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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Caseous lymphadenitis was the most frequently encountered pathological condition in 3,720 feral goats examined during routine meat inspection procedures. Among 9 separate consignments of animals, the prevalence of infection averaged 7.4% (range 0.3% to 18.8%). The majority of lesions were seen in lymph nodes draining superficial body areas although many also occurred in internal nodes and organs. Corynebacterium ovis was isolated from 25 of 32 lesions submitted for bacteriological examination. Other conditions regularly encountered included pneumonia, cysticercosis, sarcosporidiosis and lice infestation, while myonecrosis, pleurisy, pericarditis, nephritis, hepatitis, cirrhosis and mite infestation were only occasionally found. A total of 171 serum samples were collected and tested against 17 antigens. Samples from 57.9% and 51.5% of goats showed positive serological reactions to the antigens for sarcosporidiosis and Q fever respectively.
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PMID:An abattoir survey of diseases of feral goats. 680 55

The article presents epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic characteristics of Brill-Zinsser disease (BZD). A total of 25 cases of BZD were retrospectively analyzed during the period from January 1, 1980 through December 31, 2000, and etiology was confirmed by rickettsial complement-fixation test (CFT). The majority of cases 15 (60%) quoted history of primary attack of epidemic typhus during or after the World War II. During the course of the disease in our patients different organic systems were involved. Aseptic meningitis was verified in 21 (84%) patients, rash in 17 (68%), liver lesion in 14 (56%), pneumonitis in 7 (28%), myopericarditis in 7 (28%) and 5 (20%) had renal lesion. Not a single clinical symptom or finding of disease has a diagnostic particularity. However, long term fever, headache, rash and aseptic meningitis, or information of infestation with lice in childhood, or a history of epidemic typhus should arouse a suspicion of this disease, which still occurs in Croatia.
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PMID:[The Brill-Zinsser disease still occurs in Croatia: retrospective analysis of 25 hospitalized patients]. 1261 36

Life in the concentration camps of the Third Reich was like living on another planet. The prisoners, stripped of all rights, experienced constant humiliation, uncertain survival and endless terror. Living conditions were harsh, characterized by crowding, poor sanitation and personal hygiene, lack of proper clothing and heating. The days began early with long marches and slave labor. Sleep was short and interrupted, and fatigue was constant and severe. Above all hoovered the dark cloud of ever-present famine. The prisoners were given about a fourth of the daily calorie requirements, and the food lacked vital components such as vitamins and other essential ingredients. The psychological stress was extreme, yet morbidity and mortality were mainly due to infections, injuries and hunger. Lice, scabies and other skin diseases were common. Typhus fever was ever-present, both endemic and epidemic, with a fatal outcome. Many suffered from tuberculosis, typhoid, dysentery, pneumonia and other infections diseases. Injuries were common, caused by beating, punitive whiplashing and other forms of physical abuse, gunshot wounds and dog-bites. Skull injuries with brain contusions and hemorrhages were prevalent, as well as fractured limbs, ribs and pelvic bones. Blunt injuries to chest and abdomen often had fatal outcomes due to the perforation of viscera and peritonitis or as a result of massive hemorrhage from ruptured blood vessels. The harsh winters were marked by frozen gangrenous limbs and hypothermia. Yet, the most ominous condition was the "hunger disease" with its multiple clinical expressions which, in their extreme form, led to the emaciated "musleman" and eventual death.
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PMID:[Morbidity in the concentration camps of the Third Reich]. 1511 84

