Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032273 (pneumoconiosis)
 1,578 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 72-year-old man who had worked as a coal worker for 28 years and as a tunnel construction worker for 18 years was admitted because of fever, dyspnea, and appetite loss. Pneumoconiosis had been diagnosed when he was 64 years old and myelodysplastic syndrome at 71 years of age. After admission, the patient was treated with antibiotics and anti-fungal drugs but did not respond. Respiratory failure gradually worsened and he died. Autopsy specimens revealed that the cause of death was exacerbation of respiratory failure due to pulmonary proteinosis rather than pulmonary infection. This is a case of pulmonary proteinosis complicated with pneumoconiosis and myelodysplastic syndrome which, to our knowledge, is rare. We also considered the possibility that defective pulmonary macrophage function due to myelodysplastic syndrome and long-term silica inhalation played a part in the development of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in this case.
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PMID:[A case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis complicated with pneumoconiosis and myelodysplastic syndrome]. 1172 94

The aim of this study was to determine whether occupational exposure to chromite, trivalent chromium (Cr(3+)) or hexavalent chromium (Cr(6+)) causes respiratory diseases, an excess of respiratory symptoms, a decrease in pulmonary function or signs of pneumoconiosis among workers in stainless steel production. Altogether, 203 exposed workers and 81 referents with an average employment of 23 years were investigated for indicators of respiratory health on two occasions, in 1993 and in 1998. Data collection with a self-administered questionnaire, flow volume spirometry, measurement of diffusing capacity, chest radiography and laboratory tests were carried out by a mobile research unit. Exposure to different chromium species and other metals was monitored regularly and studied separately. No adverse respiratory health effects were observed in the group exposed to Cr(6+), either in comparison with the control group in the first cross-sectional study or during the additional 5 year follow-up. Among the Cr (3+) exposed people, the production of phlegm, shortness of breath and breathlessness on exertion were significantly more frequent than in the control group, but the frequency of the symptoms did not increase during the follow-up; no differences were observed in the lung function tests and the radiographic findings did not progress. In the chromite group, the prevalence of breathlessness on exertion was higher than in the control group. However, in the follow-up, the occurrence of symptoms did not differ from 1993 to 1998. In the first study, most parameters of lung function were lower among the smokers in the chromite group than among the smoking controls, but in 1998 the difference was less marked. An average exposure time of 23 years in modern ferrochromium and stainless steel production and low exposure to dusts and fumes containing Cr(6+), Cr(3+), nickel and molybdenum do not lead to respiratory changes detectable by lung function tests or radiography. The workers exposed to Cr(3+) had more respiratory symptoms than those in the control group. The workers in the chromite mine had lower lung function test results than the control group due to earlier exposure to higher dust concentrations.
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PMID:Respiratory health effects of long-term exposure to different chromium species in stainless steel production. 1209 86

A 65-year-old man with pneumoconiosis visited our hospital for dyspnea on effort. Chest radiography and computed tomography on admission showed cavities with an air-fluid level, consolidation in the right lower lung, and right pleural effusion. The thoracic cavity and an infected cyst were drained, and antibiotics were administered. On detection of molds like Aspergillus species and of aspergillus antigen from the sputum, aspergillosis was suspected and amphotericin B was administered intravenously. Renal dysfunction caused by amphotericin B led to its withdrawal. Abnormal shadows in the chest radiographs and computed tomograms did not improve. To aid in diagnosis, percutaneous intracavitary endoscopy was performed. Yellow-white mural nodules resembling cauliflower were found on endoscopic examination, and a biopsy specimen of the nodules showed hyphae of Aspergillus. Aspergillus fumigatus was cultured from the intracavity fluid. Pulmonary aspergillosis was diagnosed and amphotericin B was administered via the drainage catheter in order to protect renal function. The abnormal shadows then disappeared and the subsequent clinical course was good. In this case, percutaneous intracavitary endoscopy was useful in diagnosing pulmonary aspergillosis.
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PMID:[A case of chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis diagnosed using percutaneous intracavitary endoscopy]. 1293 75

