Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031350 (pharyngitis)
 2,405 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Allergic diseases are frequent, affecting 10%-15% of the population. The atopic symptoms manifest mainly as pollinosis or bronchial asthma. Many of the atopic patients have an additional food-related allergy, often due to a cross-reactivity between pollen allergens (birch, hazelnut, alder, mugwort) and food allergens. The foods which most frequently elicit oral, gastro-intestinal or anaphylactic symptoms are fruits such as apples, peaches, cherries or apricots, but also nuts and vegetables from the botanic group of the compositae (celery, carrots, fennel, sunflower kernels, camomile, parsley, etc.). While fruits mainly cause oral symptoms (aphthae, stomatitis, swelling of the lips or tongue, pharyngitis, hoarseness and laryngeal oedema), nuts and celery can often also induce acute generalized symptoms, such as severe laryngeal oedema, bronchial asthma, urticaria or allergic shock. In our experience these patients tend to minimize their oral symptoms and the practitioner has often to ask about them specifically.
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PMID:[Pollinosis and oral allergy syndrome]. 237 47

During an 18-month adverse events surveillance period, children with a history of recurrent suspected or proved bacterial infections were treated with either cefaclor (1017 patients, 2513 courses) or amoxicillin (1009 patients, 2358 courses) and followed prospectively to determine the relative incidence and character of adverse events. Patients were from 1 month to 16 years old. Otitis media, the principal diagnosis, occurred in 883 patients (2014 episodes) receiving cefaclor and in 856 (1888 episodes) receiving amoxicillin. Others were diagnosed as having pharyngitis (482 episodes), bronchitis (267 episodes), sinusitis (130 episodes), pneumonia (63 episodes) and urinary tract infection (27 episodes). Adverse events were elicited by telephone during therapy and by follow-up for 2 weeks after therapy and were reported in 5.7% of the cefaclor courses and 5.2% of courses of amoxicillin. Serum sickness-like reactions and erythema multiforme occurred in 5 and 6 children, respectively, given cefaclor (1.1%) and in no children given amoxicillin. Children in the cefaclor group had a greater incidence of urticaria. Other adverse experiences, including gastrointestinal events, were approximately equally distributed for the two groups.
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PMID:Quantitative comparison of adverse reactions to cefaclor vs. amoxicillin in a surveillance study. 316 Oct 7

Clinical efficacies of a new macrolide antibiotic, rokitamycin (RKM, TMS-19-Q), were studied in acute pediatric infections. Responses to the RKM administration were evaluable in 62 out of 68 patients consisted of 7 patients with pharyngitis (efficacy rate of 85.7%, 6/7 patients), 4 with bronchitis (25.0%, 1/4), 9 with tonsillitis (100%, 9/9), 13 with mycoplasmal pneumonia (100%, 13/13), 13 with hemolytic streptococcal infections (92.3%, 12/13), 14 with pneumonia (57.1%, 8/14), one with pertussis (100%, 1/1) and another with Chlamydia pneumonia (100%, 1/1) thus an overall efficacy rate of 82.3% was achieved. Urticaria was observed in one of the patients as an adverse reaction to the drug, while abnormal laboratory test results were noted in 3 patients, but none of such changes were severe. The drug, even when administered in combination with a theophylline preparation, exerted no effects on the serum concentration of the latter.
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PMID:[Clinical results of a rokitamycin dry syrup in pediatric infections]. 322 32

Clinical experience suggests that allergic signs and symptoms are more frequently observed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus than in the general population. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the frequency of allergic clinical manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by anamnesis. Sixty three SLE patients, 51 cases of other autoimmune diseases and 133 healthy individuals, were included in the study. The protocol was taken from Goldman's paper on the same subject (4): urticaria, rhinitis, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, eczema and allergy to foods, drugs and insect stings were recorded. The results disclosed that 76% of SLE cases, 37% of those with other autoimmune diseases and versus healthy controls had had one or more of those clinical manifestations throughout their lives (SLE versus other autoimmune diseases and versus healthy controls; p: less than 0,0005; other autoimmune diseases versus healthy controls; p: not significant). The frequency of each of the following-urticaria, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis and food allergy was statistically increased in SLE. Furthermore, patients with SLE had the highest incidence of different types of clinical manifestations per individual. Allergic manifestations in SLE are thought to express: a higher level of hypersensitivity to exogenous antigens, or disease activity through cytotropic autoantibodies or through anaphylactoid products of complement activation.
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PMID:[Allergic manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus]. 408 30

Cephalexin, a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic, has wide clinical application in respiratory infections of children and adults. In pharyngitis and tonsillitis due to beta-haemolytic streptococci, it is comparable to penicillin, cyclocillin, and cephaloglycin, as measured by clinical response, bacteriological cure rate, and incidence of relapse and reinfection. In otitis media, it is effective at dosages of 50-100 mg/kg/day except in those infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae, in which there is failure in 50% of the cases. In other infections of the upper respiratory tract, it appears to be effective except, again, in those caused by H. influenzae. Dosages of 1-2 g/day have been used in adults and 20-100 mg/kg/day in children. Adverse effects, mostly gastrointestinal upsets, rash, and urticaria, have been relatively infrequent and have not required discontinuance of the drug.
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PMID:Cephalexin in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. 636 87

