Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixty-six permanent residents of Punjab, presenting with chest complaints and absolute eosinophil counts (AEC) over 2000 per cumm were investigated to find out the cause of high eosinophilia. Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TE) was responsible for high eosinophilia in 27 cases (40.9%), even in this region where filariasis is not endemic. Severe asthma (23 cases), allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA-5 cases), drug reaction (2 cases) and chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (2 cases) in adults and ascariasis (6 cases) in children were other main causes of high eosinophilia. It is emphasized that all cases with high blood eosinophilia should not be labelled as cases of TE simply on the basis of AEC over 2000 per cumm. This is all the more important for non-filarial regions. Only a systematically conducted work up can clinch the correct diagnosis in such cases.
 ...
PMID:Aetiological diagnosis in permanent residents of Punjab presenting with chest complaints and high peripheral blood eosinophilia. 130 20

The levels of production, ascarid burden and respiratory disease were measured on 15 purposively selected swine herds, and the relationships between the various measures of ascarid burden were examined. On each farm 30 randomly selected pigs were weighed and rectal fecal samples were collected at approximately 11, 15, 19 and 22 weeks of age, and at slaughter. Fecal ascarid-egg counts and duration of infection were combined to calculate a composite measure of ascarid burden called "lifetime burden". At the abattoir the carcass weight and levels of anteroventral pneumonia, atrophic rhinitis, and liver lesions were recorded for each hog. The number of ascarids in the small intestines were counted. Study hogs were marketed at an average of 189 +/- 22 days. The average dressed carcass weight was 77.0 +/- 5.9 kg and the mean average daily gain was 0.519 +/- 0.071 kg/day. The percent of hogs with ascariasis varied widely among farms, no matter what measure of ascariasis was used; the percent with intestinal ascarids at slaughter ranged from 0% to 96%, the percent that shed ascarid eggs during their lifetime ranged from 0% to 100%, and the range for hogs with liver lesions ranged from 27% to 100%. Of the hogs slaughtered, 82% had milk spot lesions, 32% shed ascarid eggs during their lifetime and 35% had intestinal ascarids. The latter had an average of 12 intestinal ascarids. Anteroventral pneumonia occurred in 55% of the slaughtered hogs and 9% had atrophic rhinitis scores of five. The percent of hogs per farm with pneumonia ranged from 17% to 96%. The percent of hogs per farm with atrophic rhinitis scores of five ranged from 0% to 57%.
 ...
PMID:Ascariasis, respiratory diseases and production indices in selected Prince Edward Island swine herds. 235 64

Growth rates, measures of ascarid burden, and the levels of anteroventral pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis at slaughter were determined for 352 hogs born between March 8 and March 28, 1987 on 15 farms located in Prince Edward Island. Regression analyses were used to determine associations between average daily gain (ADG) and independent variables controlling for sex, farm, and litters nested within farm. The regression model accounted for 75.4% of the variation in ADG. The number of intestinal ascarids at slaughter did not affect ADG. However, the "life-time burden" (a composite measure based on fecal egg counts and duration of infection) was associated with ADG (p less than 0.05) in a quadratic manner. Although heavy ascarid burdens decreased the growth rate of swine, the magnitude of the effect was minimal. The maximum improvement one could expect from reducing the ascarid burden on heavily infected farms would be less than 1%. Severe atrophic rhinitis and the presence of anteroventral pneumonia each had a detrimental effect on ADG (p less than 0.001). The corresponding reductions in mean ADG were 7.7% and 2.8% respectively. There was significant interaction between the effects of atrophic rhinitis and anteroventral pneumonia on ADG (p less than 0.05). Hogs with both anteroventral pneumonia and severe atrophic rhinitis had a 17.6% lower ADG than hogs with neither disease. There is much greater potential for improvement in ADG through control of respiratory diseases than through control of ascariasis.
 ...
PMID:Effect of ascariasis and respiratory diseases on growth rates in swine. 235 66

