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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adenoviral pneumonia, while most common in infancy and young childhood, is rare in school childhood. Here, we report one case, a 13 years old otherwise healthy girl, suffered from fulminating pneumonia caused by adenovirus infection. She had dry cough, pharyngitis, lethargy, myalgia and fever in the beginning. Four days later, the patient became tachypneic, dyspneic and drowsy, and developed hypoxemia and diffuse bilateral infiltrates on chest radiographs. The laboratory data revealed elevated SGOT, CPK and LDH. Adenovirus was isolated from patient's endotracheal suction tube tips. Fortunately, weaning from mechanical ventilation was accomplished on the fifth day of hospitalization, despite of the high fatality rate of adenoviral pneumonia in this age group. The clinical characteristics and therapeutic management of our case are discussed and literatures reviewed.
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PMID:[Fulminating adenovirus pneumonia: report of one case]. 794 37

Nosocomial transmission of adenovirus type 3 associated with fatalities in infants has not been frequently reported. This report describes the nosocomial spread of adenovirus types 2 and 3 among infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in a chronic (transitional) care facility. The index case developed pneumonia with a clinical deterioration in respiratory status 8 days after admission. Within the next 10 to 30 days 9 other infants and 2 health care personnel became ill with respiratory symptoms. Three of these 10 infants had progressive respiratory failure and 2 of them died. All of these infants had underlying chronic lung disease of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The overall attack rate was 30% (10 of 33). Further spread of adenovirus was prevented by using barrier precautions and masks while performing tracheostomy care. Adenovirus isolates were serotyped as Ad3 in 4 patients and 1 staff member, as Ad2 in 3 patients, and as a combination of Ad2 and Ad3 in 1 patient. Two fatalities were associated with Ad3 infection. Three isolates from 2 patients and 1 staff member were not available for typing. Restriction endonuclease analysis was performed on all of these isolates of Ad3 and Ad2. There was no genetic heterogeneity in the isolates, suggesting a common source.
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PMID:Nosocomial adenovirus infection: molecular epidemiology of an outbreak. 826 82

We describe a fatal case of adenovirus pneumonia accompanied by encephalitis in a neonate who showed lethargy on the 6th day and died on the 12th day. Adenoviral particles as well as viral intranuclear inclusions were noted in pulmonary alveolar epithelium cells. Neuropathological examination revealed diffuse oedema, perivascular cuffing and gliosis in the white matter. Adenovirus type 11 was isolated from lung, hilar lymph node, and brain tissue. This is the first instance of adenovirus isolation from brain tissue in a newborn infant. The virological and neuropathological findings suggest the invasion of neural tissue by adenovirus and substantiate the significance of neurological symptoms observed in neonatal adenovirus infection.
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PMID:Isolation of adenovirus type 11 from the brain of a neonate with pneumonia and encephalitis. 833 17

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect adenovirus DNA in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue obtained post mortem. Adenovirus DNA was successfully amplified from specimens of lung and liver from two patients with disseminated adenovirus infection confirmed by virus isolation, electron microscopy and/or immunohistochemistry. Negative results were obtained for specimens of lung from two patients with cytomegalovirus pneumonia. The specificity of the adenovirus PCR was confirmed by means of a digoxigenin-labelled probe generated in a separate PCR. Detection of viral nucleic acid by PCR in tissues obtained post mortem has considerable diagnostic potential.
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PMID:The polymerase chain reaction for detecting adenovirus DNA in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue obtained post mortem. 837 Sep 44

A 5-month-old girl given an allogeneic bone marrow transplant for Hurler's syndrome succumbed to fatal pneumonia 5 weeks after the transplant. Adenovirus type 2 was isolated from her urine before she died. Immunoperoxidase and electron microscopical studies of liver and lungs post mortem confirmed a disseminated adenovirus infection. The serological findings and the patient's young age suggested that the infection was a primary one. The importance of considering exogenous sources of adenovirus infection in bone marrow transplant recipients is discussed.
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PMID:Fatal disseminated adenovirus type 2 infection following bone marrow transplantation for Hurler's syndrome: a primary infection. 847 64

