Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Theophylline disposition (clearance, volume of distribution, and half-life) was measured in 31 normal volunteers and 26 acutely ill patients with airway obstruction within 24 hours of hospital admission and again when intravenous aminophylline was discontinued 2 to 10 days later. Sex, age, race, the diagnosis of asthma, and the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis were not significantly correlated with clearance. Clearance was significantly increased in smokers and significantly decreased in patients with congestive heart failure, pneumonia, and severe bronchial obstruction. The volume of distribution was not correlated with these variables. Within 24 hours of admission, the mean clearance in our patients without congestive heart failure or pneumonia was 44.5 ml per hour per kg of body weight, 40 per cent less than the value on which the widely used 0.9 mg per kg per hour dosage is based. The unexplained interindividual variability of clearance was significantly higher amont patients than control subjects, but intraindividual variability in clearance was not different in these 2 groups after correction for the effects of smoking, congestive heart failure, and so on. Large variability in clearance among patients makes the plasma theophylline concentration resulting from any dosage relatively uncertain. Based on the the results of this study, recommendations are made concerning theophylline dosage computation, and the clinical circumstances calling for determination of plasma theophylline concentrations.
 ...
PMID:Theophylline disposition in acutely ill hospitalized patients. The effect of smoking, heart failure, severe airway obstruction, and pneumonia. 69 73

Serum specimens from patients admitted to a respiratory disease hospital were examined by the histoplasmin latex agglutination, the complement fixation, and the agar gel immunodiffusion tests. Of 300 sera examined, 21 (7.0%) gave an apparent false positive reaction at a dilution of 1:16 or greater. Fourteen (66%) of the 21 patients studied has culturally proven tuberculosis. One patient each had a diagnosis of hypertensive cardiovascular disease with congestive heart failure, infection with atypical mycobacteria (Runyon group III), chronic pneumonitis secondary to gunshot wound, and pulmonary abscess of unknown etiology; two had bronchogenic carcinoma; and one serum specimen came from an apparently healthy employee. The results of the histoplasmin latex agglutination test should be interpreted with caution, particularly if only one serological determination has been made and the titer is low.
 ...
PMID:Apparent false positive histoplasmin latex agglutination tests in patients with tuberculosis. 81 11

A calf into which a biolized, total artificial heart (TAH) had been implanted survived for 145 days. All measured physiological parameters except central venous pressure (CVP) were back to normal one month after implantation, and thereafter the animal's physiological development was similar to that of a normal calf. The intimal weight, which was 96 kilograms at implantation, reached 190 kilogram at the end of experiment, with a daily gain rate of 0.9 kilogram per day. After the nineteenth postoperative week, signs of congestive heart failure appeared, such as high venous pressure, ascites, and enlarged liver although the calf outwardly appeared well. On postoperative day 146, the animal started foaming at the mouth, and a convulsion occurred; then, the experiment was terminated after 3,494 hours of pumping. At autopsy, there were acute bilateral bronchopneumonia involving mostly both upper lobes, pulmonary edema, slight chronic pneumonitis, and hepatomegaly. There were no serious thrombotic deposits inside the cardiac prosthesis.
 ...
PMID:Survival for 145 days with a total artificial heart. 83 53

This report describes the development of fatal pneumococcal pneumonia and septicemia following fiberoptic bronchoscopic examination and endobronchial biopsy of a patient with severe chronic congestive heart failure. Although a causal relationship has not been proven, the temporal sequence seems to favor this over a coincidental nosocomial infection. This case emphasizes that significant and occasionally fatal infectious complications may occur following fiberoptic bronchoscopic examination.
 ...
PMID:Fatal pneumonitis and septicemia after fiberoptic bronchoscopy. 87 39

Combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and DTIC was used in 102 evaluable patients under 15 years of age who had previously treated metastatic solid tumors. Responses, defined as 50% or more reduction in all tumor masses, occurred in 10 out of 27 patients with neuroblastoma, 3 out of 8 patients with Wilms tumor, 7 out 15 patients with Ewing sarcoma, 2 out of 6 patients with osteosarcoma, 5 out of 13 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, and 15 out of 33 patients with miscellaneous tumors which included a patient who had a complete regression of an extensive juvenile angiofibroma. Response rate to combination chemotherapy with adriamycin and DTIC in patients with Ewing sarcoma was significantly superior to the response rate obtained with adriamycin alone in another Southwest Oncology Group Study. Major toxicity included nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression, high incidence of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (5 patients) and congestive heart failure (4 patients). There was 7 drug-associated deaths due to sepsis (1), pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (4), and congestive heart failure (2).
 ...
PMID:Combination chemotherapy with adramycin (NSC-123127) and dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (DTIC) (NSC-45388) in children with metastatic solid tumors. 95 60

The clinical and hematological features of 100 patients with sickle cell anemia are reviewed. The heart was enlarged and a murmur was heard in nearly 80 percent of patients. Pneumonia and pulmonary infarction occurred in 43 percent and 12 percent of patients, respectively. Musculoskeletal involvement included the hand-foot syndrome (15 percent), leg ulcers (55 percent), aseptic necrosis ofbone (11 percent), and osteomyelitis (4 percent). Symptoms and signs related to the gastrointestinal system included jaundice (55 percent), hepatomegaly (50 percent), splenomegaly (23 percent), hepatitis (11 percent) and gallstones (9 percent). Three patients underwent cholecystectomy and three patients had their spleens removed. Pyelonephritis occurred in 17 patients, priapism in five and hematuria in seven. Nineteen women had 39 pregnancies, of which 35 resulted in the birth of healthy infants. At least 328 painful crises occurred in 73 patients. There were also 13 hemolytic crises, eight sequestration crises, and five aplastic crises. A trail of alkali therapy in 33 crises in children failed to produce beneficial effects greater than hydration and analgesics alone as used in the control group. Laboratory findings in the 100 patients were comparable to those previously reported in the literature. The renal concentrating defect in most patients was confirmed. There were six deaths: hepatic coma secondary to post-transfusion hepatitis, thrombosis of inferior vena cava, congestive heart failure, exsanguination from erosion of the pancreaticoduodenal artery, extensive bronchopneumonia, and pulmonary infarction.
 ...
PMID:Sickle cell anemia- clinical manifestations in 100 patients and review of the literature. 113 Apr 36

