Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031350 (pharyngitis)
 2,405 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The therapeutic effects of cefmenoxime (CMX), a new synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic, were examined in the treatment of various pediatric infections. Patients treated were infants and children ranging from one-month-old to 13-year-old suffering from pharyngitis in 2 cases, bronchopneumonia in 3 cases, cervical lymphadenitis in 2 cases, urinary tract infections in 7 cases, tympanitis in 2 cases, suppurative meningitis, sepsis, subcutaneous apostem, acute enteritis, chest wall apostem, phlegmon, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in 1 case each, a total of 23 cases. As regards method of administration, CMX from a vial was dissolved in physiological saline or distilled water for injection, and the solution was administered by 3 to 5 minutes one short intravenous injection (14 cases), or CMX was diluted with large volume parenteral product and administered by 30 to 60 minutes drip infusion (9 cases). The dosage of the drug was 30 to 200 mg/kg/day; 103 mg/kg/day and under in 21 cases, 150 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day in 1 case each. The administration was continued for 3 to 27 days. As regards clinical efficacy, "good" or "excellent" results were obtained in all the cases except 2 cases, one was alpha-Streptococcus acute tympanitis supervening neuroblastoma, and the other was Pseudomonas urinary tract infection. The efficacy rate was 91.3% with excellent in 11 cases, good in 10 cases. As regards bacteriological effects, of 13 strains of Gram-positive bacteria, 10 strains were eliminated and 3 strains were not changed, while of 10 strains of Gram-negative bacteria, 8 strains were eliminated and 2 strains were reduced; thus CMX showed better results against Gram-negative bacteria rather than against Gram-positive ones. The antimicrobial activity of CMX against Gram-positive bacteria was inferior to those of CTM and CEZ, but CMX showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. No clinical side effects nor abnormal laboratory findings obviously attributable to CMX were observed.
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PMID:[Therapeutic effects of cefmenoxime in the treatment of various infections on infants and children]. 630 39

Streptococcus constellatus, S. intermedius, and S. anginosus, the 3 species of the S. milleri group, form part of the normal flora commonly found in the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal and genital tracts. This group has become known as an important pathogen in infections and abscesses, but data on the anatomical distribution of these species is lacking in relation to clinical significance. We obtained 275 strains of the S. milleri group from different departments at our hospital over the last 3 years, including 54 strains from dental surgery, 47 from internal medicine, 44 from otolaryngology (head and neck), 43 from surgery, 32 from gynecology, 17 from urology, 16 from dermatology, 11 from brain surgery, 6 from pediatrics, 3 from orthopedics, and 2 from opthalmology. The 44 strains from head and neck were found in 42 patients,--23 with primary infection and 19 with secondary infection induced by cancer treatments. The primary infection group included 4 deep neck abscesses, 1 peritonsillar abscess, 5 tonsillitis, 4 paranasal sinusitis, 3 congenital aural fistula infections, 2 dental infections, 2 paranasal sinus cysts, 1 supprative parotitis, and 1 postoperative wound infection. The secondary infection group included 7 postoperative wound infections, 3 postoperative pulmonary infections, 3 laryngitis and pharyngitis, 3 terminal pneumonias, and 3 infections of the local recurrence site. The S. milleri group was the only isolated organism in 13 cases (56.5%) of primary infection and in 5 (26.3%) of secondary infection. Among other organisms from the primary infection group, no so-called major pathogens were found. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests of the S. milleri group showed that 50% were resistant to CCL and 33% to CTM. ABPC, CPDX, and CFDN were also found to be less sensitive, although no resistant strains were detected. To adequately culture the S. milleri group, incubation in air containing carbon dioxide or in an anaerobic atmosphere is required, and differentiation of the 3 requires biochemical reactivity tests. Since not all facilities use identical techniques in routine bacteriological examination, a considerable number of the S. milleri group could be missed in unknown species of alpha-,beta-, and gamma-streptococci and culture-negative cases. With antibiotics now being used widely, normal flora such as the S. milleri group may have become an important pathogen in head and neck infections due to an imbalance between organisms and host defense.
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PMID:[Clinical relevance of the Streptococcus milleri group in head and neck infections]. 1185 84