A comparative study was carried out to determine the clinical efficacy of spiramycin and erythromycin in the treatment of acute tonsillo-pharyngitis. Patients were allocated at random to receive either 500 mg spiramycin 3-times daily for 3 days or 500 mg erythromycin 3-times daily for 5 days. Details were recorded daily by patients of subjective complaints such as fever, sore throat and difficulty in swallowing, and objective signs and symptoms of inflammation were assessed by the physician before and after treatment. Results were analyzed for 32 patients in each group and showed both treatments resulted in a rapid relief of their clinical condition in over 90% of patients. Although all patients showed marked improvements, a few still complained of symptoms at the end of the treatment period. Neither treatment regimen proved adequate for the eradication of the initial pathogen identified from throat swab cultures and leucocytosis persisted in at least 1 patient in each group. Seven patients on erythromycin complained of nausea and/or epigastric pain and 1 patient on spiramycin had urticaria.
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PMID:Treatment of acute tonsillo-pharyngitis: a comparative study of spiramycin and erythromycin. 649 12

1. The in vitro antibacterial activity of cefoxitin was nearly equal to that of CEZ and CET against the 6 species of clinically isolated strains. Cefoxitin, furthermore, had an antibacterial activity against the strains of P. morganii resistant to CEZ and CET. 2. Cefoxitin was applied to a total of 17 patients including 6 cases of bronchitis, 5 of pneumonia, 2 of enteritis, and 1 each of pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis and lymphadenitis. The results showed an efficacy rate of 88%. In the 6 patients from whom the isolation of pathogenic organisms was possible, the bacteriological response to cefoxitin was appreciable the efficacy rate being 83%. Thus, it is considered that cefoxitin also has a significant antibacterial activity in vivo. 3. As to the side effects following the administration of cefoxitin, urticaria-like eruption was observed in 1 case, and an elevation of transaminase in another. These findings, however, became normal soon after discontinuation of cefoxitin treatment.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of cefoxitin in the pediatric field (author's transl)]. 728 29

We report a case of Kawasaki disease in which some unusual symptoms, including petechiae, an urticaria-like eruption, and necrotic pharyngitis, made the diagnosis difficult. No complications were detected during a follow-up period of 15 months.
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PMID:Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome with necrotic pharyngitis. 744 83

Occupational allergy caused by plants is seldom reported although it is probably relatively common. We report on a 22-year-old male atopic caretaker of plants who developed IgE-mediated allergic rhinitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis, and contact and generalized urticaria caused by exposure to spathe flower (Spathiphyllum wallisii) while he was working for a firm that supplied plants to offices. He also had an asthmatic attack at work, but in bronchial provocation tests conducted 8 months after he had stopped doing the work in question, he developed rhinoconjunctivitis, pharyngitis, and laryngitis, but exhibited neither bronchial reaction nor fall in PEF values. Prick tests with spathe flower gave 3+ reactions for exudates from the flower, pollen, stem, and leaves. He also had several positive reactions to fruits, vegetables, and spices, but not to natural rubber latex. The radioallergosorbent test with spathe flower was positive (3.4 PRU/ml, close to class 3). In protein staining with SDS-PAGE, one heavy band was detected at about 14 kDa, and other faint bands were visible on both sides. Six faint bands were detected at the mol. mass range of 30-67 kDa. In IgE immunoblotting, one heavy band was detected at about 14 kDa. The patient became symptomless after he had ceased working with plants.
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PMID:Occupational allergy caused by spathe flower (Spathiphyllum wallisii). 760 42

Azithromycin (AZM), a new macrolide antibiotic, in fine granules and in capsules was studied for pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluation in the pediatric patients. Antibacterial activity of AZM against 43 clinical isolates: AZM exhibited slightly lower activity against Gram-positive bacteria and 2-8-fold higher activity against Gram-negative bacteria than erythromycin or clarithromycin. Plasma or urine samples were collected from eight patients receiving the drug in fine granular form, and two patients receiving it in capsules for the determination of drug levels. The elimination half-lives of AZM after administration at dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 3 days were 50.0 and 51.2 hours for fine granules, and 41.5 hours for capsules. AUC0-infinity was 11.7 and 24.3 micrograms.hr/ml for fine granules, and 8.3 micrograms.hr/ml for capsules. The cumulative excretion rates up to 120 hours after the start of treatment were 8.24 and 13.84% for fine granules, and 3.83% for capsules. AZM was administered to 123 patients once daily at 3.7-20.0 mg/kg body weight over 3 to 5 days with reference to the standard dose of 10 mg/kg. The drug was used to treat patients with pharyngitis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, pneumonia, mycoplasmal pneumonia, chlamydial pneumonia, otitis media, pertussis, intestinal infection, and SSTI. The effectiveness of AZM was evaluated in 109 cases. The drug was rated "excellent" in 65.1% of the patients and "good" in 29.4%, resulting in an efficacy rate of 94.5%. Furthermore, AZM eradicated 43 of 46 (93.5%) bacteria that had been identified before the treatment. Three patients complained of side effects of urticaria (1 case) and diarrhea (2 cases). Abnormal laboratory changes were reported as follows: decreased leukocyte (3 cases), increased eosinophil (5), increased platelet (2), increased eosinophil and platelet, elevated GPT (1), and elevated GOT and GPT (1). The abnormalities, however, were mild enough to raise no clinically significant problems. In conclusion, AZM in once daily regimen was effective and safe in treatment of pediatric infections.
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PMID:[Bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluation of azithromycin in the pediatric field]. 898 53


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