Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The cultural, biochemical characteristics and antibiotic sensitivity of strains of Pseudomonas pseudomallei isolated from four cases of melioidosis admitted to Ramathibodi Hospital are described. The organisms were gram-negative bacilli often with bipolar staining. The colonies were wrinkled when incubated for long periods. The characteristic non-specific uptake of dye from media into the colonies and their musty or earthy odour rendered them easily distinguishable from other organisms. All strains were sensitive to chloramphenicol and all but one were sensitive to tetracycline. All strains were resistant to colimycin and gentamicin. The pathogenicity of the strain isolated from a fatal case of peritonitis was studied in guinea pigs. The findings showed that following a large inoculation intraperitoneally, the animal developed acute septicaemia and died shortly afterwards. Only a few micro-abscesses were found on the surface of the liver. Chronic infection of longer duration occurred when a small number of organisms were introduced through a cutaneous abrasion. The lesions included pneumonitis and multiple abscesses of various organs including subcutaneous tissue, liver, spleen and mediastinum.
 ...
PMID:Pseudomonas pseudomallei: II. Laboratory and experimental studies in animals. 4 30

A prospective study on consecutively hospitalized pneumonia patients showed that 41.5% of 58 patients had a fourfold rise in the complement-fixation titer for Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Viral isolation techniques and serologic tests for influenza A1, A2 and B, parainfluenza 1 and 3, respiratory syncytial virus and the adeno virus group yielded only a single positive isolate for influenza A2. Serologic tests for melioidosis, leptospirosis, scrub, murine and epidemic typhus and psittacosis were all negative. The clinical manifestations were not distinctive for the positive M. pneumoniae patients when compared with the patients having a negative M. pneumoniae complement-fixation test. The symptoms and signs and laboratory and radiologic findings were similar to those described in other reports on primary atypical pneumonia.
 ...
PMID:Mycoplasma pneumonia: a study on hospitalized American patients with pneumonia in Vietnam. 88 14

Two cases of childhood melioidosis in conjunction with five from the literature are presented. Although most reported cases come from Southeast Asia, importation into the United States by travelers and military personnel has occurred. The course of the disease may be acute or chronic; the onset is generally with fever and pneumonia. Melioidosis should be considered in any patient with pneumonia who has returned recently from an endemic area.
 ...
PMID:Melioidosis in childhood. 115 35

Ultrasonography revealed evidence of liver abscess in 126 patients who were admitted to one hospital in northeastern Thailand over a 3-year period. There were 50 cases for which a pyogenic bacterial etiology was confirmed; 34 cases (group 1) were caused by Pseudomonas pseudomallei (nine patients died) and 16 cases (group 2) were caused by other bacteria (two patients died). Melioidosis was associated with anemia and underlying diabetes or renal disease; right-upper-quadrant pain and jaundice were more common in group 2 (P less than .05). Blood cultures were positive for bacteria in 68% of group 1 and 50% of group 2. Chest radiographs revealed abnormalities in 17 of 30 group 1 patients and 6 of 12 group 2 patients. The radiographic appearances of a blood-borne pneumonia suggested melioidosis. The serum indirect hemagglutination assay for antibodies to P. pseudomallei was of limited value in differentiating the two types of abscesses. Multiple hypoechoic areas on ultrasonography were significantly associated with melioidosis (P less than .01); associated splenic abscess occurred in 19 group 1 patients but only one group 2 patient (2-107, 95% confidence interval; odds ratio, 19). In an area where P. pseudomallei is endemic, these characteristic ultrasonographic findings should prompt immediate treatment for melioidosis.
 ...
PMID:Pseudomonas pseudomallei liver abscesses: a clinical, laboratory, and ultrasonographic study. 155 25

Melioidosis is endemic in Singapore, with diagnosis dependent upon both bacteriological culture and serodiagnosis. Using the polysaccharide (melioidin)-sensitized turkey red cells in the indirect haemagglutination test (IHAT), 20 (100%) of the Pseudomonas pseudomallei culture-positive cases were detectable by the IHAT with titles ranging from 1:16 to 1:32, 768. Eight of these patients who died within a few days after the IHAT was performed had titres ranging from 1:16 to 1:1028. Five culture-negative patients, with clinical symptoms suggestive of melioidosis infection and who responded to treatment with ceftazidime, showed IHA titres between 1:64 and 1:8,192. One hundred and twenty one sera from patients with pneumonia, abscesses, or diabetes mellitus were IHAT negative. The IHAT showed good specificity since negative titres were seen in tests using sera from 2 patients with culture-positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 4 patients positive for Legionella. IHAT negative results were obtained from tests of 50 normal blood donors and 50 sewerage workers. Of 683 national servicemen tested, 5 (0.73%) had IHAT titres ranging from 1:16 to 1:128. Unlike hyperendemic areas such as Thailand where interpretation of IHAT is seriously hampered by IHA titres found in one-third to half of the population, serodiagnosis of melioidosis by the sensitive IHAT may be employed in Singapore as a routine procedure since background IHA titres are low.
 ...
PMID:Serodiagnosis of melioidosis in Singapore by the indirect haemagglutination test. 163 99

