Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032273 (pneumoconiosis)
 1,578 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-two cases (20.13%) of primary lung cancer from 159 coal miner autopsies of Beijing coal mining area are reported in this study. The ratio of peripheral type to central type of lung cancer is 1.9:1; among them the adenocarcinoma is the most frequent (56.25%). Pathological examination shows that the diffuse interstitial type is the most common lung cancer. The occurrence of adenocarcinoma and the degree of lung fibrosis is related. The average number of ferruginous bodies is 190.2 +/- 8.06 in adenocarcinoma, 165.4 +/- 2.60 in squamous carcinoma, the difference is statistically significant (P < 0.05). The amount of trace elements-Fe, Al, Al/Si and Zn/Cu in lung with cancer is less than that without cancer. This article also discusses the relationship between coal mine pneumoconiosis with lung cancer of the formation of ferruginous bodies in the lung tissue of coal miner autopsies, which resembles the lung cancer combined with asbestosis. We also discussed the carcinogenesis of trace element in lung.
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PMID:[Study on the incidence of coal mine pneumoconiosis and lung cancer in Beijing coal mining district]. 129 8

Silicon carbide is a widely used synthetic abrasive manufactured by heating silica and coke in electric furnaces at 2400 degrees C. Until recently it had been considered a relatively inert dust in humans and animals. However, several roentgenologic surveys had revealed lesions similar to low-grade silicosis. A recent epidemiological study has revealed a 35% incidence of pulmonary problems. Tissues from three such workers were available for light microscopy. A mixed pneumoconiosis was found, and lesions can be summarized as follows: (a) abundance of intraalveolar macrophages associated with a mixture of inhaled particles including carbon, silicon, pleomorphic crystals, silicon carbide, and ferruginous bodies showing a thin black central core; (b) nodular fibrosis, generally profuse, containing silica and ferruginous bodies and associated with large amount of carbon pigment; (c) interstitial fibrosis, less prominent than the nodular form; (d) carcinoma in two cases. We believe this pneumoconiosis is sufficiently characteristic to be recognized as a distinct entity. The Stanton hypothesis on fiber properties and carcinogenesis could be applied to silicon carbide dust. At present, it appears that the occupational hazard is limited to the manufacturing process and powdered product used in some industries.
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PMID:Pathology of silicon carbide pneumoconiosis. 323 93

Over-expression of the c-erbB-2 oncogene-encoded p185 protein product has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of human malignancies, including lung cancer. Over-expression of p185 can be detected immunologically by quantification of the extracellular domain of p185 (c-erbB-2 oncopeptide) in extracellular fluid in vitro and in serum in vivo. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the c-erbB-2 oncopeptide was used to examine banked serum samples of 11 pneumoconiosis patients who subsequently developed lung cancer and serum samples from 11 hospital controls matched for age, sex, ethnic group and smoking as well as 55 unmatched general population controls. The mean serum level for the c-erbB-2 oncopeptide in human neu units/ml in the lung cancer cases (1,756 +/- 549 HNU/ml) was statistically significantly elevated (p < 0.001) in comparison to the mean level in the matched controls (976 +/- 488 HNU/ml) or the general population controls (888 +/- 655 HNU/ml). Defining a positive elevation of the serum c-erbB-2 oncopeptide as any value more than 2 standard deviations above the mean of the matched controls, 64% (7 of 11) of the lung cancer cases were positive compared to 0% (0 of 11) matched controls and 5% (3 of 55) of the unmatched controls. In addition, 4 of the 7 c-erbB-2 oncopeptide-positive cancer cases had positive serum samples prior to the time of disease diagnosis (average = 35 months). These results suggest that serum c-erbB-2 oncopeptide may be elevated at an early stage of pulmonary carcinogenesis and that further prospective study of the utility of this biomarker is warranted.
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PMID:Detection of increased amounts of the extracellular domain of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in serum during pulmonary carcinogenesis in humans. 790 54

