Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0031350 (pharyngitis)
 2,405 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cefprozil (CFPZ, BMY-28100), a new oral cephalosporin, was evaluated for its efficacy and safety in 42 children with bacterial infections (Table 1), and the following results were obtained. 1. CFPZ was administered in 3 or 4 divided doses at daily dosages ranging from 15.3 to 60.0 mg/kg to 42 patients (19 cases of acute tonsillitis and/or laryngitis, pharyngitis, 13 cases of pneumonia, 2 cases each of suppurative cervical lymphadenitis and UTI, and 1 case each of scarlet fever, acute otitis media, suppurative parotitis, impetigo contagiosa, furuncle and acute enteritis) and the following clinical results were obtained: excellent; 24 cases, good; 14 cases, fair; 4 cases. The overall efficacy rate was 90.5% (Table 3). 2. MICs of CFPZ against 50 strains of isolated organisms are shown in Table 4. In 19 cases out of 28 cases examined, causative organisms were successfully eradicated and strain of Staphylococcus aureus was decreased in 1 case. 3. Diarrhea was observed in 2 cases (cases 8, 11). In case 8, the symptom disappeared spontaneously. Case 11 improved immediately after the administration of the drug was stopped. Among 39 children who went through laboratory tests, eosinophilia which seemed to be related to the administration of this drug was observed in 2 cases (cases 29, 38). Slight elevations of S-GOT and S-GPT were found in 1 case (case 22) (Table 7). 4. These data suggest that CFPZ is a safe and useful new antibiotic in the treatment of children with susceptible bacterial infections.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical evaluation of cefprozil in children]. 128 80

Cefprozil granule preparation was administered orally to 16 patients (ages ranging 8 months to 9 years and 6 months) with pediatric bacterial infections at daily dose levels between 29.4 and 35.7 mg/kg divided into 3 or 4 doses. The following results were obtained. 1. Sixteen patients including 5 with pharyngitis, 3 with tonsillitis, 3 with lacunar tonsillitis, 2 with pneumonia, 2 with contagious impetigo and 1 with scarlet fever were treated. Clinical effects were excellent in 9 cases and moderate in 7, with an overall efficacy rate of 100%. 2. Organisms suspected as pathogens included 17 strains (10 strains of haemophilus influenzae, 2 of Haemophilus parainfluenzae, 3 of Streptococcus pyogenes and 2 of Staphylococcus aureus). Bacteriologically, eradication of pathogens were observed for 11 strains, but no changes were obtained for 5 (all Haemophilus), and unknown results were obtained for 1, thus the eradication rate was 68.8%. 3. No side effects were observed. Abnormal laboratory test results included 2 cases of increase in platelets, and 2 of increase in eosinophils, but those were not significant. 4. No refusal of the drug occurred due to its taste or odor.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical studies on cefprozil granules]. 128 82

Therapeutic effects of cefprozil (CFPZ, BMY-28100), a new cephalosporin, were examined in various infectious diseases in children. Clinical efficacy rates were 50% (2/4) in acute bronchitis, 80% (4/5) in pharyngitis, 0% in laryngitis, 100% (7/7) in tonsillitis, 100% (8/8) in impetigo contagiosa, furuncle and posthitis. Hence, the overall efficacy rate was 84% (21/25). Adverse effects were observed in 1 case with slightly elevated serum GOT and GPT. Changes in serum concentrations and urinary excretion of CFPZ were examined in 4 and 2 children without infection, respectively. T 1/2 values obtained were between 1 hour to 2 hours (bioassay). Six hour recovery rates in urine were 51.8% and 77.8% (bioassay). CFPZ was considered to be a safe and useful drug in treating various infectious diseases in children.
 ...
PMID:[Therapeutic effects of cefprozil in the treatment of various infectious diseases in children]. 128 87