Adenovirus type 7h is currently the predominant virulent genome type of serotype 7 isolated in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay in association with severe infantile pneumonia. In order to characterize possible molecular determinants of pathogenicity, the nucleotide sequence of a 5904-bp fragment (76 to 93 mu) containing the entire E3 region and the fiber gene of Ad7h was established. The organization of the ORFs within the E3 region was similar to that reported for the prototype strains of Ad7 and Ad3. A comparison of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of all ORFs revealed a higher homology between Ad7h and Ad7p than between Ad7h and Ad3 for 12.0K and 16.1K, whereas the 15.3K ORF and the adjacent fiber gene were strikingly more homologous to those of Ad3 (99.5 vs 81.1% and 98.2 vs 66.6%, respectively). The equivalent to ORF 7.7K in Ad7p was missing in Ad7h due to a deletion and a mutation affecting the start codon (ATG-->ATT). Although the hemagglutinin of the Ad7h fiber could not be characterized due to its lack of activity on monkey erythrocytes, our results indicate that Ad7h is an intermediate strain 7-3.
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PMID:Sequence analysis of the E3 region and fiber gene of human adenovirus genome type 7h. 856 Jul 66

We have encountered a 12-year-old girl with acute respiratory disease including pneumonia caused by adenovirus type 7. While being followed-up for bronchial asthma, she developed this disease with dyspnea accompanied by high fever, pharyngalgia and a dry cough subsequent to a slight fever. Adenovirus type 7 was separated and identified from the pharyngeal smear. Additionally, perfusion scintigraphy of the lungs presented evidence of interstitial pneumonia. with these findings and the clinical course put together, this case was diagnosed as having acute respiratory disease with pneumonia caused by adenovirus type 7. Thereafter, perfusion scintigraphy of the lungs continued showing interstitial shadows, which suggested the presence of severe sequlae of the lung. Formerly the separation rate of adenovirus type 7 was low in Japan, but the rate has tended to increase in cities in recent years. Cases presenting such acute, severe respiratory symptoms are expected to increase in the future, and clinically we consider to be our case important enough to be reported.
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PMID:[A 12-year-old girl with acute respiratory disease with pneumonia caused by adenovirus type 7]. 869

Adenovirus pneumonia is endemic among infants and children. We report an adult case of adenovirus pneumonia causing respiratory failure and infection in the patient's spouse. The case in the spouse presented as an exacerbation of COPD.
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PMID:The spectrum of adult adenovirus pneumonia. 876 29

We present a comparative histopathological study of both acute and chronic human adenovirus pneumonia, with reference to the cellular and extracellular matrix components. Seventeen lungs from autopsied patients whose ages ranged from 2 to 60 months were studied. Adenovirus types 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 were isolated from 15 patients with acute lung disease, and types 2 and 7 were isolated from the other two patients with chronic pulmonary illness. The results indicated the occurrence of two basic patterns of adenovirus interstitial pneumonia (1) classic pattern (acute), characterized by necrosis and degeneration and many type II pneumocytes with intranuclear inclusion bodies, which were positive for adenovirus DNA by in situ hybridization, and (2) proliferative or proliferative-productive pattern (chronic), which presented with diffuse pulmonary fibrosis and the interstitial proliferation of fibroblast-like cells, compatible with myofibroblasts (positive for vimentin and alpha smooth muscle actin), and increase in collagen types I and III, elastic fibers, and proteoglycans. Alveolar collapse appears to be an important pathogenetic mechanism in the development of this pattern.
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PMID:Acute and chronic human adenovirus pneumonia: cellular and extracellular matrix components. 902 50

Adenovirus infections are very common diseases, especially upper respiratory infections and diarrhea in infants. Moreover, adenoviruses can occasionally produce CNS infections. The common causative adenovirus is type 7 for them, and they have been associated with pneumonia and epidemics of adenovirus in family outbreaks. Reye-like syndrome has rarely been reported. As AIDS and other immunocompromised patients have increased, new reports of adenovirus CNS infections have also increased. Of course the immunosuppressed conditions have included lymphoma, transplant etc. In the near future, long term care for immunocompromised patients will have a crisis of adenovirus CNS infection. On the other hand, adenovirus CNS infections are difficult to diagnose precisely without special facilities, due to the need for adenovirus cultivation from CSF. In addition, the diagnosis may have limitations due to the many subtypes of adenovirus. Despite the benefits of PCR methods, standard laboratory testing procedures are still not established for diagnosis.
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PMID:[Adenovirus CNS infections]. 910 87


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