A total of 764 autopsy cases with a pathological diagnosis of nonasbestos pneumoconiosis were investigated in a search for lung cancer: 146 patients bore 148 lung cancers (19.1%). The incidence of a lung cancer was associated positively with aging longer occupational exposures, and smoking habits. A reverse correlation was found between carcinogenesis and the severity of pneumoconiosis. A statistically significant increase in the incidence of certain types of lung cancer (squamous cell carcinoma + small cell carcinoma) was found in silicotic lungs with massive fibrosis as compared to lungs with mixed dust pneumoconiosis of comparable severity. Although there appears to be no dose-response relationship in general between silicosis and lung cancer, it is advisable to consider the possibility that a presumptive silica-induced carcinogenesis might be masked by the severe fibrosis of a silicotic type, which obliterates the lung tissue in a different way from asbestosis, which is associated with epithelial proliferation.
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PMID:Silicosis, mixed dust pneumoconiosis, and lung cancer. 935 15

Occupational exposures to mineral particles cause pneumoconiosis and other diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play a key role in the mechanisms of disease initiation and progression following exposure to these particles. ROS-induced primary stimuli result in the increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and other mediators, promoting events that appear to be important in the progression of cell injury and pulmonary disease. We have provided evidence supporting the hypothesis that inhalation of insoluble particles such as asbestos, agricultural dusts, coal, crystalline silica, and inorganic dust can be involved in facilitating multiple pathways for persistent generation of ROS, which may lead to a continuum of inflammation leading to progression of disease. This article briefly summarizes some of the recent findings from our laboratories with emphasis on the molecular events by which ROS are involved in promoting pneumoconiosis and carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Reactive oxygen species: their relation to pneumoconiosis and carcinogenesis. 978 90

Mutations of suppressor gene p53 was studied in 36 cases of silica related lung cancer and 6 cases of welding fume related lung cancer with immunohistochemical and PCR-SSCP methods. Cancer tissues were embedded in paraffin and stored for 13.4 years in average. Results revealed that there was abnormal mobility shift of electrophoresis in 18 cases with 20 point mutations of 42 specimens tested, accounted for 42.9%, and 50% (10/20) of the mutations were clustered in exon 8. This finding differed from mutational spectrum of gene in non-occupational lung cancer, in which mutation frequency of exon 8 ranged from 17.5% to 23.5%. Gene mutation frequency in varied pathological categories of pneumoconiosis related lung cancer also differed from that in common lung cancer. In the latter, the highest one was in small cell lung cancer (70%) and the lowest in adenocarcinoma (33%), but in the former, the highest in adenocarcinoma (53.9%) and the lowest in small cell lung cancer (30.8%). Immunohistochemical observations also showed a very high prevalence of p53 gene mutation expression (46.9%). Sequencing, which was determined in two cases of this study, revealed that two point mutations all occurred in non-hotspot codon 144 of p53 gene. Difference in gene mutation spectrum suggests that there exist specific carcinogens and carcinogenesis in silica and welding fume related lung cancer.
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PMID:[A preliminary study on p53 gene in lung cancer tissues of workers exposed to silica and welding fumes]. 981 93

To elucidate the characteristics of lung cancer complicated by pneumoconiosis, we compared the clinical features of complicated and uncomplicated lung cancer cases. The average age at onset was higher for patients with pneumoconiosis than for those without. Because pneumoconiosis presents various respiratory symptoms, subjective symptoms were less important than objective symptoms in detecting lung cancer complicated by pneumoconiosis. Although fiberoptic bronchoscopy was the predominant diagnostic method, it could not be used with the pneumoconiosis patients. Diagnoses of lung cancer complicated by pneumoconiosis were made more after by percutaneous needle aspiration cytology. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent form of cancer in patients with pneumoconiosis, which suggests that the inhalation of carcinogens may play a role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. With respect to the smoking index (SI), histological specimens indicated that the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in patients with pneumoconiosis was significantly higher in heavy smokers (SI > or = 600) than in light smokers (SI < 600) or nonsmokers. It is suspected that smoking affects carcinogenesis of pneumoconiosis. No differences in the distribution of lung cancer (right-left, hilar-peripheral) distinguished the 2 groups. Many of the patients with peripheral-type lung cancer and pneumoconiosis had tumors in the lower lung lobes. These findings underline the importance of encouraging pneumoconiosis patients to avoid lung cancer by not smoking, and to have lung cancer detected in its early stages by undergoing regular medical exams.
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PMID:[Clinical study of lung cancer complicated by pneumoconiosis]. 986 76