Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032273 (pneumoconiosis)
 1,578 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Altered permeability of the gut is a well-described feature in Crohn's disease. Because of pathologic similarities between Crohn's disease and sarcoidosis, we initiated this study to evaluate the permeability of the gut mucosal lining in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. A group of 18 patients with biopsy-proven pulmonary sarcoidosis (active n = 8, inactive n = 10) were included in the study. Control groups included 22 patients with Crohn's disease (active n = 12, inactive n = 10), nine untreated patients with recent pulmonary tuberculosis, six patients with coal worker's pneumoconiosis (CWP), eight patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and 16 healthy subjects. All were nonsmokers. The 24-h urinary excretion of 100 microCi 51Cr-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (51Cr-EDTA) was used to test the intestinal permeability (IP). As previously demonstrated, patients with active Crohn's disease demonstrated a dramatic increase in IP (7.7 +/- 1.4%) that was clearly reduced in inactive CD (2.34 +/- 0.54%). Patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis exhibited a marked increased IP to 51Cr-EDTA (4 +/- 0.54%), which was not found in patients with inactive sarcoidosis (1.6 +/- 0.17%). IP was normal in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (1.03 +/- 0.25%), CWP (2.1 +/- 0.54%), and IPF (1.9 +/- 0.33%) and did not differ from the control group (1.76 +/- 0.23%). In addition, in 6 patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis, the concentrations of albumin and hyaluronan were measured in jejunal perfusion fluid and compared with those obtained from 10 patients with active Crohn's disease and 16 control subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Increased intestinal permeability in active pulmonary sarcoidosis. 159 16

The interest in sputum assessment as a non-invasive technique to retrieve cells and soluble material from the lung has increased and gained momentum during the last decade. As a marker of inflammation in airway diseases, induced sputum (IS) is a particularly promising procedure since it provides specific information on both the cellular and molecular constituents in inflammation. From 1950-1970, sputum cells had been examined on stained smears, with the procedure having been applied in both research and clinical settings. After having been recovered by spontaneous coughing, the cells were used to study lung cancer and respiratory infections and, later on, to diagnose Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients infected with human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV). The method was widely improved upon by the induction of sputum with aerosol of hypertonic saline and then extended to become part of the assessment of airway inflammation in bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It was recently shown that IS can be used to study interstitial lung diseases (ILD) and, more specifically, pneumoconiosis, sarcoidosis, non-granulomatous ILD and occupational lung diseases. In light of the fact that immunologic and functional bronchopulmonary abnormalities may be present in up to two-thirds of patients with Crohn's disease, we studied the use of IS in this condition as well. This review analyzes the value of IS and its present applications in pulmonary medicine.
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PMID:Induced sputum: opening a new window to the lung. 1158 97

It has been a big puzzle as why the inflammation of ulcerative colitis (UC) is limited to the mucosa, while in Crohn's disease (CD) the inflammation is transmural and can be seen in all layers of the gut. Here, I give a tentative explanation extended from the unified hypothesis I proposed on the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease. This hypothesis suggested that both UC and CD are caused by weakening of the gut barrier due to damage of the protective mucus layer and the underlying tissue by the poorly inactivated digestive proteases resulting from a reduction of gut bacteria by dietary chemicals like saccharin and sucralose. However, the large amounts of bacteria in the colon make the recruitment of neutrophils and formation of crypt abscess the main manifestation of UC, while the infiltration of antigens and dietary particles in the small and large intestine mainly cause the recruitment of macrophages and formation of granulomas as the main manifestations in CD. The fast reacting and short life span of neutrophils make the fight and damage limited to the surface of the mucosa. In contrast, the long life span and constant movement of macrophages may bring the harmful agents deep into the tissue. Therefore, the pathogenesis of UC may be more like bacterial pneumonia, while CD may be more like pneumoconiosis or tuberculosis of the lung.
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PMID:Why is damage limited to the mucosa in ulcerative colitis but transmural in Crohn's disease? 2394 90