Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum marker KL-6 antigen has been reported to be a valuable indicator of the disease activity of interstitial pneumonia. It is not clear how sensitive the serum KL-6 antigen level is in reflecting histologic changes in lung tissues. We report here the results of serial measurements of serum KL-6 antigen in a 76-year-old male patient with radiation pneumonia. Serum KL-6 antigen levels were more sensitive than lactate dehydrogenase and procollagen type III N-terminal peptide. The level of serum KL-6 antigen appears to reflect the histologic changes of the lung more sensitively than does C-reactive protein.
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PMID:Monitoring of serum KL-6 antigen in a patient with radiation pneumonia. 154 Nov 62

Twenty-one patients (median age = 34, range = 10-49; F:M = 7:14) received a preparative regimen consisting of busulfan 4 mg/kg/day x 4, cytosine arabinoside 2 g/m2/12 h x 4 and cyclophosphamide 60 mg/kg/day x 2 ('BAC' regimen) for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Out of 12 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), two were in first remission, six were in second remission and four had resistant, relapsed disease or prolonged marrow aplasia after induction chemotherapy. Five of the 12 patients with AML had secondary AML. Four patients had transfusion-dependent myelodysplastic syndrome. Three patients with chronic myeloid leukemia were in the accelerated phase and two were in the blastic phase. Organ toxicities related to the preparative regimen were graded. Liver toxicity occurred in 11 patients, two of these were fatal veno-occlusive disease (VOD) (10%). Nineteen of the 21 patients had grade 2 or less diarrhea, and 13 also had mucositis. One patient developed grade 3 cardiac toxicity, and one other patient had grade 1 skin toxicity. Four patients had gross hematuria related to treatment (19%). No renal, pulmonary or CNS toxicities were encountered. Ten patients have died, two from regimen-related hepatic VOD. Of the remaining eight deaths, four were from respiratory failure in four patients (one case each of Pneumocystis pneumonia, CMV pneumonia, bronchiolitis obliterans associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease, and interstitial pneumonitis complicated pulmonary emboli), and one patient each from GI bleeding, cardiac arrhythmia, sepsis and CNS bleeding. Thus far, only one patient transplanted for secondary AML in second remission relapsed at day 230.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in high-risk myeloid disorders using busulfan, cytosine arabinoside and cyclophosphamide (BAC). 154 49

Twenty-seven patients with aplastic anemia (20 severe: 7 moderate) were treated with combined immunosuppression consisting of antilymphocyte globulin (ALG: Ahlbulin, Green Cross Co., Osaka, Japan) and high-dose methylprednisolone. Danazol or meptiostane was administered concurrently for at least 3 months. Ten of 27 patients had sustained improvement in hematopoiesis within 3 months of treatment. Three patients with hematological response had a recurrence of pancytopenia 12-36 months after the combined immunosuppressive therapy. Six patients died due to fungal pneumonia (2), hepatic failure (2), interstitial pneumonitis (1) and complication following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (1). By life table analysis, the survival rate for all patients was 76 +/- 8% at 4 years, with 70 +/- 10% survival rate for patients with severe aplastic anemia and 100% for patients with moderate aplastic anemia. The factors predicting the good response to the therapy were a longer interval from diagnosis to the therapy and higher counts of platelet and reticulocyte at admission.
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PMID:[Treatment of aplastic anemia with antilymphocyte globulin, high-dose methylprednisolone and androgen]. 154 10

Hundreds of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) died along the Spanish Mediterranean coast during the second half of 1990. We necropsied 58 dolphins. Partial collapse of the lungs with patchy atelectasis, subcutaneous edema, icterus, and stomatitis were the most prominent gross morphologic changes. Histologically, a bronchiolo-interstitial pneumonia was the most frequent lesion (72% of the animals). It was characterized by hyperplasia of alveolar epithelial type II cells and formation of multinucleate syncytia in alveolar and bronchiolar lumina. Other prominent lesions were encephalitis (69%), lymphoid depletion, and formation of multinucleate syncytia in the cortex of lymph nodes. The distribution of morbillivirus antigen was investigated in 23 well-preserved dolphins using a monoclonal antibody against the hemagglutinin glycoprotein of phocine distemper virus. Positive immunostaining was found in brain (77%), in lung (70%), and in mesenteric (61%), mediastinal (47%), and prescapular (45%) lymph nodes. Phocine distemper virus antigen was demonstrated less frequently in trachea, stomach, biliary epithelium, intestine, kidney, and mammary gland. Necrotizing-hemorrhagic pneumonia and encephalitis due to Aspergillus fumigatus were seen in three dolphins, whereas two animals had lesions of toxoplasmosis. Changes in our dolphins were similar to those caused by distemper in seals and porpoises. The origin of the dolphin virus and the relationships among dolphin, seal, and porpoise morbilli viruses are unknown.
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PMID:Pathologic and immunocytochemical studies of morbillivirus infection in striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba). 155 61

