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Query: UMLS:C0032273 (pneumoconiosis)
 1,578 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pneumoconiosis may be classified as either fibrotic or nonfibrotic, according to the presence or absence of fibrosis. Silicosis, coal worker pneumoconiosis, asbestosis, berylliosis, and talcosis are examples of fibrotic pneumoconiosis. Siderosis, stannosis, and baritosis are nonfibrotic forms of pneumoconiosis that result from inhalation of iron oxide, tin oxide, and barium sulfate particles, respectively. In an individual who has a history of exposure to silica or coal dust, a finding of nodular or reticulonodular lesions at chest radiography or small nodules with a perilymphatic distribution at thin-section computed tomography (CT), with or without eggshell calcifications, is suggestive of silicosis or coal worker pneumoconiosis. Magnetic resonance imaging is helpful for distinguishing between progressive massive fibrosis and lung cancer. CT and histopathologic findings in asbestosis are similar to those in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, but the presence of asbestos bodies in histopathologic specimens is specific for the diagnosis of asbestosis. Giant cell interstitial pneumonia due to exposure to hard metals is classified as a fibrotic form of pneumoconiosis and appears on CT images as mixed ground-glass opacities and reticulation. Berylliosis simulates pulmonary sarcoidosis on CT images. CT findings in talcosis include small centrilobular and subpleural nodules or heterogeneous conglomerate masses that contain foci of high attenuation indicating talc deposition. Siderosis is nonfibrotic and is indicated by a CT finding of poorly defined centrilobular nodules or ground-glass opacities.
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PMID:Pneumoconiosis: comparison of imaging and pathologic findings. 1641 44

Stannosis is a non-fibrotic form of pneumoconiosis in which tin-oxide is accumulated in pulmonary parenchyma as a result of inhalation of tin-oxide (stannic oxide) dust and fume. Chest radiograph shows numerous small very dense nodules in both lungs. Although radiological findings of stannosis were apparent, the patients were clinically in good condition, and pulmonary function test (PFT) values showed no disability. Case 1, 70-year-old man had exercise dyspnea for four years. He worked as a tinner for 40 years. A slight restriction was detected in his PFT. Diffused, small, dense, reticulonodular opacities were detected on chest X-ray. Thorax high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) revealed dense, common noduler lesions, reticulation and honeycomb appearance. Case 2, the patient was a 50-year-old woman. She had been exposed tin fume for 33 years and never smoked. In PFT, a slightly low FEV1 value and a normal FVC value were detected. Diffused reticulonodular opacities were detected on chest X-ray. On thorax HRCT, ground glass densities in some areas, widespread interlobulary septal thickening, peribronchial thickening predominant in perihilar regions in both lungs and subpleural milimetric nodular densities were observed in the upper and middle lobe of the right lung. Two patients who exposed to tin fume are described. However, contrary to what is expected, both patients clinically deterioted and died as a result of respiratory failure.
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PMID:Is tin fume exposure benign or not? Two case reports. 2003 59