Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We determined the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in 30 consecutive hospitalized infants less than six months of age with pneumonitis and in 28 matched controls (nine of 30 vs. one of 28. P less than 0.05). In comparing 16 cases of pneumonitis due to C. trachomatis with 27 not due to that agent, we found several distinguishing clinical and laboratory features: C. trachomatis was highly correlated with radiographic hyperinflation, prolonged cough and congestion, greater than or equal to 400 eosinophils per cubic millimeter and serum lgG greater than or equal to 500 and lgM greater than or equal to 110 mg per deciliter. C. trachomatis was responsible for 13 of 21 cases seen at three to 11 weeks vs. three of 22 seen at other ages. Antibody to C. trachomatis in tears (13 of 14 vs. two of 27), nasopharynx (12 of 14 vs. one of 27) and blood (16 of 16 vs. two of 23) was specific for C. trachomatis pneumonitis. C. trachomatis is prevalent among hospitalized infants with pneumonitis. Conjunctival infection precedes C. trachomatis pneumonitis more commonly than has previously been thought.
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PMID:Chlamydia trachomatis infant pneumonitis: comparison with matched controls and other infant pneumonitis. 62 97

Forty-nine of 255 (19.2%) Argentinean children between the ages of 1 and 18 months without evidence of viral or bacterial infections, but with clinical and radiologic evidence of acute lower respiratory distress, had serologic evidence of recent Chlamydia trachomatis infection by the demonstration of specific IgM, seroconversion or 4-fold rise in titer or elevated titers by enzyme immunoassay and the microimmunofluorescence test. Recent C. trachomatis infection was detected in 28 of 166 (16.9%) of children with bronchiolitis and 18 of 89 (20.2%) with pneumonia. Three additional children with bronchiolitis had Chlamydia pneumoniae-specific antibody. There was a significantly higher prevalence of C. trachomatis infection in children living in La Plata city orphanage (26 of 74, 35.1%) than in those attending 2 pediatric hospitals in Buenos Aires (23 of 181, 12.7%) (P less than 0.001). C. trachomatis infection was detected in all age groups up to 18 months. Thirty of 49 infections were in children older than 3 months of age and 16 were in children older than 6 months. These results suggest that C. trachomatis infection may be associated with bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children between the ages of 1 and 18 months of age in Argentina and that a proportion may be horizontally transmitted.
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PMID:Chlamydial antibodies in children with lower respiratory disease. 174 Dec 1

Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted disease of epidemic proportions, infecting an estimated 4 million people a year. It results not only in infertility and ectopic pregnancy but also in infant morbidity and mortality. Ectopic pregnancy is responsible for 11 percent of maternal deaths. About 60 percent of infected women can transmit the bacteria at birth to their infants. Early detection and treatment of chlamydia in both men and women, especially prenatal women, is critical. Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the cervix was found in 8.1 percent of a group of 1,004 pregnant women at a hospital prenatal clinic by means of a direct fluorescent antibody test. The prevalence of C. trachomatis was only 0.7 percent in 277 pregnant women receiving prenatal care from private practitioners. All patients between 27 and 30 weeks gestation who tested positive were treated with oral erythromycin. Their partners were treated with tetracycline. The outcome of pregnancy in patients treated for chlamydial infection was compared with a control group of noninfected mothers from the same population. The frequency of premature rupture of the membranes, prematurity, and low Apgar scores among the treated women were not significantly different from those in the control group. There was a significant difference, however, between the two groups in the incidence of low mean birth weight infants and the presence of meconium. Children can acquire a chlamydial infection at birth from contact with infected cervico-vaginal secretions. If not detected and treated, these infected infants may develop conjunctivitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. It is suggested, therefore, that all patients at prenatal clinics be screened for chlamydial cervicitis. Those testing positive and their partners should be treated.
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PMID:Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnant patients. 191 Jan 82

We report a case of a fetal death at 34 weeks' gestation with intact membranes. An autopsy confirmed intrauterine pneumonia as a result of Chlamydia trachomatis. Staining of the lung tissue with a direct fluorescein-conjugated Chlamydia-specific monoclonal antibody assay revealed a pattern typical of a Chlamydia trachomatis infection. This case supports the thesis that Chlamydia crosses fetal membranes and produces disease.
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PMID:Fetal death from chlamydial infection across intact amniotic membranes. 258 46

In recent years considerable progress has been made in understanding chlamydial infections. The spectrum of pediatric Chlamydia trachomatis infection includes neonatal inclusion conjunctivitis, infantile pneumonia, occasional respiratory or genital tract infections in older children and sexually transmitted diseases in adolescents. The role of maternal chlamydial infection in prematurity and in perinatal death is currently an area of active study. We outline the current knowledge of the biologic characteristics of C. trachomatis, the epidemiologic features of chlamydial infection, and the clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment of neonatal chlamydial infections.
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PMID:Chlamydia trachomatis infections in infants. 264 87