Laboratory and clinical studies were done on cefprozil (CFPZ, BMY-28100). The results are summarized as follows. CFPZ was administered through the oral route to 2 children at a single dose of 7.5 mg/kg. After administration, peak serum levels of CFPZ obtained in the 2 cases were 6.71 micrograms/ml at 1 hour and 6.45 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, respectively and half-lives were 1.28 hours and 0.92 hour, respectively. The urinary excretion rates of CFPZ were 58.9% and 59.4%, respectively. Treatment with CFPZ was made in 37 cases of pediatric bacterial infections: 1 case of pharyngitis, 16 cases of tonsillitis, 16 cases of scarlet fever, 3 cases of impetigo, 1 case of UTI. Results obtained were excellent in 24 cases, good in 13 cases. No significant side effects due to the drug were observed, except 1 case of loose stool, 3 cases of eosinophilia, and 1 case each of elevated GOT and GPT.
 ...
PMID:[Laboratory and clinical studies of cefprozil in pediatric field]. 149 39

We have carried out laboratory and clinical studies on cefdinir (CFDN) 5% and 10% fine granule preparations. The results are summarized as follows. CFDN 5% fine granule preparation was given via oral route to each of 2 children in the fasting state at a single dose of 3 mg/kg. After administration, the mean peak plasma level of CFDN was 0.76 micrograms/ml at 4 hours and the mean half-life was 1.77 hours. The mean urinary excretion rate of CFDN was 31.5% in the first 12 hours after oral administration. CFDN 10% fine granule preparation and CFDN 100 mg capsule were given via oral route 3 children and to another child in the fasting state at single doses of 3 mg/kg and 2.63 mg/kg, respectively. After administration of 10% granules the mean peak plasma level of CFDN was 0.73 micrograms/ml at 2 hours and the mean half-life was 1.62 hours. The peak serum level obtained after administration of CFDN 100 mg capsule was 0.91 micrograms/ml at 2 hours and the half-life was 1.08 hours. The mean urinary excretion rate obtained with CFDN 10% fine granules was 26.2% in the first 8 hours after oral administration and the urinary excretion rate obtained with CFDN 100 mg capsule was 19.7% in the first 12 hours after oral administration. Treatment with CFDN 5% fine granules was made for a total of 48 cases of pediatric bacterial infections including 21 cases of tonsillitis, 12 cases of scarlet fever, 3 cases of pharyngitis, 5 cases of impetigo, 1 case of subcutaneous abscess, 1 case of furuncle, 5 cases of UTI. Results obtained were excellent in 30 cases, good in 18 cases. Treatment with CFDN 10% fine granules was made for a total of 16 cases of pediatric bacterial infections including 6 cases of tonsillitis, 3 cases of pneumonia, 4 cases of scarlet fever, 2 cases of impetigo, 1 case of UTI. Results obtained were excellent in 8 cases, good in 7 cases, poor in 1 case. No significant side effects due to the drugs were observed except 2 cases (1 case with 5% preparation and another with 10%) with eosinophilia, 3 cases (all with 5%) with diarrhea and 1 case each of elevated GOT & GPT (with 5%) and elevated GOT, GPT & Al-P (with 10%).
 ...
PMID:[Laboratory and clinical studies of cefdinir 5% and 10% fine granules in pediatric field]. 176 70

Cefdinir (CFDN), a newly developed oral cephalosporin in 5% fine granular form, was administered to 10 boys at 1 hour before meal (in the fasting state) and concentrations of the drug in plasma and urine and its urinary recovery rates were determined. The subjects were divided into 2 groups of 5 boys each; one group received 3 mg/kg of CFDN, and the other, 6 mg/kg. To 6 of the 10 children the drug was administered in the two different dose levels using the cross-over method. To study clinical and bacteriological effects of this drug, a mean dose of 4.6 mg/kg t.i.d. was administered for 8 days on the average to 40 children with various infections; pharyngitis (4 cases), tonsillitis (2), acute bronchitis (2), pneumonia (8), scarlet fever (6), acute purulent otitis media (1), urinary tract infection (12), impetigo (2), phlegmon (1), lymphadenitis (1) and subcutaneous abscess (1). MICs were determined for 6 drugs including CFDN, cefaclor, cefixime (CFIX), methicillin, cloxacillin (MCIPC), amoxicillin (AMPC) against 13 strains of 6 species freshly isolated from children receiving CFDN. An inoculum size of 10(6) cfu/ml was used in the MIC-determinations. Adverse reactions and abnormal laboratory findings attributable to this drug were also examined in these patients. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Mean plasma peak levels of CFDN were observed at 3 hours after administration in both the 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg groups with mean peak values of 0.68 and 1.35 micrograms/ml, respectively. Mean half-lives were 2.06 hours in the 3 mg/kg group and 1.61 hours in the 6 mg/kg group, and mean AUCs were 3.5 in the former and 6.5 micrograms.hr/ml in the latter. Thus, dose-response between the 2 doses was observed in plasma levels and AUCs. 2. To 3 patients, CFDN was given in the two different doses using the cross-over method. Mean plasma peak levels of CFDN were 0.71 and 1.31 micrograms/ml in the doses of 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg, respectively. Half-lives were 1.39-2.90 hours in the 3 mg/kg group and 1.21-1.48 hours in the 6 mg/kg group, with AUCs of 3.4-3.7 and 4.1-7.5 micrograms.hr/ml, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of cefdinir 5% fine granules in pediatrics]. 208 19

