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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors studied 20 patients undergoing operation for a carcinoma of the middle third of the oesophagus during the period January 1972 to April 1975. Postoperative pulmonary complications are extremely common in such patients. All the patients had pulmonary function study results which were compatible with this type of surgery. All underwent resection with oesophagogastric anastomosis via a left thoracophrenolaparotomy. Of the 20 patients, 14 suffered from one or more episodes of acute respiratory insufficiency, some related to pneumonia. On the basis of various associated clinical, radiological, biological, evolutive and histopathological criteria, five types of pulmonary complication were distinguished: 1-Shock lung; 2-Infective pneumonia; 3-Traumatic pulmonary disease; 4-Acute cor pulmonale; 5-Lung disease of undetermined origin. Twelve patients died as a result of pulmonary complications, 11 early (before the 16th day). One patient only died as a result of rupture of the oesophagogastric anastomosis.
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PMID:[Pulmonary complications of esophagectomy for carcinoma of the middle third of the esophagus]. 2 91

Chest radiographs can reflect increasing pulmonary insufficiency of shock lung. In the early and intermediate stages, there is almost pure interstitial oedema which, in the later stages becomes alveolar-interstitial. In addition one may find evidence of broncho-pneumonia. Respiratory insufficiency is due to abnormalities of perfusion and distribution and is aggravated by disturbance of oxygen diffusion. The latter is due to an increase in the alveolo-capillary diffusion distance in the presence of interstitial oedema. It was not possible to demonstrate quantitatively significant precapillary shunts greater than 25 mu.
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PMID:[Radiological lung changes in progressive pulmonary insufficiency (author's transl)]. 13 Oct 60

A 72-years old man was severely injured when a lorry rolled back and pinned him down, causing contusion of the chest, fractures of ribs 3-10 on the right and haemothorax. Treatment of the chest injuries was by drainage and by positive end-expiratory pressure ventilation because of the development of severe pneumonia with wet lung. Persistent renal insufficiency, a gastro-intestinal haemorrhage and diabetes also required treatment. The patient developed septic endomyocarditis as a late complication, possibly attributable to the central venous catheter. All pulmonary and extrapulmonary injuries and complications could be set right during the patient's 4-months' stay in the intensive care unit.
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PMID:[A case of extremely severe chest injury with fracture of several ribs (author's transl)]. 37 48

The spectrum of pulmonary complications in 28 of 66 burn victims is analyzed according to time of onset and resultant radiographic features. Immediately recognizable pulmonary abnormalities are usually due to chemical pulmonary edema and inhalation pneumonitis. Complications manifested 2-5 days after injury include pulmonary microembolism, adult respiratory distress syndrome, and atelectasis. Delayed complications are major pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, and adult respiratory distress syndrome. In this series, 25 patients (89%) developing pulmonary complications died. The critical role of serial chest radiographs in the evaluation and management of burn victims is emphasized.
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PMID:The radiographic spectrum of pulmonary complications in burn victims. 40 38

Platypnea nad orthodeoxia developed during an episode of adult respiratory distress syndrome in a previously healthy individual. An outstanding feature of the patient's illness was the development of numerous pneumatoceles secondary to necrotizing pneumonia. These abnormalities spontaneously improved with improvement of the underlying parenchymal lung disease.
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PMID:Reversible platypnea and orthodeoxia following recovery from adult respiratory distress syndrome. 44 52

The course of intrauterine infections are illustrated and 5 maternal deaths reported. Early lung complications were predominant, described as shock lung or septic pneumonia. Renal complications or disseminated intravascular coagulation were absent or developed late. In contrast to gram negative sepsis there was a frequent association with premature rupture of the membranes, which indicates the danger of this event. On microbiology gram positive rods were found more frequently than a mixed flora. The morphology of intrauterine infection is similar to those of puerperal sepsis although the clinical course is quite different. This indicates a change in infectious pattern during the last centuries.
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PMID:[Intrauterine infections in pregnancy. The significance of premature rupture of the membranes and early lung complications]. 45 59

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common medical emergency in respiratory care complicating a great variety of traumas and diseases. An animal model from Lewe miniature pigs has been developed to study the ARDS under standardized conditions; it is based on aspiration pneumonitis, a disorder often observed in ARDS, injuring the lung alveolar surfactant system. The experimental study was conducted under neuroleptanalgesia. ARDS was produced by intratracheal application of hydrochloric acid (0.2 mol/l) in an amount of 1.0 ml/kg body wt. The animals were ventilated automatically by a standardized ventilatory pattern in IPP mode. In all animals the time course of oxygenation ratio (Pa,O2/F1O2), arterial CO2 tension (Pa,CO2), ratio of alveolo--arterial oxygen tension difference to inspired oxygen fraction (Aa,DO2/F1O2), oxygen exchange ratio ((AaDO2/Pa,O2), lung compliance (CL), inspiratory airway resistance (RrsI), dead space ratio VD/VT), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and systemic blood pressure were studied. Changes in quasi-static volume--pressure curves, percentage change in lung water content and gross pathological finding were used to integrate the findings into a system of pathophysiological changes in ARDS. The animal group to which hydrochloric acid was administered shows severe pulmonary distress leading to death within 3.5--7.5 h. No significant changes in the measured parameters could be observed in the control group over a 14 h period. The results suggest that aspiration pneumonitis in Lewe miniature pigs is very suitable to investigate various problems in pathogenesis of ARDS. The model provides reproducible results which correlate very well with findings in different ARDS states. The models serves both to compare clinical states and to search for newer therapeutic manoeuvres.
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PMID:Gas exchange, pulmonary mechanics and haemodynamics in adult respiratory distress syndrome: experimental results in Lewe miniature pigs. 49 31

Acute respiratory insufficiency or adult respiratory distress syndrome is a common medical emergency in intensive medicine complicated by high mortality. To study the acute respiratory insufficiency under standardized conditions an animal model in Lewe-mini-pigs has been developed. This model is based on aspiration pneumonitis produced by intrabrochial atomisation of 0.2 N hydrochloric acid. General anesthesia was performed by neuroleptanalgesia. In all animals the profound changes in gas exchange, pulmonary mechanics and hemodynamics as well as quasi-static volume-pressure relationships after hydrochloric acid aspiration were described. The results suggest that this model is suitable to outline the profound changes in pulmonary function in this type of acute respiratory insufficiency.
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PMID:[Animal model of acute respiratory insufficiency by HCl aspiration in Lewe mini-pigs]. 54 65

Five patients with acute pneumonia and transitory atelectasis without bronchial obstruction are presented. The reduced lung volume in these cases, in a case of shock lung, together with a similar phenomenon in pulmonary embolism, is tentatively related to a possible disorder of the surfactant system.
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PMID:[Atelectasis without bronchial obstruction]. 83 99

Bilateral tuberculous pneumonia with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone was the cause of the adult respiratory distress syndrome in an elderly patient. Early recognition and prompt therapy enabled the patient to make a complete recovery without the necessity for mechanical ventilation. With the shift of care of tuberculous patients out of the sanitorium, the practicing physician should be aware of the varied manifestations of tuberculosis.
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PMID:Tuberculous pneumonia with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone: cause of the adult respiratory distress syndrome. 91 60


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