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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We investigated the feasibility of using hospital discharge diagnoses of ICD codes 506, 507, and 508, respiratory diseases from external sources, to identify occupational sentinel health events [SHE(O)]. Two hundred sixty-nine records were reviewed and 66 (25%) were incidents where the work-relatedness of the respiratory diseases was documented in the medical records. Twenty-six percent of the 269 records contained no exposure information. Sixty-four of the 66 occupational cases were from ICD codes 506.0-506.9, with the largest number classified as ICD codes 506.0 (bronchitis and pneumonitis due to fumes and vapors) and 506.3 (other acute and subacute respiratory conditions due to fumes and vapors). We conclude that surveillance of ICD codes in the 506 series, where 39% of the cases were secondary to occupational exposures, is a valuable component of a surveillance system for preventable occupational lung disease.
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PMID:Acute occupational respiratory diseases in hospital discharge data. 205 78

Occupational lung disease comprises a wide variety of disorders caused by the inhalation or ingestion of dust particles or noxious chemicals. These disorders include pneumoconiosis, asbestos-related pleural and parenchymal disease, chemical pneumonitis, occupational infection, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and organic dust toxic syndrome. Most of these disorders produce diffuse lung disease. Although many of the disorders can be detected at chest radiography, high-resolution computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be superior to chest radiography in depicting parenchymal, airway, and pleural abnormalities. Some occupational lung diseases have characteristic radiologic features suggesting the correct diagnosis, whereas in others, a combination of clinical features, related occupational history, radiologic findings, and literature supporting an association between the exposure and the disease process is required for diagnosis. With advances in chest radiology, including high-resolution CT, radiologists play a key role in the clinical evaluation of occupational lung diseases and should continue their involvement in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.
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PMID:Imaging of occupational lung disease. 1170 11

Endothelin (ET) is a broncho- and vasoconstrictive cytokine, but it also possesses proinflammatory and mitogenic activity. It is suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of fibrotic lung diseases. We analyzed the concentration of ET 1 in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in 95 patients with different lung diseases, among them 41 patients with interstitial lung diseases (13 fibrosing alveolitis in systemic sclerosis (FASS), 9 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IFP), 8 sarcoidosis (S), 6 occupational lung disease (OLD), 5 other alveolitidies A), 27 patients with pneumonia, and 8 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A heterogeneous group of 19 patients served as controls. The median ET concentration was 3.3 pg/ml. Significantly higher concentration was found in patients with FASS (5.8 pg/ml), IPF (5.0 pg/ml), and S (5.1 pg/ml) compared with OLD (2.8 pg/ml), A (1.9 pg/ml), COPD (1.5 pg/ml), and the control group (2.5 pg/ml). In pneumonia, the elevated ET concentration (4.1 pg/ml) was accompanied by a high alveolocapillary leakage. When normalized to BAL albumin concentration, only FASS presented with significantly elevated ET/albumin in the BAL compared with the control group (134.5 vs. 56.l pg/mg, p < 0.05). There were no correlations between ET and BAL differential cell count or pulmonary function tests. In current smokers, ET in BALF was significantly higher compared with non- or ex-smokers (3.9 vs. 2.0 pg/ml, p < 0.01), but not so the ET/albumin ratio (65.0 vs. 62.5 pg/mg). In summary, ET in the BAL is differentially expressed in distinct inflammatory and interstitial lung disease. Consistently high concentrations are found in FASS and elevated ET concentration could be discussed in IPF, sarcoidosis, and pneumonia. ET concentration in BAL is influenced by current smoking habits.
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PMID:Different expression of endothelin in the bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with pulmonary diseases. 1189 6

Heart disease in men is declining steadily, but it remains the number one killer of men in the United States. CLRD, influenza/pneumonia, and lung cancer are three more causes of top 10 mortalities in men. Epidemiological and clinical studies conclude that CVD is largely preventable through lifestyle modification. CHD, COPD, occupational lung disease, and lung cancer are all preventable by primary prevention (ie, no cigarette smoking). All men should be counseled about the grave significance of heart and lung disease as a cause of illness and death, the importance of primary prevention, and the great variability in symptom presentation. Nurses are in the ideal position to educate patients, families, and colleagues about heart and lung disease.
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PMID:Men's cardiovascular and pulmonary health. 1515 80

Inhalation of metal dusts and fumes can induce a wide range of respiratory disorders, including granulomatosis, chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary interstitial disease. Laryngeal cancer is the most common cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract. We present a patient with occupational lung disease whose chest CT showed miliary nodular pattern, with concurrent laryngeal cancer who had been engaged in type printing for 22 years. Histology of the laryngeal lession showed squamous cell laryngeal cancer. Histology of the nodules showed a foreign body granulomatous response with several foreign body cells, most probably due to exposure to numerous inorganic (lanthanides, elements such us La, Ce, Nd, Sm, EU, Tb, Lu) and organic particles (such us acrylates, epoxy- and urethane-acrylates).
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PMID:Miliary pattern due to occupational lung disease in a patient with laryngeal cancer. 2018 88

Silicosis is a major occupational lung disease with a relatively fatal and irreversible outcome. Early diagnosis for shifting the potential candidates to safe modes of workplace as well as for prevention of further progression is the cornerstone of management. Here, we present a complicated case of silicosis in the form of progressive massive fibrosis, which was initially interpreted as tuberculosis; radiological images had resemblance with tuberculosis and cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. Radiology-guided trucut biopsy was imperative to confirm the diagnosis.
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PMID:Silicosis in the form of progressive massive fibrosis: A diagnostic challenge. 2819 86