Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032273 (pneumoconiosis)
 1,578 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There have been established opposite reactions in the cardiovascular system during formation of dust-induced pathology of lungs: a common finding in patients with pneumoconiosis is alterations in the left heart, while in chronic dust bronchitis the same is true of the right heart. In the authors' opinion, different states of pulmonary surfactant in the above conditions account for this observation. Inhibition of synthesis of the pulmonary surfactant associated with the development of the blood and tissue phospholipid deficiency makes for the evolution of atherosclerosis in patients with pneumoconiosis while enhancement of the phospholipid production by the lungs accompanied by elevation of their blood content is an important factor inhibiting the processes of atherogenesis in patients with dust bronchitis.
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PMID:[The role of pulmonary surfactant in the atherogenesis process in patients with dust-induced respiratory organ diseases]. 783 9

A mortality cohort study was carried out on 11,224 men with pneumoconiosis diagnosed during the period 1970-1985. The cohort was selected from among subjects entered into the National Register of Occupational Diseases and included 7,065 coal miners, 924 employees of underground work enterprises, 1,796 workers of the metallurgical industry and iron and nonferrous foundries, as well as 1,439 refractory materials, china, ceramics, and quarry workers. The cohort was traced up to the end of 1991. The mortality of all groups enrolled in the study, as compared with that of general male population of Poland, showed a statistically significant excess of overall mortality (SMRs ranging from 105; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 100-110 to 136; CI: 121-153) as well as a great excess of deaths from diseases of the respiratory system (SMRs from 383; 95% CI: 345-424 to 588; 95% CI: 457-744). In workers of the metallurgical industry, foundries, and those from refractory materials, china, and ceramics manufacturing plants as well as quarries, a statistically significant excess of deaths from infectious diseases (mostly tuberculosis) was found (SMRs: 503; 95% CI: 364-677 and 286; 95% CI: 177-437, respectively). Mortality from lung cancer was significantly elevated only in the group of metallurgical industry and iron and nonferrous foundry workers (SMR: 159; 95% CI: 124-201). In the remaining subcohorts, no significant excess of deaths from lung cancer was noted. The study does not support the hypothesis on the role of exposure to crystalline silica in the induction of lung cancer. Significantly lower mortality was seen for diseases of the circulatory system (SMR: 89; 95% CI: 82-96), hypertensive disease (SMR: 63; 95% CI: 38-98), cerebrovascular disease (SMR: 79; 95% CI: 62-99), atherosclerosis (SMR: 79; 95% CI: 66-93), and injuries and poisonings (SMR: 50; 95% CI: 38-64) in coal miners. In addition, lower mortality was noted for cerebrovascular disease (SMR: 56; 95% CI: 32-91) and injuries and poisonings (SMR: 34; 95% CI: 17-61) in metallurgical industry and iron and nonferrous foundry workers.
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PMID:Mortality among different occupational groups of workers with pneumoconiosis: results from a register-based cohort study. 891 18

A mortality cohort study was carried out on 7,065 coal miners with pneumoconiosis first diagnosed during the years of 1970-85. The cohort was selected from among subjects entered into the National Register of Occupational Diseases and followed up through to the end of 1991. The general male population of Poland was considered as a reference group. The PYRS-3 programme was used to identify, by means of standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), total and selected cause-specific mortality. An analysis revealed significantly elevated total mortality (SMR = 105; 95% confidence interval (CI): 100-110) in the whole cohort of coal miners. The risk of selected cause-specific mortality was significantly enhanced due to diseases of the respiratory system among which pneumoconiosis predominated (SMR = 383; 95% CI: 345-424). While mortality from all diseases of the circulatory system (SmR = 89; CI: 82-96), arterial hypertension (SMR = 63; 95% CI: 38-98), cerebrovascular diseases (SMR = 79; 95% CI: 62-99), atherosclerosis (SMR = 79; 95% CI: 66-93), and injury in poisoning (SMR = 50; 95% CI: 38-64) was significantly lower. The risk of death from malignant neoplasm of lung in the whole study population as well as in individual groups and categories of coal miners with pneumoconiosis, which varied in the risk of pneumoconiosis and the level of exposure to ionizing radiation, was not increased.
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PMID:Mortality among coal miners with pneumoconiosis in Poland. 911 87

A 72-year-old male painter, who complained of his "lungs burning" for 2 weeks, died suddenly. Autopsy examination revealed severe coronary atherosclerosis with plaque rupture as the cause of death. Examination of the lungs revealed emphysema, interstitial fibrosis, and multinucleated giant cells with intra- and extracellular brown-black, crystalline, polarizable foreign material. Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis showed the material to contain titanium, aluminum, silicon, and iron. An increased incidence of respiratory disease has been reported in professional painters. Titanium is widely used as a pigment in the manufacturing of commercial paints. Cases of pneumoconiosis and alveolar proteinosis have been described in painters in which analysis of lung tissue revealed increased levels of titanium. This case is presented as an example of a rarely reported phenomenon, which may have clinical implications for evaluation and management of lung disease in painters.
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PMID:Titanium particles identified by energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis within the lungs of a painter at autopsy. 1274 5

Aging processes leading to specific organ problems are not obvious in aging psittacines. In general, birds live long and age slowly despite their high metabolic rates and very high total lifetime energy expenditures. Most pathologic processes seen in older parrots are generally not specific for aging because they are seen in young birds as well. Pathologic processes that have a tendency to occur more in older psittacines are atherosclerosis and repeated injury processes, such as chronic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, pneumoconiosis, liver fibrosis, and lens cataracts. Also, some neoplasms are more often seen at an older age.
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PMID:Pathology of aging psittacines. 2015 47

A 9-year-old male timneh African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus timneh) was presented because of inability to fly and suspected trauma. The owner also had observed dyspnea, with tail bobbing and open-beak breathing. On clinical examination, a hard, painful mass was palpable in the left proximal humerus and axillary area. Radiographs revealed a radiodense soft tissue mass of the left humerus with no bony involvement, multifocal opacities in lung and air sacs, and an enlarged spleen. An asymmetric, vascularized cyst was detected in the mass by ultrasound examination. Results of biopsy of the mass revealed multifocal cysts composed of unilayer isoprismatic cells laying in vascularized connective tissue. Because of the severity of clinical signs and the poor clinical condition, the bird was euthanatized. On postmortem examination, the findings were air sac cystadenocarcinoma involving the humeral air sac with metastases in the spleen and kidneys, atherosclerosis, pneumoconiosis, and mycotic granulomatous pneumonia and airsacculitis with isolation of Aspergillus niger.
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PMID:A complicated, metastatic, humeral air sac cystadenocarcinoma in a timneh African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus timneh). 2377 55