Since 1997, numerous Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) in western Washington (USA) have developed a hair loss syndrome that often preceded emaciation, debilitation, pneumonia, and death. To study this syndrome, eight affected free-ranging Columbian black-tailed deer fawns were captured from western Washington in February 1999 to determine the effect of ivermectin treatment. Fecal examinations indicated that the internal parasites were Dictyocaulus viviparus, Parelaphostrongylus sp., Trichuris sp., Moniezia sp., Eimeria spp., and gastrointestinal strongyles. Biting lice (Tricholipeurus parallelus) were observed on all deer, with up to 5 lice/cm(2) on the index areas counted. Three deer were treated with ivermectin subcutaneously at doses between 0.2 and 1.3 mg/kg of body weight monthly for four consecutive months, and five control deer received no anthelmintic treatment. Complete blood counts, parasite evaluations, weight gains, and hair loss evaluations were used to assess effectiveness of treatment. Two untreated deer died during the experiment compared with no deaths among the three treated deer. Treated deer gained significantly more weight (P<0.05) than the untreated deer (22.4 vs. 12.6 kg, respectively) that survived the experiment, had significantly fewer parasite eggs and larvae (P<0.05) in feces and significantly fewer nematodes (P<0.05) at necropsy, and regrew their hair at a faster rate than untreated deer. Lice and all nematode eggs and larval stages in feces were eliminated or greatly reduced following treatment. On the basis of these data, excessive louse populations, gastrointestinal nematodes, and the lung-worms Parelaphostrongylus sp. and D. viviparus, might be important predisposing factors for this hair loss condition and death of affected animals.
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PMID:Evaluation of ivermectin for treatment of hair loss syndrome in black-tailed deer. 1546 10

The present study was planned to investigate the ethnoveterinary methods practiced by the owners of pneumatic-cart pulling camels in Faisalabad Metropolis (Pakistan). During a 7-year-period (November 1992-November 1999), 200 owners of draught camels working in the city were interviewed. Information concerning the ethnoveterinary practices for the treatment of common disorders of digestive tract (indigestion, colic and diarrhea), respiratory tract (cold/rhinitis, pneumonia), skin problems (mange, ulceration of nostrils with or without nasal myiasis, ticks and lice, harness sores), systemic states (fever, ze/rba/d, anhidrosis) and preventive therapy of indigestion and halitosis was collected through interviews and collated with those documented for the treatment of desert-dwelling camels. Familiarity of owners with two traditional methods of surra (trypanosomiasis) diagnosis ('Sand-ball test' and 'Hair-stick test') known to pastorilists was also probed. In addition, the dose and frequency of use of common salt was investigated. Traditional inputs utilized by the camel owners included various plant products, insecticides, sulphur, sump oil, common salt, aspirin, naphthalene balls and milk fat. Different owners used different combinations of traditional drugs for the treatment of disorders/conditions investigated. None of the camel owners was found familiar with the 'Sand-ball test' or 'Hair-stick test' of trypanosomiasis diagnosis. For the prevention of indigestion and halitosis all camel owners had practiced administration of 'massaulas' (physic drench/balls) along with common salt (average 250 g) on weekly basis. Firing had not been used by any owner. In general, the ethnoveterinary treatment practices used by the owners of city-dwelling camels appear to be different from those documented for the treatment of diseases of desert-dwelling camels.
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PMID:Ethnoveterinary practices of owners of pneumatic-cart pulling camels in Faisalabad City (Pakistan). 1570 60

In the austral summer of 2011, in the rural area of Villarrica county, southern Chile (39 degrees 16'S, 72 degrees 19'W), seven black-faced ibis juveniles (approximately 4 mo old) were observed in the field with weakness; they were unable to follow the group and struggling to take flight. Three of these birds were euthanatized, and complete necropsies were performed. Gross examination showed severe infestation with Colpocephalum trispinum and Ardeicola melanopis lice, moderate emaciation, pale musculature, bursal atrophy, and severe hemorrhagic enteritis due to a heavy proventricular and intestinal infection with Porrocaecum heteropterum nematodes. Fungal pneumonia and severe lymphoid depletion on thymus, spleen, and bursa were diagnosed by microscopic examination. Bursal lesions included apoptosis and necrosis of lymphoid cells, and several cystic follicles. The presence of severe lymphoid depletion associated with fungal pneumonia and severe external and internal parasite infections suggest the presence of an immunosuppressive syndrome in these birds that caused the death of several black-faced ibis juveniles in southern Chile during the summer of 2011.
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PMID:Immunosuppressive syndrome in juvenile black-faced ibises (Theristicus melanopis melanopis) in southern Chile. 2305 Apr 84

