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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During 1974, eight of 37 (22%) Bordetella organisms isolated from patients in Cincinnate were Bordetella parapertussis. This is in contrast to other experience in the United States where parapertussis has comprised less than5% of the Bordetella species isolated and suggest that B parapertussis infection may be more common in this country than generally recognized. The failure to appreciate the presence of this infection may result from the lack of cultures taken from children with mild disease and the failure todistinguish B parapertussis from B pertussis. Ccultures were obtained from family members of three of the children with B parapertussis, and B pertussis was isolated from members of two families, including the mother and sister of a child who died of pneumonia and encephalopathy. These cases suggest that patients with severe disease associated with B parapertussis should be carefully evaluated for the possibility of dual infection caused by b pertussis.
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PMID:Bordetella parapertussis. Recent experience and a review of the literature. 19 93

Since the initial description of Legionnaires' disease 2 years ago, a clearer picture of its clinical manifestations has emerged as a result of investigations of further epidemics and studies of laboratory-confirmed sporadic cases. Although individual clinical features are not sufficiently distinctive to distinguish Legionnaires' disease from other types of acute pneumonia, a composite can provide a sufficiently characteristic clinical profile to indicate the likelihood of this diagnosis. Such a profile includes high fever (above 39.4 degrees C); recurrent chills; relative bradycardia; early gastrointestinal symptoms (particularly diarrhea); prominent myalgias; microscopic hematuria; liver function abnormalities; toxic encephalopathy; nonproductive cough; absence of bacterial pathogens on Gram stain and culture of transtracheal aspirate; progression from patchy bronchopneumonia to lobar and multilobar consolidation; and frequently prompt and sometimes dramatic response to treatment with erythromycin.
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PMID:Clinical aspects of Legionnaires' disease. 43 24

Retrospectively, we clinically compared community-acquired cases of Legionnaires' disease, pneumococcal, and mycoplasmal pneumonias. Relative to pneumococcal and mycoplasmal pneumonias, patients with Legionnaires' disease were significantly more likely to present with unexplained encephalopathy, hematuria, and elevation of serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase than were those with pneumococcal and mycoplasmal pneumonias. We found upper respiratory symptoms infrequently in patients with Legionnaires' disease, and progression of pulmonary infiltrates occurred commonly. Differentiation of Legionnaires' disease pneumonia without encephalopathy from pneumococcal and mycoplasmal pneumonias may be difficult because of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic similarities.
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PMID:Comparative features of pneumococcal, mycoplasmal, and Legionnaires' disease pneumonias. 43 31

Complications are the major causes of illness and death after burning and most of them stem from the burn wound. Their origin and importance are reviewed with emphasis on problems and growing points in knowledge. Fluid leakage from the circulation into the burn is the cause of hypovolemic shock, but the underlying permeability changes in the burn are only partly understood. Other nonbacterial complications include acute cardiac failure, acute anemia, hemolytic jaundice, renal failure, encephalopathy, complex hypermetabolic effects including pseudodiabetes, gastric and duodenal ulceration, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, pulmonary and glomerular microthrombosis, hepatic jaundice, and arterial thrombosis. Involvement of the airway in conflagrations carries special hazards like glottic edema and inhalation of irritant fumes. Nowadays, bacterial causes are dominant and these remain the main challenge. Bacterial infection and invasion of the burn are usually responsible for septicemia, bronchopneumonia, and pyelonephritis although other sources also contribute. Indirect manifestations of septicemia include paralytic ileus, acute gastric dilatation, toxic myocarditis, and some cases of renal failure. Therapeutic complications like agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and colitis occur at times. High concentrations of oxygen given therapeutically can produce fatal aseptic hypoxic pneumonitis.
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PMID:A review of the complications of burns, their origin and importance for illness and death. 44 73

