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Query: UMLS:C0031350 (pharyngitis)
 2,405 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Men and women who came to clinics in Boston underwent pharyngeal examinations, and pharyngeal specimens were obtained for cultures for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum. Fifty-one (4.9%) of 1,037 participants had gonococcal pharyngeal infection. M. hominis and U. urealyticum were recovered from the pharynges of 149 (14.3%) and 154 (14.8%) of 1,044 participants, respectively. The history of ever having performed fellatio was associated with pharyngeal infection with N. gonorrhoeae (P less than 0.02), M. hominis (P less than 0.05), and U. urealyticum (P less than 0.006). A history of fellatio was also associated with a history of a recent sore throat. There was, however, no association between pharyngeal infection with N. gonorrhoeae, M. hominis, or U. urealyticum and a recent sore throat. Cunnilingus was not associated with symptoms or signs or pharyngitis or with the isolation of gonococci or genital mycoplasmas from the pharynx. The pharyngitis associated with fellatio remains a microbiologic enigma.
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PMID:Orogenital contact and the isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum from the pharynx. 11 97

In Lagos 12 755 schoolchildren aged between six and 12 years were screened for evidence of rheumatic heart disease and showed a prevalence rate of 0.03%. Group C (27.7%) and group G (47.3%) predominated in the throat and in cases of pharyngitis, while group A predominated on the skin. Two hundred and sixty-six cases of pharyngitis were recorded, 70 (26.4%) were positive for beta-haemolytic streptococci. Half of the cases of streptococci while 28.2% and 21.1% were caused by groups C and G respectively. A diversity of serotypes of group A streptococci, which included types 49 and 55, and C and G streptococci were isolated from impetiginous skin lesions. The main point of interest is the association of group C and G streptococci with sore throat and skin infections. The pathogenicity of C and G in such circumstances merits further investigation. The present study also showed that prophylactic benzathine penicillin (Penadur) given to patients with rheumatic heart disease or rheumatic fever had been effective with no recurrent attack of acute rheumatic fever.
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PMID:An epidemiological study of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in Lagos. 26 91

Wright-stained throat smears from 174 outpatients with a chief complaint of sore throat were examined. In the presence of tonsillar and/or pharyngeal exudate, cervical lymphadenitis, temperature greater than or equal to 24 less than or equal to 72h, examination of the throat smears would have doubled the accuracy of differentiating streptococcal pharyngitis (SP) from nonstreptococcal pharyngitis (NSP). In the presence of one, two, three, or all four of the preceding presenting characteristics, examination of throat smears would have increased the diagnostic accuracy by 46, 50, 13, and 14 per cent, respectively. Examination of a Wright-stained throat smear may help distinguish SP from NSP among patients in an outpatient setting where follow-up and, therefore, treatment based on culture results may not be optimal.
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PMID:Examination of pharyngeal secretions to determine the etiology of pharyngitis. 78 18

Respiratory infections are the most common group of diseases experienced in the community and treated by doctors. Tonsillitis and pharyngitis, sometimes referred to together as acute sore throat, are among the most common of the individual respiratory infections.
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PMID:Acute pharyngitis, tonsillitis and tonsillectomy. 88 Jan 57

This report is based on a study of acute infections of the upper respiratory tract in 1965 and detailed records of such infections in 1963 and 1964. A change from illnesses mainly yielding viruses to illnesses mainly yielding group A streptococci was noted around the age of 5 years. A positive culture for group A streptococci in patients over 4 years of age was highly correlated with a complaint of sore throat and with serological evidence of streptococcal infection. A bimodal age distribution curve for pharyngitis associated with a positive culture for group A streptococci was consistently noted. The incidence was highest in children aged 5-9 but a second smaller peak occurred among adults in the 30-39 age group. The evidence suggests that being female increases the risk of acquiring group A streptococci and of experiencing sore throat.
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PMID:Streptococcal pharyngitis in general practice. 1. Some unusual features of the epidemiology. 139 9

