Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixty-two patients with pulmonary metastases from a variety of primary malignant neoplasms were treated with total-lung irradiation. The incidence of radiation pneumonitis was 21%(13/62) overall, rising to 23% (9/39) in those receiving a tumor dose of 1,500 rads or more. Nine patients with radiation pneumonitis were given chemotherapy (actinomycin D) together with irradiation, and in this group the incidence of radiation pneumonitis was 25%. Five survivors, including 4 treated for metastatic Wilms' tumor, were treated more than 13 months prior to analysis without evidence of disease thus far. Total-lung irradiation for primary malignant neoplasms other than Wilms' tumor does not presently appear to be indicated. A dose of 1,500 rads in 2 weeks in conjunction with actinomycin D is recommended for metastatic Wilms' tumor.
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PMID:Total-lung irradiation in the treatment of pulmonary metastases. 16 12

In an unselected series of 49 children with Wilms' tumour treated in 1969-74 the 5-year relapse-free survival and survival rates were 78% and 81%, respectively, whereas in the series of children treated in 1963-68 the corresponding rates were 49% and 70%. The significant improvement in the relapse-free survival rate was a result of adjuvant treatment with actinomycin D and vincristine (AMD + VCR), which, in some patients, eradicated occult metastatic disease. In the treatment of lung metastases the combination of whole-lung irradiation and maintained chemotherapy with AMD + VCR proved excessively toxic: in 5 of 11 patients acute diffuse pneumonitis developed, and it was fatal in 3. Adjuvant AMD + VCR therapy is advocated in all patients with Wilms' tumour except children less than 12 months old with a tumour of moderate size, limited to the kidney and completely resectable.
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PMID:Wilms' tumour: adjuvant treatment with actinomycin D and vincristine. 17 90

Whole-lung irradiation in Wilms' Tumor patients has been given prophylactically and for treatment of metastasis. Thirty-three children with Wilm's tumor who have survived for 4 to 20 years from the time of diagnosis were avaiable for study. Whole-lung irradiation was given in doses from 1163 to 1370 rads (orthovoltage). Eighteen patients (Group N) received no irradiation to the lungs. The remaining 15 patients were divided according to whether pulmonary irradiation was given for metastatic disease (Group M--10 patients) or for prophylactic treatment (Group P--five patients). All but five patients in Group N received at least one course of actinomycin D. A routine set of pulmonary function tests was done to assess possible abnormalities of lung volume and the mechanics of breathing. Group N was normal. The findings in Group M suggested moderately reduced lung volumes and may have also reflected obstruction of the large airways and/or a limited expiratory effort. Group P had essentially normal lung volumes but also appeared to have obstruction of the larger airways. Abnormalities were generally not severe; only two patients, in Group M, were symptomatic. Excess irradiation, presence of metastatsis, additional lung irradiation, and pneumonitis may have contributed to morbidity.
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PMID:Pulmonary function in survivors of Wilm's tumor. Patterns of impairment. 18 Nov 23

On the second place in malignant diseases of children, after the leukemias, we could find the Wilms-Tumor. Of the 16 children we treated in the years from 1965 to 1977, 8 children died, 2 patients couldn't be any longer observed and 6 patients are still alive. 5 children of these have obtained now a relapse-free survival from 1 year and 2 months to 2 years and 7 months. We could see, that the prognosis depends only on the stage of the tumor and not on the age of patients. On 3 cases we will try to show, how difficult the diagnosis of the Wilms-Tumor is and how important it is, to treat resolutely pulmonary and liver metastases. As diagnostic methods were used i. v. P., the sonography and the selective renalangiography. Since 1976 our treatment consists of preoperative irradiation of tumors, nephrectomy, postoperative irradiation of tumor-bed and adjuvant chemotherapy (actinomycin D, vincristine and adriamycin). Pulmonary and liver metastases are a domain for chemotherapy, combined with irradiation (danger of pneumonitis and toxic hepatitis) and eventually a resection is necessary. Only the good cooperation of an oncologic team could achieve an improvement of the cure rate of this tumor, as we know from the American countries (survival 75%).
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PMID:[Diagnosis and therapy of Wilms' tumor based on a survey of 16 children with nephroblastoma]. 21 65

A case of bilateral aniridia, cataract and mental deficiency is described in a girl with an interstitial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 11. The child died of pneumonia and on autopsy bilateral gonadoblastoma was detected, but no Wilms' tumour. Partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 11 seems to be a clinically recognizable syndrome with aniridia, cataract and renal, gonadal or genital dysmorphogenesis.
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PMID:Aniridia, cataract and gonadoblastoma in a mentally retarded girl with deletion of chromosome II. A clinicopathological case report. 61 91

Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and DTIC was used in 102 evaluable patients under 15 years of age who had previously treated metastatic solid tumors. Responses, defined as 50% or more reduction in all tumor masses, occurred in 10 out of 27 patients with neuroblastoma, 3 out of 8 patients with Wilms tumor, 7 out 15 patients with Ewing sarcoma, 2 out of 6 patients with osteosarcoma, 5 out of 13 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, and 15 out of 33 patients with miscellaneous tumors which included a patient who had a complete regression of an extensive juvenile angiofibroma. Response rate to combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and DTIC in patients with Ewing sarcoma was significantly superior to the response rate obtained with adriamycin alone in another Southwest Oncology Group Study. Major toxicity included nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression, high incidence of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (5 patients) and congestive heart failure (4 patients). There was 7 drug-associated deaths due to sepsis (1), pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (4), and congestive heart failure (2).
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with adramycin (NSC-123127) and dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (DTIC) (NSC-45388) in children with metastatic solid tumors. 95 60

