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Query: UMLS:C0032273 (pneumoconiosis)
 1,578 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lung function and chest radiographs were reviewed in 357 coalworkers who had been referred from the Cardiff Pneumoconiosis Medical Panel. The chest films were read according to the 1980 ILO classification of radiographs by three experienced readers. An irregularity score, reflecting the shape of the small opacities, was derived from the readings and compared with the lung function variables. Men with higher irregularity scores had significant reductions in ventilatory capacity and gas transfer factor, with no change in total lung capacity, after age, height, profusion of small opacities, and smoking habit had been taken into account. The effects were present both in those with and in those without large opacities. The agreement between readers over the shape of opacities was almost as good as for their profusion. Men with rounded opacities had a lower gas transfer factor if they were predominantly of the "p" type. The results are consistent with those for a combination of emphysema and interstitial fibrosis, which has been found in coalworkers with irregular opacities.
Thorax 1982 Oct
PMID:Shape of small opacities and lung function in coalworkers. 715 17

Four patients are described in whom pneumoconiosis was diagnosed towards the end of a lifetime's work in shale mines. All developed complicated pneumoconiosis, diagnosed in two cases at necropsy, in one by lobectomy, and in one radiologically. Two of the patients were found at necropsy also to have peripheral squamous lung cancer. The clinical and histological features of the disease resembled the pneumoconioses of coalminers and kaolin workers and the lungs of three of the patients were shown to contain dust composed predominantly of kaolinite, mica, and silica. Shale miners' complicated pneumoconiosis has not previously been described. Although the British shale industry is now defunct, oil production from shale is expanding in other countries, notably the USA. It is suggested that control should be exercised over dust exposure levels in this industry and that epidemiological studies should be carried out to quantify the risks of both pneumoconiosis and bronchial carcinoma.
Thorax 1981 Jun
PMID:Pneumoconiosis of shale miners. 731 11

Histological sections from 30 lower lobe bronchi, taken from coalminers' lungs collected for the British National Coal Board's Pneumoconiosis Field Research, were selected according to the proportion of mucous gland area occupying the non-cartilaginous part of the bronchial wall. The total gland area expressed as a percentage of the non-cartilaginous wall was called the gland index. Estimations were made of the total number of gland cells and acini on a section and of their numbers per unit area of gland. These estimations were compared with the gland index. The total numbers of gland cells and acini were found to be directly related to the gland index (r=0.84 and 0.86), whereas no relationship was found between the number of gland cells or acini per unit area of gland and the gland index (r=0.08 and 0.02). This indicates that bronchial mucous gland enlargement is primarily a hyperplastic change. A direct relationship between the numbers of gland cells per unit area of gland and acini per unit area gland was found (r=0.69), and this suggests that acinar enlargement is likely to be caused by accumulation of mucus in the acinar lumen.
Thorax 1980 Mar
PMID:Quantitative study of bronchial mucous gland enlargement. 738 91

The case history is presented of a 58 year old man who was exposed to thermoplastic dusts, mainly polyvinyl chloride (PVC), for 10 years. Radiography and high resolution computed tomographic scans of the lungs suggested both pneumoconiotic and scleroderma-like lesions. Transbronchial biopsy revealed foreign body granulomas with macrophages laden with birefringent inclusions which ultrastructurally resembled PVC dust. Biopsy samples of thickened skin showed histological evidence of extensive fibrosis. During follow up Raynaud's phenomenon and oesophageal involvement developed. The antinuclear antibody titre was 1:640, and the Sc1-70 subset was positive. It is concluded that exposure to PVC dust may cause pneumoconiosis and secondary systemic sclerosis.
Thorax 1995 May
PMID:Pneumoconiosis and systemic sclerosis following 10 years of exposure to polyvinyl chloride dust. 759 77

A 35 year old man heavily exposed to polyvinylchloride (PVC) polymer dust developed dyspnoea and a mild restrictive lung disorder consistent with PVC pneumoconiosis. Clinical and radiological abnormalities cleared on removal from exposure, suggesting that in its early stages PVC pneumoconiosis is reversible.
Thorax 1997 Aug
PMID:Regression of polyvinylchloride polymer pneumoconiosis. 933 40

The case history is presented of a patient with pathologically proven dendriform pulmonary ossification and rare earth pneumoconiosis confirmed by analytical transmission electron microscopy. This is thought to be the first report of this association.
Thorax 2005 Aug
PMID:Dendriform pulmonary ossification in patient with rare earth pneumoconiosis. 1606 14

Diffuse interlobular septal thickening (DIST) is an abnormality seen on high-resolution CT (HRCT) scanning of the thorax. While DIST may be present to variable extents in a number of lung conditions, it is uncommon as a predominant finding except in a few entities. This report features an ex-coal miner, thought to have coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), in whom the HRCT scan showed no evidence of CWP and instead showed DIST. The patient's condition progressed incessantly towards death from severe secondary pulmonary hypertension. The case links fatal pulmonary hypertension to DIST, a pattern not previously described in coal workers.
Thorax 2010 Jan
PMID:Diffuse interlobular septal thickening in a coal miner. 2002 40

Stannosis is a non-fibrotic form of pneumoconiosis in which tin-oxide is accumulated in pulmonary parenchyma as a result of inhalation of tin-oxide (stannic oxide) dust and fume. Chest radiograph shows numerous small very dense nodules in both lungs. Although radiological findings of stannosis were apparent, the patients were clinically in good condition, and pulmonary function test (PFT) values showed no disability. Case 1, 70-year-old man had exercise dyspnea for four years. He worked as a tinner for 40 years. A slight restriction was detected in his PFT. Diffused, small, dense, reticulonodular opacities were detected on chest X-ray. Thorax high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) revealed dense, common noduler lesions, reticulation and honeycomb appearance. Case 2, the patient was a 50-year-old woman. She had been exposed tin fume for 33 years and never smoked. In PFT, a slightly low FEV1 value and a normal FVC value were detected. Diffused reticulonodular opacities were detected on chest X-ray. On thorax HRCT, ground glass densities in some areas, widespread interlobulary septal thickening, peribronchial thickening predominant in perihilar regions in both lungs and subpleural milimetric nodular densities were observed in the upper and middle lobe of the right lung. Two patients who exposed to tin fume are described. However, contrary to what is expected, both patients clinically deterioted and died as a result of respiratory failure.
 ...
PMID:Is tin fume exposure benign or not? Two case reports. 2003 59


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