A 65-year-old man had a 3-day history of sore throat, fever, rigors, back pain, abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The patient's daughter had group A streptococcus pharyngitis. The patient was found to have a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. He underwent resection of the aneurysm and right axillary femoro-femoral bypass graft. The patient died 40 hours after admission. Gram stain of the aneurysm showed numerous gram-positive cocci. Group A streptococcus grew from cultures of blood, throat, and aneurysm. The group A streptococcus was M type 3, T type 3 and produced streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A. This case is a very rare fatal complication of group A streptococcus pharyngitis.
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PMID:Group A Streptococcus septicemia and an infected, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm associated with pharyngitis. 152 Aug 2

A 71-year-old man was admitted to the Wake Forest University/Baptist Hospital Medical Center on February 1, 1989, with pharyngitis and a cutaneous eruption that began that day. The past history was significant for a diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) made in 1984, and for longstanding hypertension, severe coronary artery disease, and prostatic hypertrophy. The patient had required no therapy for his CLL until August, 1988, when he developed hemolytic anemia and was treated with oral chlorambucil, 4 mg/day, and a tapering course of prednisone. By December, 1988, the prednisone therapy had been discontinued, but the patient required hospital admission for pneumococcal pneumonia, which responded well to intravenous antibiotic therapy. One day prior to the current admission the patient complained of persistent fevers, sore throat, productive cough, and headache. He noted a new cutaneous eruption on the day of admission in February, 1989. The past history was positive for occasional herpes stomatitis. The patient did not know if he had previously been infected with varicella. Skin examination revealed multiple (greater than 20), single, and grouped vesicles in a generalized distribution involving the bilateral trunk, head, neck, arms, and legs. The heaviest involvement was on the right posterior auricular area and on the neck. A Tzanck preparation obtained from an early lesion was positive for multinucleated giant cells. Viral culture was negative at 24 hours and at 1 week. A skin biopsy of an early vesicular lesion was performed and revealed intraepidermal vesicles with acantholysis and giant cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Granuloma annulare and disseminated herpes zoster. 145 73

Several studies have implicated Mycoplasma pneumoniae as an important cause of nonstreptococcal pharyngitis in certain clinical settings. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of M. pneumoniae infection in family practice patients with sore throats and to identify patient characteristics predictive of this infection. M. pneumoniae throat cultures were obtained from 419 patients aged five years or older who were seen in one of four family practice offices with a complaint of sore throat. The overall prevalence of M. pneumoniae infection was 13%. It was characterized by more frequent hoarseness and less frequent complaint of postnasal drip when compared with other nonstreptococcal infections. Compared to patients with streptococcal pharyngitis, M. pneumoniae patients revealed a strikingly dissimilar clinical presentation. In particular, while pharyngitis is predictive of streptococcal infections, its presence did not predict M. pneumoniae infection. Recently developed rapid office-based tests for M. pneumoniae may allow timely diagnosis of this common and formerly elusive pathogen. Further study is required to validate the utility of such methods and to evaluate the efficacy of treatment.
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PMID:The prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in ambulatory patients with nonstreptococcal sore throat. 190 44

Adults with sore throats make 40 million visits to medical facilities each year, and sore throat is the third most common reason for visits to primary care practitioners. While often associated with pharyngitis, a complaint of sore throat may also herald a variety of other underlying disorders, both common and uncommon. These disorders range from local to systemic diseases, and include infectious as well as non-infectious etiologies. This article focuses on the differential diagnosis of sore throat and reviews useful approaches to the evaluation of this prevalent symptom. Specific strategies for history taking, key findings to look for on physical exam and recommendations for the selection of appropriate laboratory studies are included. A summary of management options for the more common problems is also provided.
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PMID:Diagnostic considerations in the evaluation and treatment of sore throat. 194 75

Sore throat, usually related to pharyngitis, is a common presenting symptom in the primary care setting. Drs Frenkel and Lyons describe a case showing that physicians need to be aware of another, puzzling cause--spontaneous pneumo-mediastinum.
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PMID:Spontaneous pneumomediastinum. An unusual cause of a sore throat. 198 16


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