Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective study was done to determine the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I antibodies in patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis. None of the 19 patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis had underlying immunodeficiency. Anti-HTLV-I antibody was present in 6 (32%) of 19 patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis, a significantly higher prevalence than found in patients with bronchial asthma (4 (7%) of 58) (p less than 0.01, chi-square test). No statistical difference was noted when anti-HTLV-I antibody seropositivity was compared to that of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (16% (17/105)), lung cancer (17% (22/129)) and pneumonia (9% (6/64)). A reduced cellular immunity as shown by lymphopenia, the CD4/CD8 ratio, and purified protein derivative skin test was found in only 1 (5%) of 19, 2 (12%) of 17, and 6 (33%) of 18 patients, respectively. These results do not explain the susceptibility to pulmonary cryptococcosis in HTLV-I carriers. This is the first report of high prevalence of pulmonary cryptococcosis in HTLV-I carriers and it raises the question whether HTLV-I carriers are more susceptible to opportunistic infections and other malignancies probably due to subtle immunological abnormalities.
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PMID:Prevalence of HTLV-I antibody in pulmonary cryptococcosis. 145 16

A 46-year-old man was admitted to Oita Medical College Hospital on October 16, 1987, because of cough and sputum. Chest X-ray and chest CT films showed diffuse reticulonodular shadow. The specimens obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy revealed cysts of pneumocystis carinii. Abnormal lymphocytes with lobulated nuclei were found 2-7% of peripheral leucocytes. The anti HTLV-I antibody was positive. According to these data, we diagnosed the patient as smoldering adult T cell leukemia with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The abnormal shadow on chest X-ray disappeared after SMX-TMP and pentamidine treatment. After about 1 year, he was again admitted for high fever. Chest X-ray showed infiltration with cavity in right upper lobe. Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from the sputum. The infiltration shadow on chest X-ray disappeared after antibiotics treatment. However, multiple nodular shadow appeared on the chest X-ray and ATL cell infiltration was found in the specimens of transbronchial lung biopsy. ATL cells in peripheral blood also increased and serum LDH and Calcium levels were markedly high. According to these data, we diagnosed the patient as having a ATL crisis. Although chemotherapy for ATL was started, the ATL, cell infiltration shadow on the chest X-ray enlarged, and bilateral diffuse patchy shadows was appeared on the chest X-ray. He died of respiratory failure on April 26, 1989. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia and ATL cell infiltration were revealed by necropsy.
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PMID:[A case of smoldering adult T-cell leukemia complicated by various pulmonary infections]. 166 67

A 48-year-old woman was admitted in September 1987, because of lumbago and galactorrhea. Peripheral blood analysis showed neutrophilia and eosinophilia without abnormal lymphocytes. The antibody to adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) virus-associated antigen was detected and a hyperprolactinemia was observed. The blastogenic responses to PHA, ConA and PWM were lowered. Brain CT and MRI scannings showed no abnormalities in the hypophysis and hypothalamus, but abdomen CT revealed markedly enlarged abdominal lymph nodes. Two months after the administration of OK432 and PSK, the lymph node swellings disappeared and the responses to PHA, ConA and PWM were normalized, but hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea persisted. After four months of the remission period, the patient developed lymph node swellings again, and was diagnosed from the biopsy specimen of the retroperitoneal lymph node as having malignant lymphoma of diffuse mixed cell type. Southern blot analysis showed a monoclonal integration of HTLV-I proviral DNA. Despite repeated combination chemotherapies, she died of pneumonia in February 1989. Autopsy revealed marked infiltrations of lymphoma cells in the liver, spleen and lungs, but no abnormality accounting for hyperprolactinemia was detected in the suprasellar regions. This case was of interest in that immunotherapy was effective in achieving a remission and in normalizing immuno-parameters in ATLL.
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PMID:[Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma with hyperprolactinemia: successful treatment by OK432 and PSK]. 204 Nov 69