The prevalence of pharyngeal carriage of group A streptococci, streptococcal pharyngitis, and impetigo was determined in schoolchildren in two northern communities, one Inuit (mean number of schoolchildren surveyed, 233) and one native Indian (mean number of schoolchildren surveyed, 349). At three surveys from November 1984 to May 1985, pharyngeal group A streptococcal carriage was 5.3%, 22%, and 34% in the Inuit community and 5.3%, 5.1% and 10% in the native Indian, with impetigo prevalence 1.6%, 3.8% and 1.0%, and 2.4%, 4.2% and 0.6%, respectively. Increased pharyngeal carriage correlated with the increasing number of household residents and the lower school grade. In 12 months of observation the incidence of group A streptococcal pharyngitis was 49/100 schoolchildren for the Inuit and 9.4/100 for the native Indian community, with impetigo 13/100 and 11/100 respectively. The maximal incidence of pharyngitis was late winter in the Inuit community and midsummer in the native Indian. The incidence of impetigo peaked in January for both communities. M and T typing showed consecutive outbreaks of different serotypes in the Inuit community, but a persistent low level of endemic infection in the Indian community. These observations suggest a seasonal prevalence of group A streptococcal pharyngeal carriage consistent with other North American populations, but marked inter-community variation in pharyngeal carriage and disease. The midwinter peak of impetigo appears unique to these populations.
 ...
PMID:Group A streptococcal pharyngeal carriage, pharyngitis, and impetigo in two northern Canadian native communities. 219 20

A newly developed macrolide clarithromycin (TE-031, A-56268), with antibacterial spectrum and antibacterial activity nearly equal to those of erythromycin (EM), shows beneficial characteristics such as a higher blood level, higher recovery rate in urine, and better penetration into each tissue than conventional macrolides (MLs). TE-031 has been studied in adults against various infections and proved to be useful. The present paper describes the results of a study in children to examine the usefulness of TE-031 granules and tablets with a potency of 50 mg. TE-031 granules were administered to 132 children with ages from 6 months to 13 years and 10 months. Excluded from the evaluation were 12 cases in which clinical effects were deemed unevaluable. The evaluable subjects consisted of 1 case with pharyngitis, 3 with tonsillitis, 9 with acute bronchitis, 19 with pneumonia, 19 with mycoplasmal pneumonia, 2 with scarlet fever, 20 with Campylobacter enteritis, 11 with impetigo, 2 with subcutaneous abscess, 18 with primary atypical pneumonia and 16 with acute enteritis of unidentified pathogens; a total of 120 subjects. An average daily dose of TE-031 was 25.9 mg/kg, divided into 3 doses except 1 case with 2 daily doses and lengths of the treatment averaged 7 days. TE-031 tablets each containing 50 mg potency, were administered to 49 subjects with ages from 3 year and a month to 14 years consisting of 8 cases with pharyngitis, 1 with tonsillitis, 1 with acute bronchitis, 4 with pneumonia, 14 with mycoplasmal pneumonia, 4 with scarlet fever, 5 with Campylobacter enteritis, 7 with impetigo, 1 with atypical pneumonia, 1 with Salmonella gastroenteritis and 3 with acute enteritis caused by unidentified pathogens, at an average daily dose of 13.5 mg/kg dived into 2-4 doses (2 doses/day for 12 cases, 3 doses for 32, 4 doses for 5) for 7 days on the average. In addition to examine the clinical and bacteriological effects of the 2 dosage forms of TE-031, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for 9 antibiotics consisting of 5 MLs including TE-031, EM, josamycin (JM), midecamycin acetate (MDM acetate), and rokitamycin (RKM), 3 penicillins including ampicillin (ABPC), methicillin, cloxacillin and 1 cephem antibiotic, cefaclor (CCL), against 29 strains consisting of 12 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 7 of Streptococcus pyogenes, 2 of Streptococcus pneumonia 2 of Haemophilus influenzae and 6 of Campylobacter jejuni, out of 71 strains of pathogens or possible pathogens that had been isolated from the cases given TE-031.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical study on clarithromycin granule and tablet in the field of pediatrics]. 252 56

