Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Septicemia occurred in 81 (= 23.9%) of 339 patients with leukemias an malignant lymphomas during 1979-1984/VI. In leukemias the acute forms and in malignant lymphomas the high malignant forms were mostly affected. The frequency of gramnegative bacterias (46 = 56.8%) was higher than that of gram-positive bacterias (32 = 39.5%) and of fungus (3 = 3.7%). The frequency of septicemia in leukemias (alone) between 1966-1977 was 13.9%, between 1979-1984/VI 30%. In this comparison septicemias caused by gram-negative bacterias and fungus decreased, whereas gram-positive septicemias increased. The focus of septicemia remained unknown in 30 cases, Pneumonias and the urinary tract were the most common source, followed by the skin. All patients were under cytostatics and therefore leukopenic, most of them received corticosteroids simultaneously and were thus immunosuppressed. A combination of granulocytopenia less than 1,000 mm3 with hypogammaglobulinemia less than 10 rel.% were mostly found in acute leukemias and in chronic lymphatic leukemia. 41.5% of febrile episodes from all groups of these diseases were of non-microbic origin (local or septic) an thus possibly symptom of activity of the underlying disease.
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PMID:[Septicemia in leukemia and malignant lymphoma. Incidence pathogens--causes]. 405 13

The authors report the case of a 17 year-old girl who presented with typical clinical features (pneumonia, sinusitis, otitis and diarrhoea) of Variable Primary Hypogammaglobulinemia for over 15 years. Immunodeficiency investigations showed a defective antibody response with a panhypogammaglobulinemia but normal cell-mediated immunity. Serum protein electrophoresis and detection of natural and acquired antibodies in the blood are the basic biological tests to run for a quick diagnosis. The main long term complication consists of the risk of neoplasia. The patient recovered a good clinical status after she was treated by IgG infusions every 2,5 weeks and antibiotics in case of superimposed infection.
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PMID:[Common variable hypogammaglobulinemia. Apropos of a new case]. 407 99

A 36-year-old man had chronic, debilitating diarrhea due to cryptosporidiosis. This patient had longstanding common variable hypogammaglobulinemia and recurrent bacterial infections. Immunologic evaluation after discovery of Cryptosporidium showed lymphopenia with persistently reduced numbers of helper/inducer cells (OKT-4), variable numbers of suppressor/cytotoxic cells (OKT-8), OKT-4/OKT-8 ratio of 0.09, and increased levels of serum alpha-interferon, all of which describe the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Oocysts of Cryptosporidium were found in feces from the patient's cat, thus identifying a possible source of his infection. The patient had disseminated candidiasis, cytomegalovirus pneumonia, and cryptosporidiosis when he died.
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PMID:Cryptosporidiosis in a patient with hemophilia, common variable hypogammaglobulinemia, and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 622 62

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was repeatedly isolated from urine and saliva of a 20-month-old male child with recurrent episodes of pneumonia, high fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, oral ulceration, and neutropenia. Immunologic evaluation revealed decreased serum IgG and IgA, increased IgM, depressed T- and B-lymphocyte functions, and decreased natural killer (NK) activity for herpes simplex-type I virus-infected targets. NK activity was augmented following exposure of the patient's lymphocytes to interferon (IF) in vitro. The child was treated with interferon (four courses, dosage varying from 2 million U/day to 1 million U three times/week for periods of 10, 28, 80, and 67 days, respectively, interspersed over 9 months) and hyperimmune plasma infusions every 3 weeks. Toward the end of interferon therapy oral Levamisole was started and a feeding gastrostomy was inserted to provide nutritional support. Clinical recovery was associated with reversal of immunologic abnormalities except for the hypogammaglobulinemia. Aggressive antiviral therapy (e.g., with IF) followed by immunostimulation (e.g., with Levamisole) may prove effective in controlling certain viral infections in immunodeficiency disorders.
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PMID:Persistent cytomegalovirus infection: association with profound immunodeficiency and treatment with interferon. 630 74

