Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0031350 (pharyngitis)
 2,405 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have evaluated cefixime (CFIX) fine granules for pharmacokinetics and therapeutic effectiveness in children with infections. The results were summarized as follows. Pharmacokinetic parameters after the oral administration of single doses of 1.5 mg and 6.0 mg per kg body weight in a cross-over design in 1 child were as follows: The peak serum CFIX concentrations were 0.65 microgram/ml at 2 to 3 hours and 3.33 micrograms/ml at 4 hours for the low and the high doses, respectively; the respective biological half-lives were 2.4 hours and 2.5 hours, and urinary recovery was 10.3% at 8 hours and 5.2% at 12 hours, respectively. A clinical study was performed on 19 children with infections, including 7 with bronchitis; 3 each with tonsillitis, UTI, and cervical lymphadenitis; and 1 each with pharyngitis, retroauricular lymphadenitis, and enteritis. Doses ranging from 1.8 to 7.8 mg/kg body weight were given b.i.d. or t.i.d. The period of treatment ranged from 3 to 13 days. The therapeutic response was considered "excellent" in 15 and "good" in 4, with an effectiveness rate of 100%. No side effects were observed. The only abnormal laboratory findings was a slight elevation of GOT and GTP recorded in 1 child. It was concluded that CFIX was a promising drug for the treatment of bacterial infections in children.
 ...
PMID:[Fundamental and clinical studies on cefixime in pediatrics]. 376 44

Relatively little is understood about the dynamics of global host-pathogen transcriptome changes that occur during bacterial infection of mucosal surfaces. To test the hypothesis that group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection of the oropharynx provokes a distinct host transcriptome response, we performed genome-wide transcriptome analysis using a nonhuman primate model of experimental pharyngitis. We also identified host and pathogen biological processes and individual host and pathogen gene pairs with correlated patterns of expression, suggesting interaction. For this study, 509 host genes and seven biological pathways were differentially expressed throughout the entire 32-day infection cycle. GAS infection produced an initial widespread significant decrease in expression of many host genes, including those involved in cytokine production, vesicle formation, metabolism, and signal transduction. This repression lasted until day 4, at which time a large increase in expression of host genes was observed, including those involved in protein translation, antigen presentation, and GTP-mediated signaling. The interactome analysis identified 73 host and pathogen gene pairs with correlated expression levels. We discovered significant correlations between transcripts of GAS genes involved in hyaluronic capsule production and host endocytic vesicle formation, GAS GTPases and host fibrinolytic genes, and GAS response to interaction with neutrophils. We also identified a strong signal, suggesting interaction between host gammadelta T cells and genes in the GAS mevalonic acid synthesis pathway responsible for production of isopentenyl-pyrophosphate, a short-chain phospholipid that stimulates these T cells. Taken together, our results are unique in providing a comprehensive understanding of the host-pathogen interactome during mucosal infection by a bacterial pathogen.
 ...
PMID:Interactome analysis of longitudinal pharyngeal infection of cynomolgus macaques by group A Streptococcus. 2017 80