storage disease with normal acid maltase with early fatal outcome. 984 2

We describe a 58-year old patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with severe joint involvement. Dilated myocardiopathy precluded the use of high corticoid doses and a 15 days of prednisone (15mg/d) had no effect on the polyarthritis. Therefore, fludarabine (25mg/m2) was administered for 5 d. One month after the first cycle, fever, muscle stiffness and polyarthritis resolved. A total of 6 cycles were administered. The evolution was complicated by herpes zoster infection and left pneumococcal pneumonia. At this time of writing (July 1999), the patient is symptom free but is profoundly lymphopenic.
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PMID:Successful treatment of lupus with fludarabine. 1060 51

Signs of ascites were observed in only nine of 1863 cattle examined over a period of five years. The ascites was most commonly associated with either primary or secondary cardiac disease; cattle with ascites have a poor prognosis because the condition is usually assocaited with terminal disease. Two animals had cor pulmonale with chronic pneumonia, three had cardiomyopathy, one had bacterial endocarditis, two had thrombosis of the caudal vena cava and one had diffuse abdominal epithelioid mesothelioma.
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PMID:Observations on ascites in nine cattle. 1131 93

The trial was carried out in a large Hungarian 2000 sow "farrow-to-finish" production unit. Out of a total number of 15,841 evaluated growing/finishing pigs, 1319 pigs died or were emergency-culled and were post-mortem routinely examined. For the purpose of this study the emergency-culling and mortality were recorded into the same category. The average annual emergency-culling/mortality rate was unusual high (8.62%). Five body condition related categories were registered. The majority of the mortality comprised animals of body condition "below average", representing 891 pigs (67.56%) and "average" (407 pigs = 30.85%). The rest of the examined animals comprised 17 pigs (1.29%) "emitted", 2 pigs "kachexia" (stunted pig) or "fat" (0.15% each). The overall study showed that gastrointestinal tract disorders (395 animals = 29.95%) were the most frequently recorded cause of emergency-culling or mortality. Both inflammatory disorders (7.66%) and rectal stricture (7.51%) were in this category the most frequent diagnosis followed by rectal prolapse (5.92%). Gastric ulcers comprised 4.55% of the necropsied animals. Torsion of abdominal organs and miscellaneous cases represented slightly more than 2% of the post-mortem examined pigs. Lesions which involved the respiratory system, comprised 14.85% of the necropsied pigs. Bronchopneumonia due to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae occurred in 5.61%, embolic suppurative or necrotic pneumonia in 4.78% and pleuropneumonia due to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in 3.1% of the cases. Diseases involving the urinary system were diagnosed in 21 cases (1.59%). Five cases of skin disorders were registered (0.38%). Cardiovascular disorders were represented by congestive heart failure (31 pigs = 2.35%), pericarditis (22 animals = 1.66%) or endocarditis (21 pigs = 1.60%). Cardiomyopathy was found in 15 (1.2%) animals. Lesions involved the locomotor system ranked second of all cases (15.92%). Claw lesions accounted 13.72%, arthritis 2.13% of the animals and luxation or fracture was diagnosed only in one case (0.07%). Systemic infections were reported in 96 cases (7.28%) including polyserositis (4.09%), erysipelas, edema disease or miscellaneous causes (each category slightly more than 1%). Genetic problems were involved in 8.19% of the fatal cases and social stress or cannibalism related culling or mortality comprised 37 animals (2.81%). In 161 cases (12.20%) of the mortality the causes of death were not established. Two or more lesions related to culling or mortality were found in 320 pigs (24.26%, p < 0.001). The most common diagnosed pathologic changes in association with other lesions were Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae caused bronchopneumonia (4.09%), embolic suppurative or necrotic pneumonia (4.55%), followed by inflammatory gastrointestinal problems (3.10%), gastric ulcer (2.35%), claw lesions (2.19%) and arthritis (1.14%). It appears from the presented study that a routine post-mortem examination of all emergency-culled or dead pigs over a long period of time gives a clear picture of causes of mortality enabling the management to plan management strategies as vaccination programs, genetic improvements and optimising environmental conditions.
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PMID:Emergency-culling and mortality in growing/fattening pigs in a large Hungarian "farrow-to-finish" production unit. 1183 93

Illicit drug use constitutes a major health problem and may be associated with various thoracic complications. These complications vary depending on the specific drug used and the route of administration. Commonly abused drugs that may play a role in causing thoracic disease include cocaine, opiates, and methamphetamine derivatives. Intravenously abused oral medications may contain filler agents that may be responsible for disease. Thoracic complications may be categorized as pulmonary, pleural, mediastinal, cardiovascular, and chest wall complications. Pulmonary complications of drug abuse include pneumonia, cardiogenic edema, acute lung injury, pulmonary hemorrhage, and aspiration pneumonia. Filler agents such as talc may result in panacinar emphysema or high-attenuation upper-lobe conglomerate masses. The primary pleural complication of illicit drug use is pneumothorax. Mediastinal and cardiovascular complications of illicit drug use include pneumomediastinum, cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, and injection-related pseudoaneurysms. Chest wall complications include diskitis and vertebral osteomyelitis, epidural abscess, necrotizing fasciitis, costochondritis, and septic arthritis. Categorization of thoracic complications of illicit drug use may facilitate understanding of these disorders and allow accurate diagnosis.
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PMID:Thoracic complications of illicit drug use: an organ system approach. 1237 6


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