Infections of the central nervous system in patients at risk are relatively uncommon when compared with pneumonia, bacteremia, and soft tissue infection. However, they carry serious morbidity and are frequently fatal. Each of the diverse conditions that can place a patient at risk for central nervous system infection is associated with a fairly predictable spectrum of etiologic organisms. Various forms of trauma (including blunt and penetrating injuries and neurosurgery, especially when a cerebrospinal fluid shunt is implanted) predispose to infection with common pathogenic bacteria. Defects of cellular immunity including congenital immune deficiencies, immunosuppressive drug therapy, leukemia, lymphoma, and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome are more likely to give rise to infection with a distinctive spectrum of opportunistic viruses, fungi, and protozoa. Other underlying conditions include sinus, ear, and mastoid infections, congenital heart disease, intrathoracic suppuration, endocarditis, and bacteremia, hypogammaglobulinemia, and complement deficiencies. Some preventive measures including vaccines, antibiotics, and surgical procedures are available. However, for many of these central nervous system infections, preventive measures are lacking or less effective than those for infections in other organs. In the future, opportunistic central nervous system infections will increase in frequency as the number of patients at risk continues to grow.
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PMID:Prevention of central nervous system infections in patients at risk. 637 75

Two cases of hypogammaglobulinemia (Bruton's syndrome) in brothers are described. Their sisters had no this disease. Pronounced changes in the lymph nodes, spleen and thymus typical for this condition were combined in both cases with lung and kidney malformations as well as with chronic pneumonia and inanition. The both boys have viral respiratory infections that followed by marked antibody formation and clear-cut structural alterations characteristic of different stages of these diseases. Besides this the older brother was found to have chronic viral hepatitis B with an unusual giant-cell reaction.
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PMID:[Features of the manifestations of bronchopulmonary pathology and hepatitis B in children with hypogammaglobulinemia]. 672 6

Meningococcemia caused by serogroup W135 occurred in four patients during a period of nine months. Three of the patients had hypogammaglobulinemia with normal hemolytic complement levels; the fourth had normal immunoglobulin levels one year after her illness. None of the patients had classic meningitis. One patient had pneumonia; one appeared to have encephalitis with mild meningismus; and two had sepsis without localizing signs or symptoms. Patients with hypogammaglobulinemia are predisposed to the development of meningococcemia, and the incidence of W135 carriage in the population is increasing.
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PMID:Meningococcemia caused by serogroup W135. Association with hypogammaglobulinemia. 678 88

Lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis is an uncommon process, and an association with hypogammaglobulinemia in children is rare. Three patients, a 10-yr-old boy (Patient 1), a 17-yr-old girl (Patient 2), and a 13-yr-old boy (Patient 3) were evaluated for progressive interstitial pneumonitis and hypogammaglobulinemia. At presentation, symptoms or signs of lung disease had been present for 9, 6, and 1.5 yr and consisted of severe exertional dyspnea asymptomatic pneumonitis on roentgenogram, and mild exertional dyspnea, respectively. Serum immunoglobulin deficiencies were variable with IgG and IgA being depressed in all patients and IgM being within normal limits in Patient 2. In vitro neutrophil function and T lymphocyte number and mitogen responses were normal. Measurement of in vitro immunoglobulin production suggested a primary B lymphocyte dysfunction. Pulmonary function testing revealed restrictive lung disease in Patient 1, arterial hypoxemia in Patients 1 and 2, and increased alveolar-arterial oxygen differences in all patients. Microscopic examination of lung specimens from each patient revealed diffuse lymphoid parenchymal infiltration with formation of follicles with occasional germinal centers, varying degrees of fibrosis, and negative examinations for viruses, bacteria, and fungi. The factors responsible for the cessation of antibody production and for the striking lympho-proliferative process seen in these patients remain to be identified.
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PMID:Lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis and hypogammaglobulinemia in children. 697 50

Typical Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was found in a male thoroughbred foal (46 days old) suffering from diarrhea and hypogammaglobulinemia after birth. The characteristics of the organisms were demonstrated by Grocott methenamine silver staining, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The present focal had no histological lesions suggesting immunodeficiency. However, he could not get adequate colostrum from his dam, because she died of hemorrhagic shock due to immuno-mediated thrombocytopenia at delivery. This condition was considered to have predisposed the foal to the pneumonia.
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PMID:Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a thoroughbred foal. 820 38

In this paper, we report a case of thymoma associated with hypogammaglobulinemia, a relatively rare disorder. The case involved a 79-year-old man, who was told, following the diagnosis of an upper respiratory tract infection, that he had a tumor shadow in the anterior mediastinum. A preoperative examination revealed hypogammaglobulinemia. An extended thymectomy was performed. The tumor that was removed was found to be a noninvasive spindle cell thymoma. After three years of postoperative treatment, no tumor recurrence was observed. The hypogammaglobulinemia, however, did not improve, and the subject suffered from repeated occurrences of pneumonia.
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PMID:[A case of thymoma associated with hypogammaglobulinemia]. 836 May 42


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