Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study examined the differences in mortality rate among the three ethnic groups aged 35 to 69: 1) Japanese living in Kawasaki city, 2) Koreans living in Kawasaki city, 3) Koreans living in Korea. Three different measures were used for analysis: 1) mortality rate by sex and age, 2) Mantel-Haenszel Rate Ratio (MHRR), 3) Standardized Proportional Mortality Ratio (SPMR). Major findings were as follows: 1) In terms of mortality rate by sex and age, Koreans in both Kawasaki and Korea showed higher mortality rates than Japanese in Kawasaki for both sexes and for all of the age categories. Koreans living in Kawasaki and Koreans living in Korea showed nearly identical levels of mortality rate for both sexes and for all of the age categories. 2) Calculation of MHRR utilizing a mortality rate for Japanese living in Kawasaki as 1 yielded the following: For all causes of death, MHRR of Korean males living in Kawasaki aged 35 to 59 was 2.59, and 2.37 for ages 60 to 69. For females MHRR for those age groups were 1.91 and 2.06 respectively. All of these MHRRs were statistically significantly high (p less than 0.05). 3) Among the causes for the high MHRR for Korean males living in Kawasaki aged 35 to 59 compared in Japanese living in Kawasaki were the following: all Malignant neoplasms (ICD 9, 140-208), Malignant neoplasm of liver (155), Hypertensive disease (401-405), Ischemic heart disease (410-414), Pneumonia (480-486), Liver Cirrhosis (571). For males aged 60 to 69, causes were Tuberculosis (010-018), all Malignant neoplasms, Malignant neoplasm of liver, Ischemic heart disease, Disease of the pulmonary circulation and other forms of heart disease (415-429), Cerebrovascular disease (430-438), and Liver Cirrhosis. In the case of females, Tuberculosis, Disease of the pulmonary circulation and other forms of heart disease, Malignant neoplasm of trachea, bronchus and lung were causes for high MHRR for Koreans in Kawasaki aged 35 to 59. All Malignant neoplasms, Malignant neoplasm of liver, Malignant neoplasm of trachea, bronchus and lung, Accidental causes of death except motor vehicle accidents (E800-807, E826-848, E850-949) were causes for females aged 60 to 69. 4) The mortality rates for ages 35 to 69 for both sexes are similar for both Koreans living in Kawasaki and in Korea.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[A mortality study of middle-aged and elderly Koreans in Kawasaki City in comparison with Koreans in Korea and Japanese in Kawasaki City]. 213 81

Death certificates filed between 1960 and 1979 in Osaka, Japan were analyzed to study causes of death in diabetic patients. It was observed that diseases of the circulatory system increased continuously from 15.2% in 1960-1964 to 27.2% in 1975-1979. Cerebrovascular disease and disease of heart were the leading causes of death throughout the study period. The rate of increase was much faster for disease of heart than for cerebrovascular disease, and there was only a small difference between them as cause of death in diabetic patients at the end of the observation period. Malignant neoplasms, cirrhosis of the liver, and pneumonia and bronchitis increased, whereas tuberculosis decreased sharply according to age-adjusted mortality rate during the 20-year period. Analysis based on O/E ratios suggested higher risk of dying from ischemic heart disease, tuberculosis and cirrhosis of the liver in Japanese diabetics than in the general population in this country.
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PMID:Causes of death in Japanese diabetics. A 20-year study of death certificates. 401 2

One hundred autopsy reports of persons who died in Iceland aged 90 years or over were studied and the causes of death were recorded. Another 100 autopsy reports of persons aged 70 years and under were used as controls. The disease pattern of those aged 70 or under did not differ much from that appearing in the Icelandic National Mortality Statistics, all ages included. However, in those aged 90 and over, the number of important diseases was higher and pneumonia, in particular, occurred more frequently both as an intervening and as an underlying cause of death. In the older age group, dementia was 3.4 times more common in males and 4.7 times more common in females. Malignant neoplasms were less frequent as causes of death in the older age group. In the older age group there was a much lower frequency of myocardial infarction compared with the controls, although the degree of arteriosclerosis did not differ in these two groups.
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PMID:Comparative disease patterns in the elderly and the very old: a retrospective autopsy study. 640 9

As reported previously, we have conducted studies on causes of death among diabetic patients during the 25-year period, from 1960 to 1984, in Osaka District, Japan. We have now added the most recent 5-year data, for 1985-1989, and analyzed changes in causes of death during the entire 30-year period as a whole. The subjects studied were those for whom a total of 32,222 death certificates had been filed in Osaka Prefecture, from 1960 to 1989, with diabetes mentioned either as the underlying cause or as a contributory condition. The relative number of death certificates mentioning diabetes as the underlying cause, which had been decreasing during the 25-year study period, showed a further decrease, reaching the lowest value, 33.4%, for the period 1985-1989. The mean age at death exceeded 70 years for all causes of death, showing a continuous increasing trend. An increase in disease of the heart and a decrease in cerebrovascular disease were observed, making the difference between the two causes greater since 1980-1984. Malignant neoplasms, ischemic heart disease, and pneumonia and bronchitis also showed steady increases. The O/E ratios (ratio of observed/expected number of deaths) for cirrhosis of the liver and tuberculosis were markedly increased, while that for malignant neoplasms was only about 0.5, suggesting extreme underestimation of the number of diabetic cases with cancer. Among malignant neoplasms, an increasing trend in liver cancer was remarkable and was associated with a relatively high O/E ratio.
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PMID:Changes in causes of death in diabetic patients based on death certificates during a 30-year period in Osaka District, Japan, with special reference to cancer mortality. 795 7

A total of 42 Japanese centenarians (9 males & 33 females) autopsied in Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital during 22 years (1975-1996) were clinico-pathologically examined to determine details of the main cause of death. The main cause of death of the 42 cases were sepsis (16 cases), pneumonia (14 cases), suffocation (4 cases), heart failure (4 cases), cerebrovascular disorder (2 cases) and malnutrition (2 cases). Most pneumonias were caused aspiration of foreign bodies, and the origins of sepsis were pyelonephritis (7 cases), biliary tract infection (3 cases), necrotic lesions of the intestine due to ileus, ischemia and pseudomembranous colitis (3 cases) and indwelling vein catheter (3 cases). Malignant neoplasms were observed in 16 cases (38%), and 5 of them had 2 or 3 lesions. Thus, the total number of lesions of malignant neoplasms were 22, as follows; colonic cancer (36%), urinary bladder cancer (14%), lung adenocarcinoma (9%), gastric cancer (9%), malignant lymphoma (9%) and others. However, none of these malignant neoplasms were directly related with the cause of death. All 42 centenarians died not of simple "senile decay", but due to diseases.
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PMID:[Pathologic evaluation of the main cause of death in Japanese centenarians]. 1036 29