The Drash syndrome, the first case in Thailand is reported. The patient had male pseudohermaphrodite, Wilms' tumor of the left kidney and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Metastasis of Wilms' tumor was noted in the liver, omentum, pelvic peritoneum and vertebral body. Chemotherapy (actinomycin D, vincristine and dexamethasone) and local irradiation were given. The patient developed pneumonia, diarrhea and ended up with Steven-Johnson syndrome from Cotrimoxazole hypersensitivity.
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PMID:Wilms' tumor, male pseudohermaphroditism and glomerulonephritis: the Drash syndrome. First case report in Thailand and review the literatures. 132 48

Five years ago, the use of preoperative chemotherapy for Wilms' tumor was adopted at this institution. Thirty children ranging in age from 5 months to 9 years had histologically confirmed Wilms' tumor (needle biopsy, n = 26; open biopsy, n = 4). Stage was determined by chest and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan. Bilateral tumors were present in 6 children. All children received actinomycin D and vincristine from 3 weeks to 6 months before surgery. Seven children with bilateral tumors or stage IV disease also received adriamycin. CT-measured tumor masses shrunk in most cases. Subsequently, nephrectomy was performed in 23 patients and partial nephrectomy in 4, 2 of whom had bilateral disease. In 2 patients, residual bilateral well-differentiated epithelial tumor was not surgically resected. One child died before surgery. Reevaluation at delayed total or partial nephrectomy resulted in a downstaging of disease in 12 (41%). Further chemotherapy and radiation was based on the surgical stage. Postoperative chemotherapy (4 months to 2 years) was administered to all patients. The chest and/or abdomen were radiated in 12. Four patients (13%) died, 1 of radiation pneumonitis and 3 of the disease progression (2 with unfavorable histology, 1 of whom had bilateral disease). Two of 4 with unfavorable histology and 4 of 6 with stage IV disease have survived. It is concluded that this preoperative chemotherapy protocol is as effective as the National Wilms' Tumor Study (NWTS) protocol. The treated tumor is smaller, less friable, and easier to remove. Furthermore, because of downstaging, less radiation is necessary for cure.
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PMID:Preoperative chemotherapy for children with Wilms' tumor. 165 9

Forty-two cases with Wilms' tumor encountered in the National Taiwan University Hospital from 1978 through 1989 were retrospectively reviewed. Included were 19 boys and 23 girls, with an age range at diagnosis from 7 days to 10 years; a majority were in the first 6 years of life. The presenting symptoms and signs included: abdominal mass (89.2%), hypertension (57.9%), hematuria (28.2%), gastrointestinal symptoms (26.3%), fever (24.3%), and body weight loss (21.6%). The initial laterality of tumor was 28 right and 14 left, with one contralateral and one ipsilateral relapse. One extrarenal Wilms' tumor (right inguinal lymph nodes) was encountered. Every case was confirmed by pathology. Histologic findings included typical Wilms' tumor (35/42), rhabdoid (3/42), anaplastic (3/42), and clear cell (1/42) types. The common sites of metastasis were lung, liver and bone. Major complications during or following therapy were severe pancytopenia, ileus, sepsis or pneumonia, delayed wound healing and tumor rupture with hemorrhage. Rare complications included irradiation hepatitis (venooclusive disease) and colitis. There were 20 deaths. The causes of death were respiratory or hepatic failure due to tumor metastasis, sepsis and internal hemorrhage. Mortality (19/20) usually occurred within two years after diagnosis and therapy. The two-year's relapse-free survival and two-year's survival rates were 51.2% and 53.7%, respectively.
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PMID:Clinical observation of Wilms' tumor. 217 35

To focus attention on the problem of infant mortality in Lebanon, data were compiled on infant mortality from 1978 to 1986 at the American University of Beirut Medical Center. Causes of death are analyzed for 602 males and 398 females. 54.9% deaths occurred at 1 month of age and 77.4% died within the 1st year. Autopsies were performed on .7%. 37.7% of all neonatal deaths were due to neonatal diseases such as hyaline membrane disease, asphyxia neonatorum, immaturity, necrotizing enterocolitis, hemorrhage, hemolysis, meconium aspiration, and kernicterus. Better prenatal care would reduce this group, or the administration of corticosteroids to the mother 24-48 hours prior to delivery, as well as rapid resuscitation at birth and prevention of the 5 curses: hypoxemia, hypoglycemia, hypothermia, hypotension, and acidosis. Although unavailable in Lebanon, administration of surfactants through an endotracheal tube would also help. Infections constitute 25.1% of deaths; many are preventable through adequate public health measures and strict personal hygiene, i.e., diseases such as sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, gastroenteritis, hepatitis, encephalitis, and 1-2 cases of the following: diphtheria, measles, peritonitis, tetanus, tuberculosis, cytomegalis inclusion, herpes, parathyphoid, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and shigellosis. Congenital diseases were 21.6%. In utero diagnosis could prevent some diseases and in utero treatment is possible for hydrocephalus and hydronephrosis. Screening programs postnatally could lead to treatment. 5.9% were malignancies such as leukemia, lymphoma, brain tumors, histocytosis, Wilm's tumor, Ewing sarcoma, and Hodgkin's disease. Early diagnosis is critical if mortality is to be reduced in this group, but medical advances are still needed. 2.9% are miscellaneous diseases such as poisoning, rheumatic diseases, marasmus, Reye's syndrome, nephrosis, rickets, and epilepsy. Most of these diseases are preventable, except for rheumatic inflammation of the heart. Recommended necessary steps to reduce infant mortality are: prenatal care, diagnosis and screening, intrauterine surgery; resuscitation and intensive care centers with modern equipment and trained personnel; national vaccination and screening programs; adequate public health measures and hygiene; parental education; and well-equipped hospitals to serve all regardless of income level.
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PMID:Pediatric mortality: an avoidable tragedy. 251 28


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