Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032273 (pneumoconiosis)
 1,578 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We retrospectively prepared step sections of the transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) materials which revealed nondiagnostic findings in their original sections in patients with diffuse lung disease, and evaluated the significance of the examination of step sections in the diagnosis of diffuse lung disease. Of 131 cases with nondiagnostic TBLB findings, the preparation of step sections resulted in specific findings in 6 cases (malignancy 3 cases, tuberculosis 1 case, cryptococcosis 1 case and viral infection 1 case), and histopathological changes consistent with the clinical diagnosis in 25 cases. The step section preparation was especially useful for the detection of epithelioid granuloma and tumor tissue in patients with sarcoidosis and carcinoma, respectively, while its contribution to the diagnosis of collagen-vascular disease, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, atypical pneumonia and pneumoconiosis was relatively small. The step section preparation was also useful for the detection of bronchiolitis obliterans. In addition, step sections uncovered clinically unnoticed infection (purulent exudate in the alveolar space) in 6 cases, 3 of whom actually developed pneumonia thereafter. Thus, the preparation of step sections was considered to be useful clinically in 37 cases (28.2%). The preparation of step sections is recommended before a further diagnostic procedure is chosen, when TBLB performed in patients with diffuse lung disease reveals nondiagnostic findings.
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PMID:[Step section preparation of transbronchial lung biopsy material in diffuse lung disease]. 229 Feb 27

Abnormal Q waves have been generally considered to be one of the most reliable indicators of permanent myocardial cell death, namely myocardial infarction. Pathological and experimental studies also support this concept. However, some cases of abnormal Q waves disappearing after myocardial infarction have been reported. Recently, we observed acute myocardial infarction with pneumoconiosis. In this case, a patient with abnormal Q waves appeared within 24 hours after the onset of acute myocardial infarction. But, thirteen days later, these abnormal Q waves disappeared on the surface twelve-lead ECG. The precise mechanism for regression or disappearance of abnormal Q waves is not yet well known. Several studies pointed out a relation of this phenomenon to myocardial collateral circulation under ischemia. And, Nonkin et al reported that, patients with chronic lung disease such like pneumoconiosis, had high incidence of collateral circulation to the myocardium. This was due to chronic hypoxic conditions. In our case, cineangiographic study could not be performed, but disappearance of abnormal Q wave (so called Transient abnormal Q waves), following acute myocardial infarction may be related to the presence of chronic lung disease.
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PMID:[Transient abnormal Q waves under acute myocardial infarction in patients with pneumoconiosis]. 233 Apr 57

Thin-section computed tomography (CT) was performed in 244 patients with infiltrative lung diseases and 29 healthy control subjects to evaluate the frequency, profusion, and diagnostic value of subpleural parenchymal micronodules. These areas of increased attenuation (less than 7 mm in diameter) were analyzed in four groups: coal miners with chest radiographic findings of coal worker's pneumoconiosis (n = 61), coal miners with no radiographic evidence of pneumoconiosis (n = 73), patients with nonoccupational chronic infiltrative lung disease (n = 110), and healthy adults (n = 29). Subpleural parenchymal micronodules were observed with high frequency in pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis, coal worker's pneumoconiosis, and sarcoidosis but were also seen in 14% of control subjects. Predominant sites of lesions were the posterior subpleural areas in the upper lobes. Subpleural parenchymal micronodules have no diagnostic value when observed as an isolated CT finding but may suggest that diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, sarcoidosis, or pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis when observed in association with mild parenchymal lesions.
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PMID:Subpleural micronodules in diffuse infiltrative lung diseases: evaluation with thin-section CT scans. 239 12

Aluminium potroom workers have been reported to develop severe pneumoconiosis and bronchial hyperreactivity. The influence of inhalation of aluminium oxide and fluorides on the alveolar milieu was studied by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in 14 male non-smoking potroom workers; 28 non-smoking healthy volunteers served as controls. The total numbers, concentrations, and proportions of various alveolar cells did not differ between the groups. The concentrations of albumin and fibronectin in BAL fluid were significantly higher (p less than 0.01 for both) in the exposed workers, reflecting an increased alveolar capillary permeability and an activation of alveolar macrophages (AMs). The concentration of angiotensin converting enzyme, another AM marker, was, however, decreased (p less than 0.01) in the workers. The concentration of hyaluronan, a fibroblast marker, did not differ between the groups. AMs from workers had a decreased capacity (p less than 0.05) to interact with yeast C3b particles but not to ingest them. The expression of HLA-DR and OKM1 on the cell surfaces of AMs were equal in the two groups. The BAL findings were not accompanied by restrictive lung disease in the workers. The fact that only a discrete alveolitis was found in the potroom workers may be due to a low grade of exposure to alumina and fluorides and to frequent use of respiratory protection equipment.
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PMID:Characteristics of alveolar cells and soluble components in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from non-smoking aluminium potroom workers. 255 78

