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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plastic bronchitis is an uncommon disease of children characterized by the formation of long, branching bronchial casts. Of three children with such bronchial casts, one developed status asthmaticus and coughed out a complete cast of the tracheobronchial tree. One other child also had a course of desensitization for allergies. Two children presented with what was originally thought to be pneumonitis, but when chest x-rays were taken, one child was suspected of having an inhaled foreign body, and the other had complete opacification of one lung. When these two children were examined bronchoscopically the tracheobronchial tree was found to be filled with white, cheesy material. This material was extremely hard to remove bronchoscopically as the material was too soft to grab with forceps but too thick to suction. The material extended all the way down into the tertiary bronchi, and in one child multiple bronchoscopies were necessary to remove this material, and even so he developed bronchiectasis. The pathologic examination of these casts showed layers of inspissated mucus and inflammatory cells.
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PMID:Plastic bronchitis. 378 38

Plastic bronchitis is a rare disorder characterized by the formation and, sometimes dramatic expectoration of long, branching bronchial casts. DIsorders associated with bronchial casts either produce an increase in the volume or viscosity of secretions, such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, asthma, cystic fibrosis, pneumonia, and chronic bronchitis; or there are obstructions or structural abnormalities that decrease mucous clearance, such as bronchiectasis. The diagnostic evaluation should include serum laboratory studies, specimen cultures, skin tests, chest radiograph and CT scan, pulmonary function tests, and bronchoscopy. Therapy should be directed towards the underlying disorder and should also include maneuvers to facilitate removal of casts to prevent complications, such as secondary pneumonia.
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PMID:Cough productive of casts. 863 74

Plastic bronchitis is a rare disorder characterized by the formation of bronchial cast. The etiology is obscure, though usually associated with conditions like asthma, aspergillosis, pneumonia, cystic fibrosis and cardiac problems.
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PMID:Acute plastic bronchitis. 1562 9

Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a pathologic condition in which airway casts develop in the tracheobronchial tree causing airway obstruction. There is no standard treatment strategy for this uncommon condition. We report an index patient treated using an emerging multimodal strategy of directly instilled and inhaled tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) as well as 13 other cases of PB at our institution between 2000 and 2012. The majority of cases (n = 8) occurred in patients with congenital heart disease. Clinical presentations, treatments used, histopathology of the casts, and patient outcomes are reviewed. Further discussion is focused on the epidemiology of plastic bronchitis and a systematic approach to the histologic classification of casts. Comorbid conditions identified in this study included congenital heart disease (8), pneumonia (3), and asthma (2). Our institutional prevalence rate was 6.8 per 100,000 patients, and our case fatality rate was 7%.
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PMID:Pediatric plastic bronchitis: case report and retrospective comparative analysis of epidemiology and pathology. 2366 35

Plastic bronchitis (PB), although a rare cause of airway obstruction, has mortality rates up to 50% in children after Fontan-type cardiac surgery. We present the case of an 18-month-old female patient with PB following pneumonia. At 6 months of age, the patient underwent the Glenn procedure due to functionally univentricular heart. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed complete blockage of the left bronchus by mucoid casts. Pharmacotherapy consisted of glucocorticosteroids, azithromycin, and enalapril maleate. The child also received nebulized 3% NaCl solution, which proved to be beneficial. In children submitted to Fontan-type procedures, physicians must be alert for PB, which can be triggered by respiratory tract infection.
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PMID:Add-on treatment with nebulized hypertonic saline in a child with plastic bronchitis after the Glenn procedure. 2462 75

Plastic bronchitis, causing airway obstruction, is a rare condition, especially in adults. In this paper, an adult male patient with heart failure, viral hepatitis, and a history of previous pneumonia, and expectorating white, plaque-like secretions for the last 6 months is presented along with the review of the relevant literature. The material expectorated by the patient was evaluated; macroscopically, this material was observed to be identical to the shape of bronchial branching. Steroid treatment was commenced after the diagnosis was established, resulting in the nearly total disappearance of the expectorated material.
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PMID:A case of plastic bronchitis. 2506 85