Since the introduction of oral polio vaccine in 1962, 30 cases of convulsions were registered within 30 days after the immunisation in Hamburg. 29 further cases from the surroundings came also to our attention. The majority of these cases occurred within 8 days after the vaccination (44 cases), afterwards only single cases were recorded. 33 patients were males, 24 females (2 cases sex unknown). The majority of the patients had the postvaccinal convulsions between 7 to 36 months of age, a characteristic period for febrile convulsions. 28 patients showed a course typical for febrile convulsions. In some cases intercurrent infections (pneumonia, otitis media purulenta) could also explain the nerval reactions. In 11 cases encephalopathy or encephalitis (1 case due to mumps) had been diagnoses. 8 patients suffered later from a convulsive disorder. Between 1964 and 1974 165,000 children born in Hamburg, were immunised thrice with OPV. In this period 19 convulsions and 3 permanent convulsive disorders were observed (1 case per 8,600 vaccinees; 1 convulsive disorder per 55,000 vaccinees).
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PMID:Convulsions following oral polio immunisation. 52 Jun 68

A study of measles was undertaken from the case histories of 3 093 children under 15 years of age, treated in the children's clinics of Hamburg between 1960 to 1973. 562 children were suffering from pneumonia (18,2%), 230 had otitis (7,4%) and 229 (7,4%) showed neural affections (143 cases with fits and 86 patients with encephalopathy or encephalitis), Various parameters were analysed: age, sex, seasonal distribution, fatality, age disposition to convulsions and measles encephalitis, "incubation period" of neural affections, sequelae. Permanent sequelae due to measles encephalitis were seen in 14% of the cases. A plea is made for an universal immunisation against measles.
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PMID:[Measles and its complications in Hamburg from 1960 to 1973 (author's transl)]. 96 33

On the basis of a clinical, laboratory (blood gas content, function of external respiration, EEG, ECG eye ground, etc.) and pathomorphological studies the authors describe a syndrome of chronic lung encephalopathy in 34 patients with chronic nonspecific lung diseases (chronic pneumonia, chronic bronchitis). The report contains data on the development of chronic encephalopathy depending upon the severity of the basic disease. Treatment recommendations are given.
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PMID:[Encephalopathic syndrome in chronic non-specific lung diseases]. 101 83

One case of giant-cell pneumonia and two of encephalopathy, all due to measles infection in children in leukaemic remission on immunosuppressive treatment, were seen recently. The clinical syndromes were variable and atypical and the antibody responses unpredictable. Conventional doses of pooled immunoglobulin failed to protect the two children to whom it was given. Degeneration rather than inflammation seems to characterise the encephalopathy in immunosuppressed children infected with measles virus.
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PMID:Atypical measles infections in leukaemic children on immunosuppressive treatment. 106 63

From 1950 to 1970 in Hamburg, 9240 patients under 15 years of age were treated as inpatients for pertussis. 1674 patients had pneumonia due to pertussis, 114 had pertussis encephalopathies, and 41 seizures. The fatality from pneumonia went from 2,26% (1950-1960) to 0,4% (1961-1970). Fatality from encephalopathy was less influenced (24% respectively, 17,9%). The mild clinical course of pertussis is also reflected in the reduced number of hospitalizations due to pertussis (1956, 3,7%; 1970, 0,8%). Permanent damage from complications due to pertussis was seen in 0,7% of survivors from pertussis pneumonia and in 3,4% after pertussis encephalopathy.
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PMID:[Pertussis and it complications-analysis of hospitalized patients in Hamburg 1950-1970 (author's transl)]. 120 1

The clinical features and X-ray manifestations of 50 cases of legionnaires disease were analysed. 8 cases might be due to nosocomial infection through breathing in flying particles of the saliva or phlegm. According to the main clinical features, this disease could be divided into common pneumonia type; acute gastroenteritis type; encephalopathy type; shock type; acute renal insufficiency type. The differential diagnosis of legionnaires disease with mycoplasmal pneumonia, pneumococcal pneumonia and infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis was also discussed. The first choice for treatment is erythromycin or erythromycin with rifampicin.
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PMID:[A clinical study of 50 cases of Legionnaires disease]. 130 5


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