Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032273 (pneumoconiosis)
 1,578 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peripheral calcification of lymph nodes, "eggshell calcification," commonly occurs in patients with silicosis and coal-worker's pneumoconiosis. Sarcoidosis, postirradiation Hodgkin disease, blastomycosis, and scleroderma are other reported causes. Two not previously described causes, amyloidosis and histoplasmosis, are presented, and disorders that simulate eggshell calcification are listed. The explanation for the eggshell pattern of calcification is not known.
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PMID:Eggshell calcification of lymph nodes: an update. 677 37

We have reviewed the accumulated evidence for the explanation of the apical localization of pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis, and massive fibrosis of the lung due to silicosis and coal-workers pneumoconiosis. The effect of gravity on the erect human lung results in greatly diminished pulmonary artery blood flow in the apical and subapical areas. This in turn results in higher oxygen tensions but also impairment of tissue clearance mechanisms in these areas. Analysis of the accumulated evidence better supports the theory of lymph stasis and impaired clearance of antigenic substances as the major determinant of the apical localization of pulmonary tuberculosis rather than the presently favored oxygen tension theory. The impaired clearance theory also best explains the apical localization of chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis and progressive massive fibrosis of the lung.
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PMID:Apical localization of pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis, and progressive massive fibrosis of the lung. 683 25

Blastomyces dermatitidis is a thermally dimorphic fungus that can cause pulmonary, extrapulmonary, or disseminated infections. Though it can infect both immune-competent and immunocompromised hosts, the disease can be severe in immunocompromised hosts. Exposure to silica dust is associated with silicosis, and this is associated with impaired immunity and an increased risk of mycobacterial and fungal infections. The fungal infections commonly associated with pneumoconiosis are pulmonary aspergillosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis. However, there is a dearth of data on the association of pneumoconiosis and blastomycosis. Clinical deterioration and new cavitary lesions in patients with pneumoconiosis should alert clinicians of new pulmonary infection. Traditional sputum sampling may lead to poor diagnostic yield, because the organism is frequently surrounded by a fibrotic wall. Aggressive diagnostic testing with lung or skin biopsies may be warranted. We present the first reported case of disseminated blastomycosis in a patient with coalworkers' pneumoconiosis.
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PMID:Disseminated blastomycosis in coalworkers' pneumoconiosis. 3165 42

Miliary shadows on chest imaging have wide differential diagnoses. The most common etiology is infectious, such as miliary tuberculosis (TB) and histoplasmosis, but miliary shadows can be the presentation of sarcoidosis, pneumoconiosis, and secondary metastasis to the lungs from primary cancers of the thyroid, kidney, and trophoblasts as well as sarcomas. Here we present the case of a 35-year-old Indian male who presented with a 2-month history of dry cough and shortness of breath. Chest imaging showed diffuse bilateral miliary nodules. The initial impression was that of miliary pulmonary TB. Subsequent bronchoscopy with a transbronchial biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma with brain metastasis, which is a rare and unusual presentation of primary lung cancer. The tumor was positive for ALK5A4 and PD-L1, and the patient was started on tyrosine kinase inhibitor immunotherapy, with a favorable response.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of the Lung Mimicking Miliary Tuberculosis. 3223 35