Even in the twenty-first century, welding is still a common and a highly skilled occupation. The hazardous agents associated with welding processes are acetylene, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, ozone, phosgene, tungsten, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, silver, tin, and zinc. All welding processes involve the potential hazards for inhalation exposures that may lead to acute or chronic respiratory diseases. According to literature described earlier it has been suggested that welding fumes cause the lung function impairment, obstructive and restrictive lung disease, cough, dyspnea, rhinitis, asthma, pneumonitis, pneumoconiosis, carcinoma of the lungs. In addition, welding workers suffer from eye irritation, photokeratitis, cataract, skin irritation, erythema, pterygium, non-melanocytic skin cancer, malignant melanoma, reduced sperm count, motility and infertility. Most of the studies have been attempted previously to evaluate the effects of welding fumes. However, no collectively effort illuminating the general effects of welding fumes on different organs or systems or both in human has not been published. Therefore, the aim of this review is to gather the potential toxic effects of welding fumes documented by individual efforts and provide informations to community on hazards of welding.
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PMID:Health hazards of welding fumes. 1464 49

Clinical-and-biological, biochemical, immunological, histomorphological; X-ray and functional examinations of workers of an electric-melting shop manufacturing brass alloys, who had contacts with condensation aerosol with a high zinc oxide concentrations, were used to detect in them pneumoconiosis with the exogenous fibrosing alveolitis (ZEFA). Some workers had acute conditions, i.e. "foundry fever" speaking in clinical terms, which was followed by a period of "visible improvement" lasting on the average for 8.6 +/- 0.8 years. The latter was described by the autoimmune activation of B-lymphocytes accompanied by an intensified formation of circulating immune complexes with a sharp reduction of the DR-cell content. The disease onset is gradual with the below signs: increasing dyspnea, cough and cyanosis of the lips due to the developing hypoxemia with decreasing PO2 (below 80 mm Hg); it can also be displayed through a mixed type of respiratory insufficiency with a lower PO2 and a higher PCO2 (above 40 mm Hg)-X-ray showed reticular changes in the pulmonary pattern. Generation of a high-above-norm quantity of active forms of oxygen and nitrogen by alveolar macrophages and neutrophils in their contacts with cellular membranes is the key mechanism triggering the pathological process like it happens in all cases of pneumoconiosis. Transformation of the mentioned products of free-radical oxygenation into hydroxyl radicals in the catalytic centers of the dust-particle borders containing zinc (which is, like iron, a metal with transient valence) is ZEFA specificity. The factor draws together ZEFA with pathological processes caused by asbestos-fiber dust, which have iron ions in their catalytic centers.
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PMID:[Exogenous fibrosing alveolitis due to the condensation aerosol (smoke) of zinc oxide]. 1510 72

The purpose of this study was to obtain more information about health effects among the dust-exposed male miners of Bayun Obo Rare-Earth and Iron Mine, China. From 2,390 male miners from the seven dust-generating workshops of the mine, 136 dust-exposed miners were randomly selected for study. Of these, 64 men were from the high-dust-generating workshop and 72 from the lower-dust-generating workshops; the latter group was used as an internal control. Physical measurements and medical examinations were carried out on each of these 136 men. The average measured thorium lung burden for the high-dust-exposure miners was significantly greater than that for the group of lower-exposure miners, and the incidence of severe breathlessness and pneumoconiosis of stage 0(+) was also significantly raised in the high-exposure group relative to the low-exposure group. An epidemiological study of lung cancer mortality among all the miners and staff of this mine was also carried out. This showed significantly raised levels of lung cancer mortality in both exposed miners and unexposed workers when compared with the Chinese population, and the level in exposed miners was significantly higher than that in unexposed men. The general high rate of lung cancer mortality in the workers of the mine is attributed to high levels of cigarette smoking, and the raised rate in the exposed miners relative to the unexposed workers to inhalation of silica- and thorium-bearing dusts and thoron progeny.
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PMID:Recent results from a study of thorium lung burdens and health effects among miners in China. 1634 72