Dry syrup and tablet of newly developed cefpodoxime proxetil (CS-807, CPDX-PR) was investigated in the departments of pediatrics of 17 institutes and their related hospitals. 1. Pharmacokinetics of CPDX-PR in pediatrics were investigated. Peak blood levels of CPDX at dose levels of 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg were 2.24 +/- 0.21 and 4.68 +/- 0.54 micrograms/ml, respectively, in fasting and 1.65 +/- 0.07 and 3.71 +/- 0.41 micrograms/ml, respectively, after meal. Urinary recovery rates in 6 hours were 31.2 +/- 2.2% of dose in average. 2. Clinical efficacies of CPDX-PR on various infectious diseases were studied in 748 cases. Clinical efficacy rate in 499 cases with causative bacteria isolated was 94.6%: efficacy rates for individual infections were 96.8% (120/124) for tonsillitis, 96.0% (96/100) for urinary tract infection, 93.5% (58/62) for pneumonia, 92.4% (61/66) for impetigo, 100% (32/32) for scarler fever and 93.2% for pharyngitis or laryngitis. Bacteriological eradication rate for Gram-positive organisms was 91.0% (244/268); and for Gram-negative organisms, 89.7% (210/234). The clinical efficacy rate for cases which were non-responsive to previous antibiotic therapy was 88.1% (74/84). 3. Side effects and clinical laboratory findings were investigated in 779 cases. Two each of vomiting, loose stool and rash, 10 of diarrhea and 1 of diarrhea associated with candidiasis were reported, but no serious side effects were noted. There was no serious laboratory test abnormality except slight elevations of eosinophile, platelet, transaminase or prolongation of prothrombin time, totalling 34 occurrences.
 ...
PMID:[Overall clinical evaluation of cefpodoxime proxetil against infections in pediatric fields]. 268 63

We have carried out laboratory and clinical studies on sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC). The results are summarized as follows. SBT/ABPC was given by 30-minute drip infusion to 1 child at a single dose of 15 mg/kg and to 2 children at a single dose of 30 mg/kg. After the 30-minute drip infusion, peak serum levels of ABPC(SBT) obtained for the 2 dose levels were 18.0 micrograms/ml (12.4 micrograms/ml) for the former dose level and 81.0 micrograms/ml (53.7 micrograms/ml) and 300 micrograms/ml (200 micrograms/ml) for the latter at the end of injection, and half-lives were 0.84 hour (0.82 hour) for the former and 0.96 hour (1.44 hours) and 0.93 hour (1.19 hours) for the latter. In another trial, SBT/ABPC was given to 1 child at a single dose of 60 mg/kg. After the 30-minute drip infusion, peak serum level of ABPC (SBT) was 82.3 micrograms/ml (45.9 micrograms/ml), and half-life was 1.20 hours (1.36 hours). The urinary excretion rates of ABPC (SBT) were 51.3% (49.5%), 55.8 +/- 10.4% (65.3 +/- 9.1%), 74.0% (76.1%) up to 6 hours after the 30-minute drip infusion of 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg, respectively. Treatment with SBT/ABPC was made in 21 cases of pediatric bacterial infections: 8 cases of tonsillitis, 4 cases of bronchitis, 3 cases of pneumonia and 1 case each of pharyngitis, peritonsillar abscess, lymphadenitis, impetigo, abscess and urinary tract infection. Results obtained were excellent in 14 cases, good in 7 cases. No significant side effect due to the drug was observed in any cases except 1 case of fever and rash.
 ...
PMID:[Laboratory and clinical studies of sulbactam/ampicillin in pediatric field]. 274 49


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>