We report a four-year-old boy with HIV encephalopathy after vertical HIV infection. On the first admission to our hospital he showed ataxia, loose of expressive language and interstitial pneumonia. After treatment of the pneumonia the patient was started on oral zidovudine with 6 x 6 mg/kg bw/day, because of persisting neurologic symptoms and deep white matter lesions in the MR tomogram of the brain. Two months later he showed an improvement of the gait and the reappearance of the expressive language. Seven months after the start with zidovudine the MR tomogram of the brain revealed the disappearance of white matter lesions with exception of little areas of demyelinisation. No side effects of treatment were observed. The only persisting pathological clinical signs were developmental delay of about a half year and moderately hyperactive tendon reflexes of the lower extremities. Our case suggests that even oral treatment with zidovudine can have a beneficial effect on the HIV encephalopathy in infants.
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PMID:[The effect of high-dose peroral zidovudine treatment in a 4-year-old child with HIV encephalopathy]. 156 Sep 90

Thoracic disease in the HIV negative immunocompromised host is most frequently caused by infection. Patterns of involvement produced on the chest radiograph include (1) lobar or segmental consolidation, (2) nodules with rapid growth and/or cavitation, and (3) diffuse lung disease. The lung also may be directly involved by lymphoma, metastases, drug reactions, radiation pneumonitis, or nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis. The lung is a frequent target organ for opportunistic infections in AIDS patients, particularly of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and tuberculosis. Computed tomography may be particularly helpful in these patients in the detection of early disease and in the characterization of patterns and extent of involvement as well as complications.
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PMID:Thoracic disease in the immunocompromised patient. 157 Mar 94

A light and electron microscopy study was performed on endothelial cells of alveolar capillaries in biopsied lung tissues obtained from 28 patients with interstitial fibrotic lung diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, collagen vascular diseases and acute interstitial pneumonia. In the relatively early stages of acute interstitial pneumonia, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and other diseases, the cytoplasms of the endothelial cells appeared swollen and electron-lucent and occasionally showed degeneration and necrosis. Although mitosis was not evident in the endothelium at any disease stage, some capillary endothelial cells showed regeneration. Furthermore, although rarely, they showed obvious phenotypic transformation into diaphragmed fenestrae in some limited segments of fibrotic lungs in the 20 of the 28 patients examined. The frequency of endothelial fenestration seemed to be correlated with the degree of interstitial fibrosis along the alveolar walls. In such fibrotic lung tissues, cuboidal metaplastic cells of bronchiolar origin proliferated on the luminal side. The mechanism of endothelial fenestration in the alveolar capillaries is assumed to be comparable with cuboidal metaplasia of alveolar epithelial cells. The alveolar capillary endothelium is recruited from the bronchiolar capillaries via bronchopulmonary anastomoses unless endothelial repair occurs in situ. Regenerating endothelial cells move into the alveolar capillary tubes along the remnant sleeves of the basement membrane. New endothelial processes finally display their original fenestrated structure while secreting irregular fragments of basement membrane during implantation in the capillary beds.
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PMID:Endothelial fenestration of the alveolar capillaries in interstitial fibrotic lung diseases. 157 Jul 40

Pericarditis may be the most common cardiac manifestation in RA patients and the incidence in autopsy cases is more than 30%. Pericardial effusion shows low sugar and complement level and high level of LDH and gamma-globulin. The administration of corticosteroids has been successfully used in the treatment of rheumatoid pericarditis. The pulmonary involvement in RA include pleuritis, nodules and interstitial lung disease. Interstitial lung disease in RA patients appears to run a continuum from mild pneumonitis to severe pulmonary fibrosis and occasionally it include bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) which is sensitive to corticosteroid therapy. Although open lung biopsy is the definitive procedure for proving the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease, open lung is now being complemented or replaced by transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Corticosteroids will be effective to BOOP definitely and in general usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is resistant to treatment. In addition to the primary pulmonary manifestations of RA, anti-rheumatic drug reactions in the lung may be associated.
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PMID:[Cardiac and pulmonary manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis]. 158 50

A 21-year-old patient developed interstitial pneumonitis nine months post bone marrow transplant for acute myeloblastic leukaemia. Immunofluorescence of broncheoalveolar lavage fluid revealed the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Aerosolized ribavarin therapy resulted in rapid resolution of the pneumonitis with full recovery without any side effects. Ribavarin therapy should be considered early in the management of BMT patients who develop RSV pneumonitis.
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PMID:Successful therapy with ribavirin of late onset respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis complicating allogeneic bone transplantation. 160 Jun 91

We studied the clinico-pathological correlation of collagen disease-related pulmonary lesions to examine the pathological and radiological features of collagen lung, and the effect of steroid therapy. Ten open lung biopsy cases were examined; 4 male, and 6 female. The mean age was 55 years old. Seven cases developed pulmonary shadows after the diagnosis of collagen disease, and 3 cases showed pulmonary shadow prior to diagnosis. Pathologically, 6 cases proved to be bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP), 3 cases were chronic interstitial pneumonia (UIP), and 1 case was acute interstitial pneumonia. All cases had inflammatory thickening of the interstitium involving the pleura, bronchial wall, and perivascular connective tissue. Half of the cases had bronchiolar inflammatory lesions. Radiologically BOOP cases showed either localized ground glass shadows, or diffuse reticulonodular shadows predominantly in the lower lung fields with shrinkage of affected areas. UIP cases showed reticulonodular shadows, and active UIP cases showed overlapping ground glass shadows. Steroids were administered in cases of BOOP and active UIP, and all cases showed improvement. We consider that open lung biopsy is of use in the diagnosis of some cases and in assessing whether steroid therapy is indicated.
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PMID:[Clinico-pathological study of collagen-related pulmonary lesions in cases of open lung biopsy]. 160 60


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