In a prospective study of all patients with Pseudomonas pseudomallei infections admitted to a large provincial hospital in northeastern Thailand, 63 cases of septicemic melioidosis and 206 patients with other community-acquired septicemias were documented during a 1-y period. Apart from P. pseudomallei, the spectrum of bacteria isolated from blood cultures and the overall mortality (32%) were similar to those previously reported elsewhere. Death from septicemia was associated with failure to develop a leukocytosis or pyrexia over 38 degrees C, azotemia, hypoglycemia, and jaundice. Septicemic melioidosis presented mainly in the rainy season, occurred predominantly in rice farmers or their families, and was significantly associated with preexisting diabetes mellitus or renal failure (P = .03). Blood-borne pneumonia and visceral abscesses were common and the mortality was high (68%; P less than .001). The response to appropriate treatment was slow (median fever clearance time 5.5 d) and the median duration of hospital stay was 4 w. Septicemic melioidosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in northeast Thailand.
 ...
PMID:Melioidosis: a major cause of community-acquired septicemia in northeastern Thailand. 270 42

Melioidosis is a long-known disease since 1912, but only quite recently we have obtained the knowledges about its actual clinical and epidemiological features. The disease is so unique in having a wide spectrum of disease course and clinical manifestation. The causative agent, P. pseudomallei, is free-living bacterium in the natural environments (soil and surface water) of tropical and subtropical areas. Just like legionnaires' disease, melioidosis is a good example of infectious disease in which pneumonia is produced by inhalation of contaminated soil dusts or water droplets. The infection becomes dormant for years, but with a chance of recrudescence under a variety of insults to the host resistance. The disease, may it be acute or chronic, will be symptomatically confused with malaria, typhoid fever, leptospirosis, septicemia caused by other gram-negative bacteria, tuberculosis and mycotic infections. Isolation of the causative agent from clinical specimens is the only reliable method for diagnosis. Because of the increasing clinical awareness and the development of diagnostic methods, the reported cases of melioidosis have numbered almost one thousand in Thailand during the past 20 years. This country has now the most ample clinical experiences on melioidosis. We have reviewed the history of melioidosis research from bacteriological, immunological, clinical and epidemiological viewpoints, especially including the recent reports in Thailand.
 ...
PMID:Pseudomonas pseudomallei and melioidosis, with special reference to the status in Thailand. 307 4

Eighteen cases of childhood melioidosis in Northeastern Thailand were reviewed. The mean age was 6.8 years with a range from eight months to 15 years. Twelve cases (66.7%) had localized melioidosis, six of which had pneumonia. Three patients were diagnosed as pharyngocervical melioidosis, the newly recognized syndrome. Nine cases (50.0%) had associated diseases including dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in five cases. In all five cases, melioidosis was diagnosed during the convalescent stage as a cause of pyrexia with or without pneumonia. Pseudomonas pseudomallei strains isolated from 12 patients were all sensitive to chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and kanamycin. Ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were also active against all six isolates tested. Three cases died, all were diagnosed as disseminated septicaemic melioidosis at postmortem. The overall mortality rate was 16.7%. The septicaemic form of melioidosis can resemble many diseases such as septicaemia due to Staphylococcus aureus or gram-negative organisms other than P. pseudomallei while the localized from may mimic pulmonary tuberculosis. A high index of clinical suspicion is required in making a diagnosis of melioidosis, particularly in areas where the disease is endemic.
 ...
PMID:Childhood melioidosis in northeastern Thailand. 322 8

A case is reported of a fifty-seven year old man with fever, who was admitted to hospital after a recent visit to Southeast Asia. Among the clinical findings prostatitis and broncho-pneumonia were noted. Within twenty-four hours irreversible fulminant sepsis developed although he was treated with cefotaxime, tobramycin and erythromycin. Post mortem Pseudomonas pseudomallei was cultured from blood and aspirate collected by bronchoscopy. It is important to consider melioidosis as a cause of septic illness in patients who have been visiting Southeast Asia.
 ...
PMID:Septic melioidosis after a visit to Southeast Asia. 380 77

Septicaemia due to Pseudomonas pseudomallei was found in five patients; it complicated pneumonia in three. Four patients were old and had diabetes mellitus; the fifth patient, though young, was immunocompromised by steroid therapy. The clinical features were indistinguishable from those of other Gram-negative septicaemia. Four of the patients died. This was the first report of septicaemic melioidosis in Hong Kong where the disease might be endemic. Soil sampling and serological survey gave further supporting evidence. Early treatment using a bactericidal anti-Pseudomonal cephalosporin, such as ceftazidime, was suggested for this life-threatening infection.
 ...
PMID:First report of septicaemic melioidosis in Hong Kong. 648 53


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>