Gallium 67 lung scan has recently become increasingly used to evaluate the biological activity of alveolitis of interstitial lung diseases and to stage the disease process. In order to have a more precise and objective indicator of the inflammatory activity in the lung, we and others have developed computer-based quantitative techniques to process the 67Ga scan. In this report, we compare the results of three such computer-based methods of analysis of the scans of 38 normal humans and 60 patients suspected to have pneumoconiosis. Results of previous investigations on the mechanisms of 67Ga uptake in interstitial lung disease are reviewed. These data strengthen the view that quantitative 67Ga lung scan has become a standard technique to assess inflammatory activity in the interstitial lung diseases and that computer-based method of analysis of the scan provides an index of inflammatory activity of the lung disease that correlates with lung lavage and biopsy indices of inflammation in the lung tissue.
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PMID:Quantitative gallium 67 lung scan to assess the inflammatory activity in the pneumoconioses. 354 65

Cough is a common symptom in the smoking and non-smoking patient seeking medical attention from the office-based physician. Often, a comprehensive history and physical examination suggest the correct diagnosis, and specific therapy can be directed to the underlying disease. A chest roentgenogram is an essential part of the workup; it may suggest tuberculosis, chronic fungal infection, bronchiectasis, or lung abscess. In addition, bronchogenic carcinoma, which is increasing in frequency in the population, has several common manifestations that can be recognized on the chest roentgenogram. Pulmonary function studies are often helpful in the workup of the patient with chronic cough. A pattern of obstructive lung disease is seen with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and bronchiectasis. Diseases that cause lung fibrosis, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, and pneumoconiosis, give a restrictive ventilatory defect. Bronchoprovocation testing can be helpful when baseline pulmonary function tests are normal and the diagnosis of postviral bronchitis or cough-variant asthma is suggested. If the bronchial inhalation challenge is negative, these diagnoses can be excluded. Chronic rhinosinusitis with associated postnasal drip is one of the most common causes of chronic cough and is often difficult to confirm because the physical examination and roentgenogram of the paranasal sinuses may be normal. In a great majority of patients with chronic cough, a diagnosis can be established by simple, clinical and laboratory procedures used in the outpatient setting.
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PMID:Chronic cough. Diagnosis and treatment. 384 18

Lung findings among 13 workers employed in a carbon black plant are presented. The concentrations of respirable dust at the work place exceeded the MAC for dust free of quartz. X-rays show disseminated small irregular and large shadows with slow progress. In two cases lung tissue was examinated histologically. Both accumulation of carbon black and development of collagen fibers were seen. According to x-rays and histological findings the lung disease can be estimated as a pneumoconiosis. Legal recognition of carbon black lung as an occupational disease can be achieved in a special procedure called "Sonderentscheidverfahren".
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PMID:[Soot lung as occupational disease]. 384 35

A case-control study was performed to test whether or not respiratory disease in coal miners presented a risk for suicide. While coal miners in general do not experience elevated rates of suicide, coal miners with respiratory disease have been found to have high rates of psychiatric disability, especially depressive reactions. Further, depression has been related to suicide. To test the hypothesis, 50 suicide deaths from four National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health cohorts of coal miners were matched by age at death to two series of controls, a noncancer, nonaccident control series, and a cancer control series. Using odds ratios (tested by chi-square) the risks of obstructive lung disease and coal workers pneumoconiosis were evaluated together with the risks of years of underground mining, cigarette smoking at the time of cohort creation, and ever having smoked cigarettes. Neither respiratory disease was found to pose a statistically elevated risk of suicide in this sample of U.S. white male coal miners.
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PMID:Respiratory disease and suicide among U.S. coal miners: is there a relationship? 387 Sep 26

The polycythaemic response to hypoxia was studied in 30 ex-coal miners, comprising 14 patients with complicated pneumoconiosis and 16 with chronic non-specific lung disease. A close correlation was found between arterial oxygen saturation and haemoglobin, packed-cell volume, and the red cell mass.
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PMID:Polycythaemia in coal miners with chronic lung disease. 576 61

Acute respiratory failure is a common life-threatening condition in old age. Structural alterations, progressive loss of lung functional reserves and weakening of pulmonary defense mechanisms are the main factors responsible. The aging lung itself contributes only little to the increased risk, but if combined with chronic lung disease, such as bronchitis, asthma, fibrosis, tuberculosis, pneumoconiosis, severe deterioration of lung function may occur. In many cases, respiratory failure results from an accumulation of the following factors: aging lung, chronic lung disease, cor pulmonale, acute complication. Today, chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) is one of the most important conditions leading to ventilatory failure in the elderly. Carcinoma of the lung and other manifestations of malignant diseases may also be important. Treatment of the acute respiratory failure in the elderly must include three components: 1. treatment of the acute complication triggering the crisis, 2. treatment of the underlying chronic disease, 3. treatment of concomitant extrapulmonary diseases. After recovery, special attention must be directed towards preventing repeated respiratory failure.
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PMID:[Pneumologic emergency conditions in geriatrics. With special reference to risk factors]. 650 Apr 59


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