Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 132 consecutive patients with suspected bacteremic infectious diseases, Gram staining of the buffy coat of blood taken from the ear lobe was performed simultaneously with blood cultures. Out of 132 patients, 7 exhibited intraleukocytic microorganisms among 22 with concomitant positive hemocultures and 21 with concomitant sterile hemocultures. Among this latter group of patients, 8 were severely ill subjects with indwelling intravenous catheters and undergoing treatment with broad spectum antibiotics, while 4 were found to have intraleukocytic yeast forms. Eight presented with a typical history of pneumonia. It is concluded that Gram staining of the buffy coat of the ear lobe blood is a simple technique which is of value in the management of patients with suspected bacteremia and of febrile patients with indwellig catheters or under antibiotic therapy.
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PMID:[Study of leukocyte enriched blood smears in suspected bacteremia]. 79 74

A patient with Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia treated with gentamicin subsequently developed thoracovertebral osteomyelitis over the area of a preexisting compression fracture. Increasing back pain and progressive destruction with sclerosis of the involved vertebrae led to a needle biopsy examination of the vertebrae which showed evidence of chronic osteomyelitis and grew P aeruginosa on culture. P aeruginosa bacteremia was documented six months before the demonstration of the organism in the vertebrae. Treatment with a combination of gentamicin and carbenicillin coupled with bed rest cured the vertebral osteomyelitis.
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PMID:Vertebral osteomyelitis as a complication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. 80 84

In a retrospective review of 53 patients, 58 episodes of infection due to Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus (Herellea vaginicola) were studied. Although the organism is widely distributed in nature, it is of relatively low virulence since colonization is more frequently noted than infection and since most infections occur in patients subjected to the epidemiologic pressures common to nosocomial, gram-negative bacillary infection: prior antibiotic therapy; instrumentation and manipulation (e.g., endotracheal intubation, urinary bladder catheterization, arterial and venous cannulation); surgery; hospitalization, especially with residence in an intensive care unit; severe underlying disease, either systemic (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, malignancy) or localized to the infected area (e.g., prior bacterial or aspirational pneumonia, trauma). Pneumonia was the most common infection due to A. calcoaceticus, and occurred only in patients with a tracheostomy or endotracheal tube in place. In over half the 25 patients, more than one lobe was involved and bronchopneumonia was the usual roentgenographic appearance. Cavitation (2 patients) and empyema formation (3 patients) were uncommon. The severity of acinetobacter pneumonia is reflected in the high mortality rate (44% overall, with a 36% mortality rate due primarily to infection). Tracheobronchitis due to A. calcoaceticus was less severe than pneumonia since no patients died primarily as a result of the infection. Urinary tract infections occurred in five patients, none of whom were ill and none of whom died. Urinary bladder catheterization was thought to be responsible for infection in three patients, and in at least four of the five patients infection was restricted to the lower tract. Wound infections were noted in six patients who had undergone surgery and were related to the presence of foreign bodies in the operative site in five of the patients. Surgical debridement and/or drainage of the infected area was the primary therapeutic measure employed in most cases. Only one patient died and this was a result of noninfectious causes. Skin infection due to A. calcoaceticus was seen in two patients, one of whom exhibited fulminant, fatal cellulitis and septicemia in the setting of pancytopenia. All nine patients with acinetobacter septicemia had received antecedent antibiotic therapy, and in all cases intravenous catheters were in place at the time bacteremia occurred. Clinically, seven of the nine patients were in shock. The mortality rate was 44% overall, with a 22% mortality rate due to infection. Although septicemia was thought to be "line-related" in five of the nine patients, serious post-bacteremic complications developed in three patients: prosthetic valve endocarditis, suppurative thrombophlebitis and subhepatic abscess.
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PMID:Infections with Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Herellea vaginicola): clinical and laboratory studies. 84 90

The efficacy of amikacin treatment of 152 patients with bacteremia was reviewed from case reports submitted by 53 investigators. Eighty-one per cent of these patients had a favorable outcome; 73% were cured and 8% partially cured. Analysis of the 29 treatment failures revealed that the majority (21) were in patients with either pneumonia, leukemia or mixed aerobic-anaerobic infections. Forty-five patients were infected with gentamicin-resistant organisms; 66% of these patients were cured following amikacin therapy, and 14% had a partial cure. These results indicate that amikacin is effective in the therapy of gram-negative bacteremia, even in seriously ill patients with gentamicin-resistant pathogens.
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PMID:Review of 152 patients with bacteremias treated with amikacin. 86 10

