Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four patients with common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA)-positive myeloma are presented. The subclasses of monoclonal protein were IgD kappa (1 case), IgA lambda (1 case), and IgA kappa (2 cases). Bence Jones proteinuria was seen in all cases. The clinical stages were determined as IIA (2 cases) and IIIA (2 cases). All patients died with a median survival time after diagnosis of 62 days due to rapid development of renal failure (3 cases), and renal insufficiency and pneumonia (1 case). According to light microscopic evaluation, these myelomas corresponded to plasmablastic (1 case), immature (2 cases), and intermediate (1 case) types. Both CALLA and a cytoplasmic immunoglobulin identical with the serum monoclonal protein were simultaneously detected in single cells from all cases using immunofluorescent double labeling. These findings suggest that CALLA-positive and plasma-blastic myelomas constitute clinically a subgroup characterized by extremely poor survival but they represent cytologically different subcategories.
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PMID:Clinical features of common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA)-positive myeloma: report of four cases. 252 31

Ten patients with plasma cell leukaemia (PCL), out of 259 cases of multiple myeloma diagnosed in the Haematology Service of the University Hospital of Barcelona in the last 18 years, are presented. Of the 10 PCL cases, 5 were primary and 5 were secondary. Anaemia and thrombocytopenia, along with massive plasma cell infiltration of the bone marrow, were the most striking findings. Osteolytic lesions were present in 9 of the cases and liver involvement in two. Chemotherapy including vincristine and prednisone was administered to eight patients, associated to alkylating agents (melphalan and/or cyclophosphamide) in six of them. Four of these patients received also adriamycin and BCNU. Two objective responses were achieved, lasting for 10 and 3 months, the remaining six patients failed to respond. The median survival for all the PCL patients was less than one month (ranging between 0.2 and 14 months). None of the secondary PCL patients survived for 2 months after diagnosis. Infection (3 cases of septicaemia and 3 of pneumonia), renal failure (2 cases) and liver insufficiency (1 case) were the causes of death in the nine deceased patients. The therapeutic possibilities for this severe haemopathy are discussed.
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PMID:[Plasma cell leukemia. Study of 10 cases]. 265 43

A case of acute interstitial pneumonia with hypoxaemia is described; this occurred after the cessation of cortico steroids in a patient suffering from myeloma treated with melphalan. The absence of any microbes and the lymphocytosis in the bronchoalveolar lavage and the rapid and favourable improvement on cortico steroids led to a diagnosis of melphalan induced pneumonia. This acute form is probably due to a hypersensitivity mechanism and should be distinguished from the majority of cases of sub-acute fibrosing pneumonitis due to melphalan which have been published before. Urgent treatment with glucocorticoids is justified as well as the immediate and final cessation of the medication responsible, because it is this which will affect prognosis.
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PMID:[Acute, reversible, interstitial pneumopathy induced by melphalan]. 269 Feb 10

A prospective, 1-year study was performed to determine the causes of an ESR greater than or equal to 100 in patients admitted to a general medical ward in Harare, Zimbabwe. An ESR greater than or equal to 100 was found in 101 (12%) patients. Infection (46 patients) was the commonest cause, followed by malignancy (25), connective tissue disease (17), renal disease (8) and liver disease (5). The frequency of an ESR greater than or equal to 100 in these diagnostic groups was infection (28%), malignancy (44%), connective tissue disease (71%), renal disease (30%) and liver disease (24%). Pneumonia was the commonest infection diagnosed and the commonest cause of a markedly elevated ESR. Although myeloma was only the second commonest malignancy diagnosed it was the commonest malignancy causing an ESR greater than or equal to 100. In the largest group, infection, there was a significantly increased mortality in patients with an ESR greater than or equal to 100.
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PMID:Extreme elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in patients admitted to a general medical ward in Harare, Zimbabwe. 276 Sep 68

A case of a 70 years old female who developed multiple myeloma during a course of neutrophilia, and later on terminated with acute monocytic leukemia (AML, M 5 b) following Melphalan therapy for five years is reported. This patient was first found to have neutrophilia in 1966, After six years, she developed monoclonal gammopathy, (IgG1 kappa type) which coexisted with the neutrophilia. She was put on Melphalan regimen for 5 years which was discontinued due to anemia, leukocytopenia and the reduction of serum IgG. By routine bone marrow examination, she was diagnosed as AMoL (AML, M 5 b) in July 1984. Thereafter, a combination chemotherapy of BH-AC, 6-MP and prednisolone was started and complete remission for the AMoL was achieved after 2 months. Sixteen months later, she relapsed and a similar combination chemotherapy for reinduction regimen was administered. However, the AMoL was resistant and after 7 months, she died of pneumonia and multiple organ failure. The association of neutrophilia with multiple myeloma, the occurrence of AMoL after prolonged Melphalan therapy for the multiple myeloma and the strategy of therapy for secondary leukemia is discussed.
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PMID:[Multiple myeloma following chronic neutrophilia terminated with acute monocytic leukemia (AML, M 5 b)]. 279 4

