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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Antibody response to pneumococcal type-specific polysaccharide was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The test was shown to be up to 500 times more sensitive than indirect hemagglutination using chromic chloride-treated red blood cells. In 16/17 patients with pneumococcal pneumonia a significant antibody increase was seen as measured with ELISA. Only 6/23 patients with pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae gave a pneumococcal antibody rise and in those cases the increase was very slight. The authors consider ELISA a valuable contribution to the serological diagnosis of pneumococcal disease.
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PMID:Serological diagnosis of pneumococcal disease with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 3 Sep 91

In 23 out of 290 perinatal deaths in Addis Ababa, mycoplasma T strains were the only organisms responsible for congenital pneumonia and death. All but 2 of the infants were stillborn, 16 dying during the last six weeks of gestation. Infections apparently occurred through intact fetal membranes.
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PMID:Mycoplasma T strains and perinatal death. 5 32

Over a six-month period we studied 74 adult Nigerians who presented consecutively to Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, with lobar or segmental pneumonia. Pneumococcal infection was diagnosed in 50% by the detection of pneumococcal polysaccharide antigen in serum or purulent sputum: 24% had pneumococcal antigenaemia. Twelve patients had evidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and half of these also had pneumococcal infection. The suggestion that M pneumoniae respiratory infection may predispose to serious bacterial pneumonia is discussed. The initial clinical and radiological features were similar in the pneumococcal and M pneumoniae groups. Raised cold agglutinin titres were not a reliable indication of M pneumoniae infection, perhaps due to altered autoantibody production in Nigerians. Pneumonia was commoner in the dry season, probably related to depressed nasopharyngeal defences caused by drying. Less common causes of lobar pneumonia that were found are also discussed and no cases of legionnaires' disease were identified.
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PMID:Mycoplasma pneumoniae and the aetiology of lobar pneumonia in northern Nigeria. 12 Jun 16

An 11-year-old girl who presented with pneumonia, pleural effusion, hematuria, and red blood cell casts is described. Mycoplasma pneumoniae complement fixation titers were elevated. The pneumonia resolved following therapy with tetracycline. Light microscopy of renal biopsy tissue revealed an acute glomerulonephritis; immunofluorescent studies showed deposits of IgG, C3 and mycoplasma antigen along the glomerular capillary walls and in the mesangium; subendothelial and subepithelial deposits were seen by electron microscopy. This is the first report of acute glomerulonephritis associated with M. pneumoniae infection with evidence of mycoplasma-induced immune complex nephritis.
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PMID:Mycoplasma pneumonia associated with acute glomerulonephritis. 15 13

401 cases of viral pneumonia diagnosed between January 1973 and August 1975 were investigated serologically by the complement-fixation test. The percentage distribution of the responsible pathogenic organism in this series of cases was as follows: influenza virus A 45.9%, Mycoplasma pneumoniae 19.5%, Coxsackie B viruses 9.2%, cytomegalovirus 7.5% and Chlamydia psittaci 8.5%. The remaining 9.4% cases were caused by adeno, parainfluenza, measles, influenza B, herpes simplex and respiratory syncytial viruses. Influenza virus was found mainly in elderly people (mean age 58.4 years), whilst pneumonia due to Mycoplasma occurred mainly in young adults (mean age 24.4 years). Infections with Coxsackie B viruses were almost entirely restriced to the warmer months; by contrast, the influenza virus was usually found in epidemic form and only during a few weeks in winter.
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PMID:[Aetiological studies on viral pneumonia (author's transl)]. 18 13

The effect of pneumonia induced by Mycoplasma pulmonis in mice on the resistance of the lung to additional bacterial infection was examined. The effect of pneumonia induced by Sendai virus on the resistance of mice to M. pulmonis was also investigated and compared with the effect of Sendai virus on resistance to Staphylococcus aureus. Sendai virus infection decreased subsequent resistance to M. pulmonis in proportion to the virus dose. Decreased resistance to subsequent S. aureus and M. pulmonis infection was greatest at about the same time after inoculation of virus and was related to virus-induced lesions. Besides affecting the resistance of mice to subsequent mycoplasma infection, Sendai virus could enhance an existing mycoplasma infection. Pneumonia induced by M. pulmonis did not decrease resistance to subsequent bacterial infection. The mechanism whereby Sendai virus decreases host resistance is therefore similar for bacteria and mycoplasmas, but pneumonia induced by mycoplasmas does not have the same effect.
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PMID:The effect of pneumonia induced in mice with Mycoplasma pulmonis on resistance to subsequent bacterial infection and the effect of a respiratory infection with Sendai virus on the resistance of mice to Mycoplasma pulmonis. 21 2

In 47 of 50 outbreaks of respiratory disease in indoor calves which had never been to grass there was clinical evidence of pneumonia in all animals examined. Calf housing was in most cases considered unsatisfactory. Virus activity was detected in 70 per cent of outbreaks investigated within a few days post onset of respiratory signs. Parainfluenza (PI) 3 and respiratory syncitial virus (RSV) were the viruses most frequently involved. In the majority of outbreaks Mycoplasma species and Pasteurella multocida were present in the upper respiratory tract of affected calves.
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PMID:Observations on outbreaks of respiratory disease in housed calves--(1) Epidemiological, clinical and microbiological findings. 21 82

Cytomegalic cells with intranuclear inclusions were identified in lung tissue from one of two weanling Western lambs with pneumonia and Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae infection. On the basis of light and electron microscopy, cytomegalovirus infection was diagnosed. Arrays of viral particles whose morphology was consistent with that of viruses of the herpes group were in the intranuclear inclusions of cytomegalic cells.
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PMID:Ovine pulmonary cytomegalovirus. 22 35

The virulence of five strains of Mycoplasma pulmonis, as judged by their ability to survive in the respiratory tract and induce pneumonia in CBA mice, was related to the ability of viable organisms to persist in the peritoneal cavity. This appeared to be the result of differences in the ability of the strains to resist killing by peritoneal macrophages in vivo. It is suggested that resistance to phagocytosis by macrophages is an important determinant of virulence for M. pulmonis.
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PMID:Variation in the virulence of strains of Mycoplasma pulmonis related to susceptibility to killing by macrophages in vivo. 23 25

Mycoplasma salivarium was recovered from the blood of a five-year-old girl who had leukemia and subsequently developed pneumonitis. The patient's pneumonitis failed to respond to nafcillin, a cell-wall-active antibiotic, but eventually she recovered from the pneumonia after a regimen of erythromycin. Sputum, oropharyngeal, and nasopharyngeal cultures revealed normal bacterial flora; a blood culture was negative for bacteria. Throat and sputum cultures were negative for mycoplasma; however, M salivarium was recovered from the patient's blood. The patient had a cold hemagglutinin titer of 1:250.
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PMID:Mycoplasma salivarium in the blood of a child with leukemia. 28 39


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