Although home oxygen therapy (HOT) has become one of the standard therapies in the management of chronic respiratory failure, especially for patient with hypoxia, there are very few studies about HOT in patients with pneumoconiosis. Therefore, we clinically investigated the characteristics of 97 patients with pneumoconiosis and 30 patients with COPD on home oxygen therapy (HOT) followed at Iwamizawa Rosai Hospital during the period from 1990 to 2003. The mean survival time in patients with pneumoconiosis (42 months) by the Kaplan-Meier method was shorter than in patents with COPD (75 months). Among the patients with pneumoconiosis divided by chest radiography classification of pneumoconiosis, there was no significant difference in mean survival time. The survival time in pneumoconiosis patients with dyspnea grade IV was shorter than in patients with dyspnea grade III.
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PMID:[Clinical analysis of home oxygen therapy in patients with pneumoconiosis at Iwamizawa Rosai Hospital]. 1636 62

A 69-year-old man who had been followed for pneumoconiosis complained of dyspnea with effort. He was hospitalized because chest roentogenography showed pleural effusion. Further examination of this pleural effusion revealed an eosinophilic cell population and with a varied appearance. First, we suspected tuberculous pleuritis from the characteristics of the pleural effusion, but we could not demonstrate the existence of any acid-fast bacilli. During diagnostic studies, the patient's respiratory status gradually worsened, making it impossible to obtain essential findings. We initiated steroid administration as an antidote to progressive respiratory failure, and carried out bronchoscopy; As a result, we diagnosed secondary pulmonary cryptococcosis from bronchoalveolar lavarge and transbronchial lung biopsy. Pulmonary cryptococcosis with pleural effusion is rare, and this may be the first report of a case involving a type 1 allergy. We speculate that immunological dysfunction contributed to disease progression in this case.
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PMID:[A case of secondary pulmonary cryptococcosis with pleural effusion involving type 1 allergy]. 1768 66

Pneumoconiosis is one of the major occupational health problems in China and increasing numbers of migrant workers suffered from this occupational disease after working in a dusty environment for few years. These migrant workers panicked after being diagnosed as suffering from pneumoconiosis and facing physiological disturbances including progressive dyspnea, respiratory failure or complications like silico-tuberculosis after their return to their rural village. This article reviews the preliminary results of a community rehabilitation pilot project conducted in a rural village in Guizhou, one of the provinces in southwest China. It shares the joint effort of professionals from Guangdong Province and Hong Kong SAR on supporting the migrant workers to manage and cope with this occupational disease. Finally, strategies including early intervention were suggested to help migrant workers to manage the disease. Most importantly, occupational health promotion and prevention were urged as the measures of utmost importance in reducing the risk for migrant workers suffering from pneumoconiosis.
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PMID:Pilot project in developing community rehabilitation service for migrant workers suffering from pneumoconiosis in Mainland China. 1819 37

Since 1939, it has been known that, silicosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis can be seen among dental technicians. The interstitial disease caused by the exposure to complex substances used by dental technicians is classified as a special group called dental technician's pneumoconiosis. A 36-year-old man, who has no smoking history, presented with severe dyspnea. He had worked in different dental laboratories for 22 years, but he did not have respiratory symptoms until five years ago. After that date, he had hospitalized and had been examined for respiratory pathologies for many times. He had came to our clinic, because of the progression of his dyspnea. Diffuse pulmonary parenchymal infiltrates which can be related with pneumoconiosis and chronic type 1 respiratory deficiency had been diagnosed as the result of the examinations. While he has no history of smoking or any other risk factors or diseases in his medical history, the case was accepted as dental technician's pneumoconiosis. The factors related with the pathogenesis of dental technician's pneumoconiosis are; the complex compound of the substances (metal dusts, silica, plaster, wax and resins, chemical liquids, methyl methacrylate) used in this sector and their effects on the lung parenchyma. Extrinsic allergic alveolitis related with methyl methacrylate has been reported. The most important factor to acquire an occupational lung disease is a complex occupational exposure. The insufficient workplace airing and the lack of preventive measures added on this exposure, the risks become much more greater.
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PMID:[Dental technician's pneumoconiosis; a case report]. 1870 82


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