A case of ascariasis-associated Loeffler's pneumonia is reported, which presented like Carrington's chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP). It is assumed, that under unfavourable conditions (children, old or disabled patients with high worm load) Loeffler's pneumonia takes a serious course, which can be confounded with CEP.
 ...
PMID:[Chronic course of eosinophilic pneumonia in infection with ascaris lumbricoides]. 772 7

Thirty-eight young crocodiles that were emaciated and were euthanased or were found dead on 12 farms in Irian Jaya were examined post mortem. Major diseases were coccidiosis (nine crocodiles), pentastomiasis (four), visceral gout (two) and bacterial pneumonia and septicaemia (two). Other diseases and infections were steatitis, fungal pneumonia, gastric capillariasis, haemogregarine infection, ascariasis, filarioid infection and the presence of flukes in the intestine, kidney and blood. Multiple parasitism due to the collection of hatchlings in the wild was considered the primary cause of the ill-thrift and death of the crocodiles.
 ...
PMID:Diseases in young farmed crocodiles in Irian Jaya. 774 Jul 31

Ascaris pneumonitis in areas of endemic infestation is considered a benign condition. Smoke inhalation with any burn injury can be potentially fatal. A heavy infestation of Ascaris could further exacerbate the smoke-induced lung injury. After ingested eggs hatch in the small intestine, the larvae penetrate the mucosa and invade the blood stream and are then carried to the lungs. The larvae break out into the aveolar spaces as they are too large to cross the capillary bed and are carried up the bronchial tree and eventually swallowed. This study describes three cases of Ascaris infection in thermally injured children. While the burns were < 30 per cent total body surface area, two patients who were injured in the same fire had a further complication of smoke inhalation which necessitated sophisticated therapy in order to promote survival. All patients were treated initially with Vermox. The one patient without smoke inhalation did not develop ascariasis pneumonitis even with positive stool samples and was discharged with no complications, whereas the two with smoke inhalation developed severe pneumonitis. One patient was placed on ECMO and did not receive a full course of the Vermox treatment. This patient died after several weeks of ECMO treatment. The third patient received a full course of Vermox, slowly recovered, and went home. Supportive therapy only is recommended during the lung migration phase of the Ascaris lifecycle. We feel that continuation of chemotherapy (Vermox) would have been beneficial in the fatal case based on the survival of the second patient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Ascariasis pneumonitis: a potentially fatal complication in smoke inhalation injury. 1120 99

Infection with Ascaris lumbricoides, a roundworm that invades the human digestive tract, affects about 25% of the world's population. Manifestations of ascariasis vary and include constitutional symptoms, particularly pulmonary and gastrointestinal complaints. Complications include pneumonitis, intestinal obstruction, and damage to vital organs. Diagnosis is made in most cases by sampling stool for ova and parasites. Treatment with an anthelmintic agent is usually effective in mild cases, and prognosis is excellent. More severe infection may cause significant morbidity and require surgical intervention.
 ...
PMID:Ascariasis. An infection to watch for in immigrants. 850 83

Ascariasis is a helminthic infection of global distribution with more than 1.4 billion persons infected throughout the world. The majority of infections occur in the developing countries of Asia and Latin America. Of 4 million people infected in the United States, a large percentage are immigrants from developing countries. Ascaris-related clinical disease is restricted to subjects with heavy worm load, and an estimated 1.2 to 2 million such cases, with 20,000 deaths, occur in endemic areas per year. More often, recurring moderate infections cause stunting of linear growth, cause reduced cognitive function, and contribute to existing malnutrition in children in endemic areas. Ascaris infection is acquired by the ingestion of the embryonated eggs. The larvae, while passing through the pulmonary migration phase for maturation, cause ascaris pneumonia. Intestinal ascaris is usually detected as an incidental finding. Ascaris-induced intestinal obstruction is a frequent complication in children with heavy worm loads. It can be complicated by intussusception, perforation, and gangrene of the bowel. Acute appendicitis and appendicular perforation can occur as a result of worms entering the appendix. HPA is a frequent cause of biliary and pancreatic disease in endemic areas. It occurs in adult women and can cause biliary colic, acute cholecystitis, acute cholangitis, acute pancreatitis, and hepatic abscess. RPC causing hepatic duct calculi is possibly an aftermath of recurrent biliary invasion in such areas. Ultrasonography can detect worms in the biliary tract and pancreas and is a useful noninvasive technique for diagnosis and follow-up of such patients. ERCP can help diagnose biliary and pancreatic ascariasis, including ascaris in the duodenum. Also, ERCP can be used to extract worms from the biliary and pancreatic ducts when indicated. Pyrantel pomoate, mebendazole, albendazole, and levamisole are effective drugs and can be used for mass therapy to control ascariasis in endemic areas.
 ...
PMID:Ascariasis. 886 40