The causes of death were assessed in 140 infants and children with transposition of the great arteries studied clinically and post mortem. Half of the children were under one month old. Death occurred during the first year of life in 118 cases. Balloon atrial septostomy and/or cardiac surgery were performed in 37 cases, and 7 patients died following operations for extracardiac malformations. Congestive heart failure was the most common single cause of death, occurring in 109 cases. All but 7 patients were cyanotic. Extracardiac malformations were encountered in 39 patients and were considered a main cause of death in 22 of these. Various infections, mostly pneumonia, occurred in half of the cases. Forty-one patients had vascular accidents in various organs. These complications were more common in operated than in nonoperated cases. Miscellaneous causes of death, including hyaline membrane disease and/or pulmonary atelectases, occurred in 30 patients. The study illustrated the complex symptomatology and therapeutic problems presented by critically ill infants with transposition of the great arteries.
 ...
PMID:Causes of death in transposition of the great arteris. A clinical and autopsy study of 140 cases. 118 4

Since February 1990, five children, aged 10 days to 6.5 years, were treated with extracorporeal lung support at our hospital for acute, unrelenting pulmonary failure. Two had viral pneumonia: one with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis, and one with herpes simplex virus pneumonia, encephalitis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. One presented with a febrile illness followed by a pulmonary hemorrhage. Two patients had adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) complicating severe systemic illnesses, toxic epidermal necrolysis in one and cat scratch disease with encephalitis in the other. All children had diffuse parenchymal lung disease by chest x-ray. On maximum medical management all patients were developing carbon dioxide retention and progressive hypoxemia, exceeding previously established NIH study criteria for extracorporeal treatment. Three children (10 days, 2 months, 13 months) were placed on venoarterial support and two children (20 months and 6.5 years) were placed on venovenous extracorporeal support (ECCO2R). Three of the five had open lung biopsies performed, which showed findings consistent with a moderate to severe cellular phase of ARDS. No viral inclusions were found in the patient with RSV infection. One hundred percent immediate survival was achieved in this patient population. Average duration of support was 330 hours (range, 89 to 840). Following completion of extracorporeal support, all children were successfully weaned from the ventilator with an average time to extubation of 23.2 days (range, 2 to 58 days). One child died of congestive heart failure following palliative surgery for a complex noncyanotic congenital cardiac lesion 35 days after successfully weaning from extracorporeal support for an acute febrile illness and pulmonary hemorrhage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Treatment of acute pulmonary failure with extracorporeal support: 100% survival in a pediatric population. 132 87

Increased pulmonary arterial pressures as a result of pulmonary disease are described in two cows with chronic pneumonia and one cow with acute pneumonia. Based on clinical signs of congestive right heart failure, increased pulmonary arterial pressure, and right ventricular hypertrophy, cor pulmonale was diagnosed in one cow. Two cows had increased pulmonary arterial pressure and signs of right heart insufficiency, but right ventricular hypertrophy was not identified. Two of the cows had ventral edema and exercise intolerance. All cows had jugular venous distention and increased right atrial and pulmonary arterial pressures. Peripheral arterial PaO2 was decreased in two cows, and not measured in the third cow. Although an uncommon cause of congestive heart failure in cattle at low altitudes, pulmonary hypertension should be considered in cattle with clinical right heart failure.
 ...
PMID:Pulmonary hypertension and cardiac insufficiency in three cows with primary lung disease. 138 97

There has been a noticeable increase in the incidence of pertussis in West Germany over the last decade. Since the availability of adequate bacteriological diagnosis a much broader clinical spectrum can be attributed to infections with B. pertussis. Three patients with an unusual clinical presentation of pertussis are presented. A three month old infant presented with severe apneic spells without cough as the sole clinical symptoms of the infection. B. pertussis was isolated in the nasopharyngeal swab. A nine month old premature infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia after long time intubation and artificial ventilation presented with apneic spells, pulmonary and cardiac decompensation and required ventilatory support. The diagnosis was suggested by a massive leucocytosis with lymphocytosis. The diagnosis on the patient was established by serologic methods. Adult contacts of this patient developed longstanding cough and clinical signs of pertussis. The diagnosis of pertussis in these persons was established by nasopharyngeal culture. The third patient with trisomy 21 and a corrected AV canal suffered from nonspecific cough and gradually developed signs of congestive heart failure with pneumonia. B. pertussis was isolated from the nasopharynx. This patient showed neither the typical paroxysmal coughing spells nor disclosed the typical lymphocytosis in his white blood count. Microbiological investigations of patients with symptoms of respiratory tract infections should include the isolation of B. pertussis. Thus, additional cases of pertussis not suspected on the basis of their initial clinical presentation will be detected.
 ...
PMID:[Pertussis--an illness with typical clinical symptoms?]. 143 95


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>