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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Preclinical and clinical studies of clindamycin-2-phosphate developed as an infectable were conducted, and the following results were obtained: 1) Clindamycin-2-phosphate administered by the intravenous drip in a dose of 600 mg over one hour showed a peak blood clindamycin level of 10.5 mcg/ml at the end of administration. Though the blood level then decreased rapidly, it stayed at 0.7 mcg/ml at 8 hours later. 2) The blood level of clindamycin following intramuscular injection of 300 mg of clindamycin-2-phosphate reached a peak of 3.3 mcg/ml at one hour later. The blood level of 6 hours after injection was 1.0 mcg/ml. 3) Clindamycin-2-phosphate 300 mg was given intramuscularly 2 to 4 times daily for 5 approximately 14 days in 4 cases of pneumonia. The drug proved effective in two cases of pneumonia due to Mycoplasma; fairly effective in another case of mixed infection caused by pneumococci, Hemophilus and N. meningitidis; and ineffective in the fourth case of infection due to Hemophilus parainfluenzae. 4) No such adverse reactions as hepatic disorder, renal disorder and colitis were noted following administration of clindamycin-2-phosphate.
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PMID:[Preclinical and clinical studies of clindamycin-2-phosphate (author's transl)]. 83 43

A patient who developed who developed a protracted illness following severe mycoplasma pneumonia is described. The acute phase of the infection was complicated by myocarditis and haemolytic anaemia. The respiratory symptoms abated and lung function tests improved with the administration of systemic and inhaled corticosteroids.
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PMID:Severe mycoplasma pneumonia. 84 28

Experimental infections were applied to specific pathogen free (SPF) piglets and store pigs, using five haemophilus (H.) parahaemolyticus and two H.-parasuis strains. Different germs counts and modes of application were chosen for each of the animals involved (intratracheal, intranasal, and subcutaneous routes). Clinical and pathologico-anatomic changes typical of haemorrhagic-necrotising pleuropneumonia were obtained from all germ counts and methods of application. Only one of the test animals could be successfully infected to exhibit manifestations of pneumonia or serositis when H. parasuis was used. The high pathogenicity of H. parahaemolyticus, as recorded from the above experiments, was in agreement with the growing incidence of that haemophilosis recordable for some time from pig stock.
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PMID:[Contribution to the experimental haemophilus infection (haemophilus parahemolyticus, haemophilus parasuis) in specific pathogen-free piglets. 1. microbiology, experimental arrangement, results]. 84 2

Tetracycline is expected to be as effective as erythromycin in the treatment of pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae. In this clinical trial 12 cases with pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae were given doxycycline (Vibramycin "Pfizer'), a long-acting derivative of tetracycline. Judging from time periods required for defervescence, improvement in symptoms such as cough and disappearance of shadows on chest X-ray, the therapeutic effect of doxycycline was excellent in 8 cases and good in 4 cases.
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PMID:[The therapeutic effect of doxycycline (Vibramycin) on pneumonia due to mycoplasma pneumoniae (author's transl)]. 85 69

Long-term surveillance of pneumonia in a group that received prepaid medical care disclosed five cases of pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae that recurred in immunocompetent persons after a lapse of two and one-half to 10 years. Diagnosis was confirmed by isolation of M. pneumoniae, by observation of changes in titer of antibody, and by chest films. In addition, a patient with a variable immunodeficiency syndrome that affected the bone marrow-derived (B-) cell system had recurrent infection with M. pneumoniae within a one-year interval. Naturally acquired immunity to infection with M. pneumoniae appears to be of limited duration.
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PMID:Second attacks of pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae. 85 21

An epizootic of pneumonia in 20 captive Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) is described. The sheep were maintained in large paddocks for about 9 months after which, in the late summer, the entire herd died within a three week period. Large numbers of Muellerius adults, eggs and larvae were in the lungs of all sheep. First stage larvae were widely disseminated throughout the lungs and apparently elicited a granulomatous pneumonia. Pasteurella sp. and other bacteria were isolated from the lungs of several sheep but no Chlamydia, Mycoplasma or viral agents were recovered. Elevated serum fibrinogen levels and normal leukocyte values were found in blood samples taken from several sheep 7-14 days prior to death.
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PMID:An epizootic of pneumonia in captive bighorn sheep infected with Muellerius sp. 86 43

