Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

13 cases of deep candidiasis (two or more positive blood cultures or histological evidence) are reported. The patients were hospitalized because of respiratory problems (pneumonia, neuromuscular respiratory failure, bronchial carcinoma, brochiectasis, chronic bronchitis and acute laryngitis). Frequency, clinical signs and symptoms and therapy are discussed. The importance of early diagnosis is stressed.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects and therapy of candidiasis in pneumological patients]. 83 94

We studied the effect of the weather on acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma in children by comparing records of 8,657 admissions for five acute respiratory diseases (3,064 for asthma) with concurrent meteorologic data. These diseases were classified according to their interrelations and distinct meteorologic patterns into two groups: (1) acute asthma and acute laryngitis, which are correlated with the afternoon gradients of air temperature, heat content (the thermal energy of the ambient air), and modified heat content factor (the energy required to heat the air water vapor to the ambient temperature), but not correlated with the absolute values of air temperature and water content: and (2), bronchopneumonia/pneumonia and upper respiratory infections, which are correlated only with the absolute values of the meteorologic parameters (air temperature, water content, heat content, and modified heat content factor), but not with their afternoon gradients. Admissions for bronchiolitis revealed an age-related pattern: up to 1 yr they resembled Group 2 and from 1 to 2 yr, Group 1. It follows that the admission rates of acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma in childhood are linked both to the afternoon weather gradients and to some of the acute respiratory infections.
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PMID:Acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma in children associated with afternoon weather changes. 206 37

Risk factors for the development of wheezing during infancy were studied in 5,953 children. The data for the study were collected from a large prospective investigation of children born in 1959-61, who had attended a one-year follow-up examination. Wheezing was diagnosed when the symptom had been observed at least once during the first year of life, not in conjunction with pneumonia, epiglottitis or acute laryngitis. Logit analysis was used for the purpose of assessing the causal effect of environmental and other factors on the risk of wheezing among infants. The assessment of a risk factor by means of regression technique, requires certain other variables to be included in the regression model. A general rule concerning inclusion of other variables has been formulated and applied to the above data. The study demonstrated that the risk of wheezing was affected by a number of factors--particularly environmental. Poor social environment increases the risk of wheezing, as does the mother's smoking, and placement of the baby in day-care. Boys experienced wheezing more often than girls. Premature infants are more liable to develop wheezing than mature children. Remarkably, children born in the period April through September develop wheezing, but not bronchitis, more often than children born in October through March.
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PMID:Risk factors for wheezing during infancy. A study of 5,953 infants. 366 Nov 72

A 16-month old baby developed severe respiratory failure because of acute laryngitis and required mechanical ventilation. Intubation was complicated by aspiration and development of chemical pneumonia. Following 4 days of treatment the child was successfully extubated. Thirty six hours after extubation the patient again developed respiratory failure and on chest X-ray pneumomediastinum was seen and later evidence of a mediastinal abscess. Conservative treatment, with antibiotics, effected complete cure.
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PMID:An unusual case of non-traumatic pneumococcal mediastinal abscess. 396

Sulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) was used in pediatric patients with acute infections, and the following results were obtained. SBT/CPZ was administered to 18 pediatric patients with acute infections. Out of them, 14 patients, i.e., 3 with acute tonsillitis, 1 with acute laryngitis, 1 with acute bronchitis, 4 with acute pneumonia, 4 with bronchopneumonia, 1 with pyothorax, were adopted for the evaluation, and the other 4 were excluded because they were judged inadequate for clinical efficacy evaluation. The clinical efficacy of SBT/CPZ was assessed as excellent in 4, good in 9 and fair in 1. The effective rate was 92.9%. In 6 cases causative organisms were detected, i.e., Haemophilus influenzae in 3, Klebsiella in 1 and Staphylococcus aureus in 2 cases. Eradication of these organisms was confirmed in all cases except for 1 patient with pyothorax caused by S. aureus. The doses used in 12 out of the evaluated 14 cases ranged from 58.4 to 80 mg/kg/day, 84.1 mg/kg/day was used in 1 case and 101.4 mg/kg/day was used in 1 case with pyothorax. Patients with severe infections were generally given large doses. The frequency of administration was 3 times per day except 1 case, and intravenous drip infusion was used in all cases. The duration of treatment was 2- less than 3 days for 7 cases, 3-5 days for 6 cases and 9 days for 1 case (pyothorax). No clinical side effects were observed in any case. In laboratory examinations, a slight elevation of GOT was observed in 1 case, but no abnormal findings in the other cases. From the above results, SBT/CPZ was considered to be a highly useful drug in the treatment of pediatric infections.
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PMID:[Clinical study on sulbactam/cefoperazone in the field of pediatrics]. 609 60