Seven patients with advanced multiple myeloma, refractory to therapy with alkylating agent-VAD (vincristine-adriamycin-dexamethasone), received a regimen combining high-dose melphalan with total body irradiation supported by autologous bone marrow transplantation. Very rapid, usually greater than 90% tumor mass reduction was achieved in six patients, regardless of prior chemotherapy responsiveness and marrow plasmacytosis up to 30%. Despite signs of early relapse in three patients (median remission duration of all patients, 15 months), five remain alive and well without further cytotoxic therapy from 2 to 21 months (median, 9+ months). Two patients died, one from surgical complications after transplantation and a second due to persistent neutropenia with fatal pneumonia. This treatment provides meaningful disease control for selected patients with resistant myeloma and a poor prognosis.
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PMID:High-dose chemoradiotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation for resistant multiple myeloma. 330 65

The clinical and diagnostic features of 29 adult patients with H. influenzae septic arthritis are reviewed. Twelve men and 17 women ranging in age from 22 to 82 years developed the infection. H. influenzae septic arthritis is an acute, febrile disease with a mean duration of symptoms before diagnosis of 4 days. Fifteen patients had monoarticular arthritis, 6 with an infected knee. Polyarticular involvement, with a range of 2 to 9 joints, was diagnosed in 14 patients. Nineteen patients had concurrent extraarticular sites of infection, including meningitis, pneumonia, pharyngitis, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, and cellulitis. Twenty-two of 29 patients had predisposing factors for infection, including ethanolism, trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetes mellitus, splenectomy, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, gout, and acquired common variable hypogammaglobulinemia. Characteristic synovial fluid findings included purulent, greenish fluid, elevated WBC count, and gram-negative pleomorphic microorganisms. Treatment for these patients included antibiotic therapy, most often ampicillin and chloramphenicol, and joint drainage by repeated arthrocentesis or arthrotomy. A favorable outcome was reported in 25 of 29 patients. Hemophilus influenzae septic arthritis should be suspected in adults who are immunocompromised and have a concurrent extraarticular source of infection.
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PMID:Hemophilus influenzae septic arthritis in adults. A report of four cases and a review of the literature. 348 37

Therapeutic effects on cefmenoxime hemihydrochloride (CMX, Bestcall), a new synthetic cephem antibiotic, were examined in the treatment of various infections complicated with hematological diseases. The number of patients treated with CMX was 37 including 5 cases of sepsis or suspected sepsis, 14 cases of pneumonia or suspected pneumonia, 5 cases of upper respiratory diseases, 2 cases of urinary tract infections and 11 cases of other infections. All of these infections were complicated with hematological diseases: Acute leukemia, 13 cases; chronic myelocytic leukemia, 1 case; adult T cell leukemia, 3 cases; malignant lymphoma, 8 cases; Hodgkin's disease, 2 cases and myeloma, 3 cases. CMX were administered by a single intravenous injection or by a drip infusion. The dose was between 2 and 6 grams per day. Good to excellent clinical results were obtained in 25 out of 37 cases, total effective rate of 67.6%. No clinical side effects or abnormal laboratory findings attributable to CMX were observed except for light diarrhea in 2 cases. By the clinical investigation, it was demonstrated that CMX was one of safe and effective antibiotics for treating infections in the compromised hosts complicated with hematological diseases.
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PMID:[Clinical investigation of the therapeutic effects of cefmenoxime in the treatment of infections complicated by hematological diseases]. 348 22

The Seattle Marrow Transplant Team treated about 130 patients (age 4-68 yr) for hematologic cancer with supralethal chemoradiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from the normal genetically identical twin. The procedure was well tolerated. The principal problem was tumor resistance. Nevertheless, BMT for acute leukemia in relapse still cured about 20% of the patients. Moreover, BMT performed while in complete remission cured about 50% of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia or acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Sixteen patients received transplantation in the chronic phase of Ph1+ chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL). All showed disappearance of all Ph1+ cells. Two died of pneumonitis. Of the 14 who are alive, 3 continue to have CGL 37-76 months after BMT and 11 remain in complete hematologic and cytogenetic remission without any Ph1+ metaphases at 31-108 months (median = 68) after BMT. Thus the Ph1-positive clone can be ablated and blast crisis prevented. BMT in the accelerated or blastic phase was far less effective. Syngeneic BMT also benefited or cured patients with lymphoma, hairy-cell leukemia, and multiple myeloma. Therefore, BMT should be considered for every patient who has a hematologic cancer and an identical twin.
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PMID:Identical-twin (syngeneic) marrow transplantation for hematologic cancers. 352 68

In analyzing U.S. cancer mortality from 1933 to 1978, Doll and Peto speculated that recently recorded increases in mortality among those over age 64 were likely to be artifacts, reflecting deaths previously misattributed to such causes as nonspecific cancer, pneumonia, and senility and other ill-defined causes. We test this hypothesis by examining some age-specific, cause-specific mortality in persons 35 to 84 for the period of the 8-ICDA, 1968-1978, which corresponds to the last eleven years of the period studied by Doll and Peto. Our analysis reveals increasing trends in mortality from lung cancer, brain cancer and multiple myeloma in older whites and nonwhites along with increases in several potentially miscoded causes of death from 1968 to 1978. Thus, these increasing cancers in the elderly cannot be explained solely as artifacts. Further studies of trends in site-specific cancer mortality should include age groups through at least age 85. Continued monitoring of site-specific cancer mortality patterns, particularly among the elderly, remains crucial for developing preventive strategies to reduce cancers.
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PMID:Increasing trends in some cancers in older Americans: fact or artifact? 378 41


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