A dry syrup preparation for infants and children of a newly developed 16-membered macrolide antibiotic, rokitamycin, was administered to 5 neonates and low birth weight infants of 6 to 25 days after births at a dose level of 10 mg/kg on an empty stomach then plasma drug levels were determined. The dry syrup preparation was also given to a total of 19 Chlamydia trachomatis infection cases of 7 days to 8 months old neonates, low birth weight infants and infants including 12 cases of pneumonia, 2 cases of conjunctivitis and 5 non-symptomatic carriers at an average daily dose level of 48.1 mg/kg in 2 to 4 doses for an average of 19 days and its clinical effects, bacteriological effectiveness, side effects and effects on laboratory test values were examined. The obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. Because the test subjects were neonates and premature infants, obtainable amounts of blood samples were limited, thus it was not possible to determine time courses of plasma drug levels to reach their peaks. Peak plasma levels, however, were speculated to be similar to those in children. Plasma half-lives of the drug were also not determinable, but they seemed to be somewhat longer than those in children. 2. Clinical efficacies were determinable in the 2 cases of conjunctivitis and 10 of the 12 cases of pneumonia, with excellent or good results in both cases of the former and with excellent or good results in 9 of the 10 determinable cases of the latter. Thus, the overall efficacy rate was high, 91.7%. 3. Bacteriological efficacies were determinable in 18 cases including non-symptomatic carriers. C. trachomatis was eradicated in 16 of the cases with an overall efficacy rate of 88.9%. 4. Diarrhea was observed in 2 cases, which were suspected as side effects of the drug. 5. No abnormalities were observed in the laboratory test results. Judging from the above results, this drug appears to be useful for the treatment of C. trachomatis infections of neonates, low birth weight infants and infants.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of rokitamycin dry syrup on Chlamydia trachomatis infections in the neonate and infant]. 320 56

During the one year period from February 1986 to January 1987, 839 pregnant women were screened for Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the uterine cervical canal by the enzyme immunoassay (EIA, Chlamydiazyme) method. Out of 768 normal pregnant women positive results were obtained in 21 women for a positive rate of 2.7%. In none of 64 women with spontaneous abortion or 7 women with stillbirth were positive results obtained. In 20 of EIA positive women labor was controlled. Extraordinary maternal abnormalities were not seen through labor and puerperium. Out of 21 babies born to these 20 pregnant women, chlamydial pneumonitis developed in 2 babies (10%) and chlamydial conjunctivitis in 1 baby (5%) and these babies were treated. Urethral samples were taken from 16 husbands of EIA positive women, and they were all EIA negative. As to the correlation between EIA and the culture method using HeLa 229 cells, the consistency rate was 78% (n = 18) for positive results and 100% (n = 66) for negative results. Chlamydial IgG antibodies were assayed in 19 out of 21 cases, and all of them yielded positive results. From these results, the importance of screening for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in our country was affirmed.
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PMID:[Detection of perinatal Chlamydia trachomatis infection by an enzyme immunoassay method]. 328 Jul 10

Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in developed countries today. It produces a number of oculogenital syndromes in adults as well as conjunctivitis and pneumonitis in infants. However, the most important sequelae are infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain in women. Available diagnostic tests including culture are less than 100% sensitive but may be of considerable value in detecting asymptomatically infected individuals. Antichlamydial therapy is usually effective and should be given empirically to individuals whose presentation places them at high risk for infection.
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PMID:Chlamydial infections. 328 82

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligatory intracellular parasite. The initial genital tract infection in women is most commonly of the columnar cells of the cervix, from which it may spread to other pelvic organs. The parasite may also be carried asymptomatically. Complications of infection are varied. Among women aged younger than 20 years, Chlamydia trachomatis has been shown to cause 63% of acute pelvic inflammatory disease, with an incidence of 30% in all age groups. Among males, Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the cause of 50% of cases of nonspecific urethritis. Such infection may be associated with epididymitis and/or prostatitis, and may subsequently lead to infertility. Neonates exposed to maternal Chlamydia trachomatis infection may develop conjunctivitis or pneumonia. Chlamydia trachomatis infection is probably the most common venereal disease in the world. 2034 patients attending a family planning clinic in Christchurch between May 1984 and July 1985 were tested for the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the cervix with the goal of defining the high risk groups in which screening may be indicated. 357 of the women had Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the cervix. They were of mean age 21.6 years, and had had an average of eight sex partners since first intercourse. Women who were not infected with Chlamydia were of mean age 23 years and had had an average of six sex partners since first intercourse. Risk factors for acquiring infection with Chlamydia trachomatis were having more than five lifetime partners, being age 20 years or younger, and being pregnant, regardless of the age or number of partners. These findings confirm the need to screen all sexually active women aged 20 years and younger for infection with Chlamydia trachomatis.
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PMID:Risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the cervix: a prospective study of 2000 patients at a family planning clinic. 345 64

Serological results provided evidence for the clinical diagnosis of chlamydial pneumonia in 8 out of 51 cases. Elevated chlamydia-specific IgM titres (128-2048) and IgG titres (128-2048) were recorded in 5 and 8 infants, respectively. High titres of chlamydial antibodies (512-8192) in the sera of mothers of seropositive children proved genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection.
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PMID:Serological studies in Chlamydia trachomatis associated pneumonia of infants. 352 95


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