Ascariasis and hookworm (ancylostomiasis) remain the most common intestinal nematodes in the world with significant economic, social, and medical impact. An understanding of the transmission and pathogenesis of ascariasis and hookworm are necessary to recognize their clinical manifestations and to manage the pulmonary sequelae of infection. Transmission occurs predominantly in the tropics and rural areas where there is suboptimal sanitation, personal hygiene, and education regarding these parasites. Ascariasis generally occurs through hand-to-mouth ingestion of agricultural products or food contaminated with parasite eggs. Hookworm is transmitted through larval penetration of the skin. Larval pulmonary migration generally is asymptomatic. However, symptomatic pulmonary disease may occur with fever, cough, chest pain, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and wheezing due to (1) Loffler's syndrome, (2) the effects of larval tissue migration, (3) airway reactivity or bronchospasm, (4) infectious bacterial complications from parasitic migration and associated aspiration, and rarely (5) chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, transdiaphragmatic penetration, or symptoms of upper airway obstruction. Clinical evaluation shows pulmonary opacities on chest radiograph, peripheral blood eosinophilia, and larvae in respiratory or gastric secretions. Symptomatic treatment may be necessary with bronchodilators and systemic steroids or antibiotics for bacterial complications. The drug of choice is mebendazole (Vermox) 100 mg twice a day for 3 days. Alternatives include a single dose of pyrantel pamoate (Antiminth) 11 mg/kg (maximum dose, 1 g) or albendazole (Zentel) 400 mg orally once. Invermectin (Mectizan) is available through the World Health Organization, and, in the United States, through the manufacturer on a compassionate-use basis. Ivermectin is as effective as currently available drugs against Ascaris but shows only partial efficacy against hookworms, which infest humans. Preventive measures, improvement of sanitary facilities, education, and school screening may be important in the endemic areas to control these parasitic infections.
 ...
PMID:Ascariasis and hookworm. 919 78

Through the Red Wolf Species Survival Plan, the captive red wolf (Canis rufus) population was developed with the intent of reestablishing wild populations. One part of the plan was a survey for diseases that might occur as a result of population homogeneity or that might impede breeding success and reintroduction. For this survey, complete necropsies and histopathologic analyses were performed on 62 red wolves from 1992 to 1996. Major causes of 22 neonatal deaths were parental trauma, parasitic pneumonia, and septicemia. Common neonatal lesions included pododermatitis and systemic ascariasis. Cardiovascular anomalies and systemic parasitism were found in two juveniles. Causes of death in the 38 adults included conspecific trauma, neoplasia, or gastrointestinal diseases such as necrotizing enteritis, intestinal perforation, and gastric volvulus. Lymphosarcoma represented 50% of the fatal neoplasms. Three adults died from cardiovascular failure or hyperthermia during handling, and several adults were euthanized for suspected genetic diseases. Overall, the captive population had few significant health problems, but population fitness might be improved by continued removal of potentially deleterious genes from the breeding population and by modifying the husbandry of neonates and adults.
 ...
PMID:Survey of necropsy results in captive red wolves (Canis rufus), 1992-1996. 1088 16


1 2 Next >>