Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0031350 (pharyngitis)
 2,405 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A bacteriological study of children with respiratory infections in Bangkok during January to November 1976 revealed that 37% of the patients had symptoms and sign of bacterial pharyngotonsillitis. Twenty-six per cent of these children harboured Streptococcus pyogenes in their throats. The numbers of streptococci other than group A and Staphylococcus aureus were increased in the children with respiratory infections. However, Staph. aureus was found as the sole organism in children with exudate more often than in the children with only URI. The possible role of Staph. aureus in bacterial pharyngitis should not be ignored. Penicillin remains a drug of choice for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis. If penicillin is contraindicated, erythromycin should be preferred over lincomycin as a second choice of drug in order to avoid treatment failure if lincomycin resistant streptococci are present.
 ...
PMID:Aetiologic agents of septic sore throat in Thai children. 37 7

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated drug sensitivity in children is uncommon. However, undefined skin rash following antibiotic ingestion in younger children is commonly observed in clinical practice. We studied 86 consecutively referred patients to our allergy clinic over a 5-year period. We found that the majority of children (80%) with skin rashes were under 3 years of age. All the children had been treated with antibiotics for a bacterial upper respiratory infection (URI; otitis media, sinusitis, or pharyngitis), 73 (85%) had erythematous rash, 13 (15%) had urticaria occurring 3-5 days after the treatment, and 43 (50%) reported a repeated rash with the use of two or more different antibiotics. There were no reports of systemic reactions or histories of accompanying food allergy. When patients were given the suspected antibiotics while they were well, none developed rash. However, in the next bacterial infection, 62 (72%) chose to receive dye-free suspensions of the suspected antibiotics. Only three patients (3.5%) elected for the dye-containing suspension. Of the 62 patients who received dye-free suspensions, only eight developed a mild skin rash, which was managed successfully. We conclude that a practical approach for non-IgE-mediated skin rash needs to be evaluated. The current practice of complete avoidance of the suspected antibiotics without further evaluation may be unwarranted.
 ...
PMID:Study of skin rashes after antibiotic use in young children. 979 29

Few studies have investigated the appropriateness of antibiotic use in postdisaster settings. We retrospectively evaluated clinical databases on health care delivered at clinics near shelters set up after the Great East Japan Earthquake, 2011. We defined appropriate, acceptable, and inappropriate antibiotic use for each diagnostic category, by applying and adopting precedent studies and clinical guidelines. From March to July, 2011, a total of 23,704 clinic visits occurred at 98 shelters with 7934 residents. Oral antibiotics were prescribed a total of 2253 times. The median age of the patients was 48.5 years old (range 0-97), and 43.7% were male. Of 2253 antibiotic prescriptions, 1944 were judged to be inappropriate (86.3% 95% CI 84.8%-87.7%). The most prescribed antibiotic was clarithromycin (646 times, 28.7%), followed by cefcapene pivoxil (644 times, 28.6%), levofloxacin (380, 16.9%), cefdinir (194, 8.6%), and cefditren pivoxil (98, 4.4%). The most frequent diagnosis for which antibiotics were prescribed was upper respiratory infection (URI, 1040 visits, 46.2%), followed by acute bronchitis (369, 16.4%), pharyngitis (298, 13.2%), traumatic injuries (194, 8.6%), acute gastroenteritis (136, 6.0%), urinary tract infections (UTIs, 123, 5.5%), and allergic rhinitis (5.1%). The majority of antibiotics prescribed at clinics after the Great East Japan Earthquake was inappropriate. Significant improvement of the use of antibiotics in postdisaster settings should be sought immediately in Japan.
 ...
PMID:Prevalence of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions after the great east Japan earthquake, 2011. 2840 14