1) We studied the causes of death confirmed by autopsy or necropsy in 23 adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patients. Of them eight showed involvement of tumor (35%), eleven infectious disease (47%) (nine cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia, one varicella-zostervirus pneumonia, one pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia), and four others (17%). In seven recent cases treated with a new chemotherapy regimen in combination with G-CSF administration, survival was longer than in previous cases and tumor involvement as a cause of death decreased (one case, 14%). However, CMV pneumonia inclined to increase (six cases, 86%). Therefore, we tried to retrospectively detect CMV DNA in the serum of ATL patients using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). CMV pneumonia was reliably diagnosed in eleven ATL patients, whereas CMV DNA was detected in all patients at the time of clinical onset of pneumonia and CMV DNA was detected only in eight patients from 7-35 days before the onset of pneumonia. These findings suggest that the nested PCR assay is a useful tool to early diagnosis CMV pneumonia in ATL patients. 2) Recently, several cases of ATL with CD30 antigen have been reported, but its clinical relevance remains unknown. Accordingly, we studied CD30 antigen expression in 36 ATL patients who had monoclonal integration of HTLV-I provirus in the tumor cells and demonstrated the immunohistochemical and clinical characteristics of these patients. CD30 antigen expression was evident in seven of these 36 patients (19.4%). A comparison of ATL cases with and without CD30 antigen expression revealed significantly large numbers of abnormal lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and lower serum calcium levels in CD30 antigen positive ATL.
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PMID:[Problems concerned with adult T-cell leukemia. 1) Causes of death and early diagnosis of cytomegalovirus pneumonia in adult T-cell leukemia. 2) Clinicopathological features of CD30 positive adult T-cell leukemia]. 786 89

A 53-year-old man was hospitalized for the development of watery diarrhea associated with decreased appetite and progressive weight loss and was found to have leukocytosis. The white blood cell count was 14,600/microliters with 66 percent abnormal lymphocytes. Serum anti-HTLV-I was positive and monoclonal insertion of HTLV-I provirus into the atypical cell genome was confirmed with the southern blotting hybridization technique. A diagnosis of ATL was made. Examination of fresh stool specimens revealed Isospora belli (I. belli) oocysts. Initial treatment for I. belli consisted of oral trimethoprim 160mg and sulfamethoxazole 400mg given twice daily for nine days. Diarrhea ceased within 2 days of the start of treatment, but I. belli oocysts were again detected after 20 days. Trimethoprim 160mg and sulfamethoxazole 400mg were reinstituted four times daily for 10 days, and then twice daily for 21 days. The clinical response was again dramatic, with rapid clearance of oocysts from the stool. There has been no recurrence of diarrhea. The patient's leukemia was refractory to chemotherapy; the white blood cell count continued to rise, pneumonia developed, and the patient died. I. belli is a previously unrecognized opportunistic pathogen that must be considered in the clinical setting of chronic diarrhea in patients with ATL.
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PMID:[Isospora belli infection in a patient with adult T cell leukemia]. 834 63

A 31-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea on exertion. She had had the same symptom a few years earlier. A chest radiograph revealed ground-glass-like shadows on both sides, and the arterial PaO2 was 54 Torr when the patient was breathing room air. We first suspected hypersensitivity pneumonitis, but the dyspnea and hypoxemia did not resolve during treatment in the hospital, and returned home. She felt no obvious changes in symptoms while at home. We found no antibodies to Tricosporon cutaneum in her serum. Computed tomography of the chest revealed diffuse pan-lobular areas of high density. Bronchoalveolar lavage was done and the total cell count was 9.6 X 10(7). About three quarters (73%) of the recovered cells were lymphocytes. Examination of a transbronchial biopsy specimen showed alveolar thickening with infiltration of small mononuclear cells. No granulomas or Massons bodies were seen, and no antibodies specific to collagen-vascular disease were detected. We therefore excluded the diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and collagen-associated pneumonitis. There was no evidence of drug-induced pneumonitis. She was seropositive for HTLV-I. We suspected that this was a case of HTLV-1-associated pneumonitis.
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PMID:[Interstitial pneumonia in an HTLV-I carrier]. 910 56