Formalin-inactivated Mycoplasma pneumoniae vaccine was administered subcutaneously or intranasally to hamsters to examine the effect of route of administration on immunogenicity and protective effect. Parenterally administered vaccine in the doses employed induced serum complement-fixing antibody formation, but did not significantly decrease the frequency of pneumonia following challenge with virulent M. pneumoniae. Intranasally instilled vaccine was ineffective in stimulating serum antibody, but did diminish the frequency of experimentally induced pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae. However, a greater degree of resistance was induced by intranasal infection with either wild-type organisms or the ts 640 attenuated mutant of M. pneumoniae.
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PMID:Immunoprophylaxis of experimental Mycoplasma pneumoniae disease: effect of route of administration on the immunogenicity and protective effect of inactivated M. pneumoniae vaccine. 87 18

Between August 1974 and October 1975 78 patients with mycoplasma-pneumonia-infection were admitted to the 3 pediatric clinics of Hannover. Their clinical and radiological findings were studied. 20 patients with serological diagnosis of additional viral infection were not included in this study. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by complement fixation test. The commonest symptoms were fever, coughing and abnormal auscultatory findings over the lungs. Chest roentgenograms showed three different patterns of infiltration: 1. Disseminated, non homogenous bronchial lines and mottled shadows often with swollen hilar lymphnodes in 46% of all patients.--2. Homogenous, extensive, opaque infiltrates in 29% of all patients.--3. Perivascular and peribronchial infiltrates at the hilus with or without swollen lymphnodes in 21% of all patients.--This means that in half of the patients abnormal signs in chestroentgenogram (type 2 and 3) were present, which formerly were described as "atypical pneumonia."--4. There were no radiological symptoms in 4% of the patients.--Those who were treated with tetracyclin or erythromycin became afebrile within 1--3 days, in those who didn't get antibiotics at all or were treated with other antibiotics fever lasted longer.
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PMID:[Clinical and radiological findings in 78 children during the 1974/75 mycoplasma-pneumonia-epidemic (author's transl)]. 88 3

A prospective study on consecutively hospitalized pneumonia patients showed that 41.5% of 58 patients had a fourfold rise in the complement-fixation titer for Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Viral isolation techniques and serologic tests for influenza A1, A2 and B, parainfluenza 1 and 3, respiratory syncytial virus and the adeno virus group yielded only a single positive isolate for influenza A2. Serologic tests for melioidosis, leptospirosis, scrub, murine and epidemic typhus and psittacosis were all negative. The clinical manifestations were not distinctive for the positive M. pneumoniae patients when compared with the patients having a negative M. pneumoniae complement-fixation test. The symptoms and signs and laboratory and radiologic findings were similar to those described in other reports on primary atypical pneumonia.
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PMID:Mycoplasma pneumonia: a study on hospitalized American patients with pneumonia in Vietnam. 88 14

The protective efficacy of a formalin-inactivated Mycoplasma pneumoniae vaccine was evaluated in a double-blind fashion in 7,861 Marine Corps recruits at Parris Island, South Carolina. Vaccine, administered in a 1-ml dose by a jet-injection device, was glass-grown and contained 264 microgram of protein nitrogen/ml. Phosphate-buffered saline with formalin was injected as a control. Systemic reactions to injection were similar in both groups, but the percentage of vaccinees with erythema (51%) and induration (52%) at 24 hr was significantly greater than the percentage of controls (2%) with these reaction (P less than 0.001). Twenty-one (0.5%) of 3,930 vaccinees and 43 (1.1%) of the 3.931 placebo recipients were hospitalized with pneumonia (chi2=7.61; P less than 0.01). Ten of 21 vaccinees and seven of 43 controls with pneumonia had a positive pharyngeal culture for M. pneumoniae (chi2=1.69; P =0.20), and fourfold rises in titer of serum antibody were noted in five of 14 vaccinees and in 15 of 28 placebo recipients with pneumonia (chi2=7.90; P less 0.0005). Therefore, vaccine efficacy for M. pneumoniae-specific pneumonia was 42% as determined by cultures and 67% by serologic tests. The vaccine showed no protective efficacy for M. pneumoniae-specific bronchitis or for M. pneumoniae pharyngeal carriage in recrutis in training.
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PMID:Protective efficacy of an inactivated Mycoplasma pneumoniae vaccine. 89 86


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