T-1982 (cefbuperazone) was evaluated in 25 children with a suspicion of bacterial infections, of the 21 confirmed bacterial infections, 18 were shown to be effective (efficacy rate, 85.7%). The diagnosis included pneumonia (4), bronchopneumonia (3), acute bronchitis (4), acute pharyngitis (1), acute laryngitis (1), acute epiglottitis (1), acute enterocolitis (3), cervical lymphadenitis (1), acute pyelonephritis (1) and suspected septicemia (2). The etiologic pathogens recovered were Haemophilus influenzae (4), Staphylococcus aureus (2), Salmonella typhimurium (1), Salmonella subgenus (1), and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (2). Among these strains, 7 strains were eradicated after treatment. A case of suspected septicemia and 2 cases of acute enterocolitis with Salmonella infection were not effectively treated with T-1982. The serum half-life of T-1982 was 1.2 hours after an intravenous bolus injection. No severe adverse reaction was encountered with the T-1982 therapy. The data suggest that T-1982 is an effective and safe parenteral antibiotic in the treatment of susceptible pediatric bacterial infections.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of T-1982 (cefbuperazone) in the pediatric infections]. 634 35

Ceftazidime (CAZ) was evaluated for its safety and efficacy in 31 children. Of the 25 confirmed bacterial infections, 23 were cured by the CAZ therapy (efficacy rate, 92%). CAZ was assessed as effective in acute pharyngitis with vomiting (4), acute laryngitis (1), pneumonia (8), urinary tract infections (5), acute gastroenteritis (1), infection accompanying acute leukemia (septicemia suspected) (1), acute purulent meningitis (2) and abscess of the lateral cervical cyst (1). The main pathogens which responded to CAZ were H. influenzae, S. pyogenes, E. coli and P. aeruginosa. As adverse events, mild melena with prolonged prothrombin time (1) was found to be associated with the CAZ therapy. Half-life of the CAZ serum level was 0.97 +/- 0.10 hours, and urinary excretion was high. Penetration into the CSF in 2 cases of acute purulent meningitis was satisfactory. The data suggest that CAZ is a safe and effective injectable antibiotic when used in children with infections of CAZ-susceptible bacteria including P. aeruginosa.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of ceftazidime in the treatment of pediatric infections]. 637 50

Viral diagnosis was performed using radioimmunoassay (RIA) for virus antigen in nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS) and complement-fixation (CF) tests of paired sera from specimens of 90 children hospitalized for acute respiratory infection. Major respiratory viruses sought for by both methods (adenoviruses, influenza A and B viruses, parainfluenza virus type 3, respiratory syncytial virus) were detected in 40 (44%) of the patients; 15% of the diagnoses were made by NPS-RIA alone. Serologic diagnosis of other viral infections was confirmed in six additional cases. In the different clinical entities a viral diagnosis was established as follows: pneumonia, 50%; upper or middle respiratory infection with no wheezing, 43%; acute laryngitis, 54%; and wheezing bronchitis, 29%. In each clinical entity the virus-positive and virus-negative patients had similar total leukocyte counts, mean C-reactive protein levels and mean erythrocyte sedimentation rates. There was no difference in the duration of hospitalization between the patients with positive and negative viral studies. It was not possible to divide the patients into clinical subgroups according to the presence or absence of detectable viral infection.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of radioimmunoassay of nasopharyngeal secretions and serology for diagnosis of viral infections in children hospitalized for respiratory infections. 716 28