Disease associations of human T lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I and -II) infection were studied in 154 HTLV-I-infected, 387 HTLV-II-infected, and 799 uninfected blood donors. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 99% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from logistic regression models controlling for demographics and relevant confounders. All subjects were human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seronegative. HTLV-II was significantly associated with a history of pneumonia (OR, 2.6; 99% CI, 1.2-5.3), minor fungal infection (OR, 2.9; 99% CI, 1.2-7.1), and bladder or kidney infection (OR, 1.6; 99% CI, 1.0-2.5) within the past 5 years and with a lifetime history of tuberculosis (OR, 3.9; 99% CI, 1.3-11.6) and arthritis (OR, 1.8; 99% CI, 1.2-2.9). Lymphadenopathy (> or =1 cm) was associated with both HTLV-I (OR, 6.6; 99% CI, 2.2-19.2) and HTLV-II (OR, 2.8; 99% CI, 1.1-7.1) infection, although no case of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma was diagnosed. Urinary urgency and gait disturbance were associated with both viruses. This new finding of increased prevalence of a variety of infections in HTLV-II-positive donors suggests immunologic impairment.
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PMID:Increased prevalence of infectious diseases and other adverse outcomes in human T lymphotropic virus types I- and II-infected blood donors. Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS) Study Group. 939 56

A 67-year-old man complained of a burning pain and weakness of bilateral feet after contusion of the left lumbar region. Skin as well as bone dystrophy and disturbance of bladder function were not seen, but low skin temperature was observed in the left lower leg. Glove anesthesia was seen on bilateral feet. Patellar tendon reflex was accentuated but Achilles tendon reflex was diminished, and bilateral Babinski sign was positive. Compression of the spinal cord or spinal root nerve was not noticed by MRI, myelography and myelo-CT (from cervical to lumbar level). We suspected the complex regional pain syndrome type I, and performed sympathetic blockade, but burning pain was not relieved. We looked for spinal tumor, myelitis, collagen disease, vitamin deficiency and malignancy but could not find out any disorder. However, the patient had neuropathic sign in electromyogram, and high anti-HTLV-I antibody titers in blood serum (8192x) and cerebrospinal fluid (256x). We diagnosed this case as HTLV I-associated myelopathy (HAM). He developed, so called, HTLV I-associated pneumonia at 74 years of age. We suggest that HAM may rarely accompany a burning pain and neuropathy (not myelopathy) as main symptoms. The present case suggests that a patient with HAM may develop HTLV I-associated pneumonia during its process; indicating a new concept of this very rare disease.
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PMID:[A patient with HTLV I-associated myelopathy (HAM) complaining of burning pain on the bilateral feet: a case report]. 1459 76

Human T-lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I and -II) cause myelopathy; HTLV-I, but not HTLV-II, causes adult T-cell leukemia. Whether HTLV-II is associated with other diseases is unknown. Using survival analysis, we studied medical history data from a prospective cohort of HTLV-I- and HTLV-II-infected and -uninfected blood donors, all HIV seronegative. A total of 152 HTLV-I, 387 HTLV-II, and 799 uninfected donors were enrolled and followed for a median of 4.4, 4.3, and 4.4 years, respectively. HTLV-II participants had significantly increased incidences of acute bronchitis (incidence ratio [IR] = 1.68), bladder or kidney infection (IR = 1.55), arthritis (IR = 2.66), and asthma (IR = 3.28), and a borderline increase in pneumonia (IR = 1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98 to 3.38). HTLV-I participants had significantly increased incidences of bladder or kidney infection (IR = 1.82), and arthritis (IR = 2.84). We conclude that HTLV-II infection may inhibit immunologic responses to respiratory infections and that both HTLV-I and -II may induce inflammatory or autoimmune reactions.
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PMID:Respiratory and urinary tract infections, arthritis, and asthma associated with HTLV-I and HTLV-II infection. 1507 5