We review the clinical and laboratory features of 79 children with 83 episodes of pneumococcal meningitis over a 26-year period. The onset of illness was often severe, with convulsions occurring in 31% of the patients. The mortality was 10.8% and all deaths occurred in patients younger than 1 year of age; the death rate has dropped from 19% in the 1948 to 1962 era to 3% from 1963 to 1973. The association of pneumonia with meningitis, the presence of hypoglycorrhachia, and an increased CSF protein concentration were associated with a poor prognosis; bacteremia and convulsions were also more common in the fetal cases. Neurologic sequelae including recurrent meningitis, deafness, hydrocephalus, convulsions, and retardation were present in 56% of the patients observed. Findings from EEGs did not correlate well with the clinical picture during the acute or convalescent stage of the illness. Despite accurate diagnosis, prompt therapy, and a decrease in the mortality in the past decade, pneumococcal meningitis in children is still often associated with a serious outcome.
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PMID:Pneumococcal meningitis in children. 88 97

A 76-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who developed P multocida pneumonia and bacteremia has been described. The infection was treated with antibiotics, and the patient recovered. Pasteurella multocida is known to infect many species of animals. The instances of human infection due to this organism are frequently associated with exposure to animals. Pulmonary infection occurs principally in patients with underlying chronic bronchopulmonary disease.
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PMID:Pasteurella multocida pneumonia and bacteremia. 89 40

The authors report a case with two mycotic aneurysms in the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery, presumably secondary to a transient bacteremia from pneumonia. The strikingly rapid development of the aneurysms was demonstrated by angiography. Painful total ophthalmoplegia and extophthalmos were the main clinical features.
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PMID:Mycotic aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. Case report. 94 90

Over a 12 month period, 61 isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MR-SA) were obtained in 23 hospitalized patients. Eight-six per cent of the patients were over 50 years of age, and 91 per cent were in the postoperative period. In 10 patients (42 per cent), MR-SA was the major pathogen, producing either pneumonia, empyema, osteomyelitis, lung abscess, enterocolitis, wound infection or bacteremia with sepsis. Three patients in this group died despite therapy with antibiotics with in vitro activity against these organisms. All the patients probably acquired their MR-SA in the hospital, and five carriers of the organism were identified among hospital personnel. This outbreak demonstrates the ability of MR-SA not only to colonize many patients in a relatively brief period of time, but also to produce serious disease.
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PMID:Clinical, epidemiologic and bacteriologic observations of an outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at a large community hospital. 104 60

Implications and course of fever were evaluated during hospitalization of 24 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. Forty-five febrile episodes were identified. Fever present at admission was usually associated with a diagnosable and treatable infection; fever shortly after induction was self-limited; and fever during granulocytopenia was more likely to be associated with bacteremia. Bacteremia and pneumonia were the most common types of infection. Only Gram-negative bacteria and Candida were identified as causes of infection during life, with Pseudomonas and Klebsiella the most frequently isolated pathogens. Invasive candidiasis was a major postmortem finding. A delay in initiation of empirical treatment beyond the third day of fever was associated with an increase in mortality as was continuation of treatment for longer than 14 days.
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PMID:Fever in acute myelogenous leukemia. 105 70

Countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis was used to detect H. influenzae type b antigen in sera of 65 consecutive infants and children with clinical and radiographic evidence of pneumonia. Antigenemia was observed in only one patient who also had H. influenzae type b bacteremia. Blood cultures from four other children were positive for H. aphrophilus (one), Streptococcus pneumoniae (two), and an alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus (one). The frequency of pharyngeal colonization with H. influenzae type b was similar in children with or without pneumonia. If H. influenzae type b was the cause of pneumonitis in the children studied, it occurred without bacteremia or antigenemia.
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PMID:Frequency of detection of Hemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide in infants and children with pneumonia. 108 73


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