The objective of the present report was to review briefly the potentially community-acquired Acinetobacter baumannii infections, to update information on the reservoirs of A. baumannii outside the hospital, and to consider their potential interactions with human infections. Most reports on potentially community-acquired A. baumannii have been published during the last 15 years. They concern community-acquired pneumonia, infections in survivors from natural disasters, and infected war wounds in troops from Iraq and Afghanistan. Although the existence of extra-hospital reservoirs of A. baumannii has long been disputed, the recent implementation of molecular methods has allowed the demonstration of the actual presence of this organism in various environmental locations, in human carriage, in pets, slaughter animals, and human lice. Although the origin of the A. baumannii infections in soldiers injured in Southwestern Asia is difficult to determine, there are some arguments to support the involvement of extra-hospital reservoirs in the occurrence of community-acquired infections. Overall, the emergence of community-acquired A. baumannii infections could be associated with interactions between animals, environment, and humans that are considered to be potentially involved in the emergence or re-emergence of some infectious diseases.
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PMID:Reservoirs of Acinetobacter baumannii outside the hospital and potential involvement in emerging human community-acquired infections. 2367 81

Myiasis; is defined as the infestation of dead or living tissues of humans and animals by the diptera larvae. It is prevalent all over the world, especially in tropical and subtropical countries with low socioeconomic status. Myiasis of humans has been associated with low socioeconomic status, alcoholism, mental or neurological diseases, poor personal hygiene, patients with varicose veins, diabetes, malnutrition, advanced stage cancer, pediculosis, immunosuppression, sexually transmitted disease, gingivitis and other oral cavity lesions. Myiasis is most commonly seen as skin invasion in the human body, but can be observed in many areas such as eye, ear, nose, throat, urogenital, intestinal, cerebral and tracheopulmonary. Tracheo pulmonary myiasis is a very rare condition. This report presents a case of pneumonia-associated sepsis in a patient with a tracheostomy accompanied by third-stage larval Sarcophagidae. A 51-year-old male patient developed hypoxic brain injury after myocardial infarction 10 months ago before his admission to the hospital. Tracheostomy and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy were performed. Shortness of breath and fever were present for five days. The patient has been admitted to the emergency service with the reason for the deterioration of the general situation. The patient was unconscious. Purulent secretion in the tracheostomy area and bilateral crepitation rales in the lung bases were detected. Leukocyte level was normal with C reactive protein (CRP) 14 mg/dl. Nodular infiltration was detected bilaterally in the middle and lower zones, more prominently in the right thoracic computerized tomography. Seftriaxon, moxifloxacin and fluid therapy were initiated in the patient who was admitted with pneumonia-related sepsis diagnosis. The tracheostomy cannula has changed. On the fourth day of admission, Sarcophagidae third stage larvae were detected in deep tracheal aspiration. Treatment of piperacillin/tazobactam and teicoplanin was started by discontinuing the current antibiotherapy of the patient who had no clinical response and elevated CRP level, 18 mg/dl. The patient was discharged on the 25th day of hospitalization with improved clinical and laboratory responses. Complete healing was observed in the control performed by the home care unit. Bed-dependent, lack of self-care, and poor tracheostomy hygiene were risk factors for this patient. In this case, fluid therapy and antibiotic treatment for sepsis was given but no treatment for myiasis. Larva has been considered to have prepared a base for pneumonia due to the foreign body effect and secretion accumulation. Untreated injuries, especially those with impaired oxygenation, leave the eggs of adult flies and provide a suitable environment for larval development. Therefore, should be given importance to combat with flies and regular tracheostomy care in bedside and tracheostomized patients.
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PMID:[Case of pneumonia associated sepsis accompaning pulmonary myiasis]. 3052 29