Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031350 (pharyngitis)
 2,405 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 21-year-old man who had pharyngitis needed hospitalization for observation of airway patency and for parenteral fluid therapy. Infection with herpes simplex virus, type 2 (HSV-2), was diagnosed on the basis of the finding of significantly increased IgM indirect hemagglutination antibody titers. The pharyngitis appeared to have been contracted by heterosexual orogenital contact (cunnilingus). The results of this case study indicate that HSV-2 infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis in cases of severe pharyngitis in sexually active patients.
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PMID:Life-threatening pharyngitis caused by herpes simplex virus, type 2. 22 94

Sore throats are most commonly due to infections, many of which are viral and do not require specific treatment. Symptoms and signs of the common cold, influenza or croup, the occurrence of conjunctivitis in some adenoviral infections, generalised lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly in glandular fever or the presence of vesicles characteristic of herpangina (Coxsackie A virus) or of herpes simplex infection, occasionally enable a clinical diagnosis and avoid the need for antibiotic therapy. In the case of treatable conditions a typical membrane may suggest diphtheria, a scarlatiniform rash infection due to Streptococcus pyogenes or to Corynebacterium haemolyticum, and a cherry-red epiglottis Haemophilus influenzae type b. Associated atypical pneumonia suggests infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae or Chlamydia pneumoniae. Pharyngitis due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae may be accompanied by infection at other sites or by other sexually transmitted diseases. Candidal infection, in the appropriate clinical circumstance, should suggest HIV infection. Surgical drainage is required in the case of peritonsillar or retropharyngeal abscess. Noninfectious cases of sore throat, e.g. thyroiditis, are relatively uncommon considerations in the differential diagnosis of acute febrile pharyngitis. The most common problem is to recognise streptococcal pharyngitis, which requires antibiotic treatment for 10 days to avoid the risk of rheumatic fever.
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PMID:The sore throat. When to investigate and when to prescribe. 207

A case of severe generalised herpes simplex type 2 infection is described in an adult male who had known exposure to herpes. The patient first complained of headache, fever and neurological symptoms, and three to six days later of conjunctivitis, severe pharyngitis, arthralgia and vesicular lesions about the body. During the first 14 days of illness, including three in hospital, the patient was diagnosed as having infection with varicella virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, or hand-foot-and-mouth disease virus. The diagnosis of infection with herpesvirus was not considered until herpesvirus was visualised in vesicular fluid by electron microscopy six weeks after onset. HSV-2 was then repeatedly isolated from vesicular fluids over the next four years. Detailed serological tests on the patient's sequential serum samples demonstrated a specific and continued response to HSV-2. He possibly acquired the virus iatrogenically, either by oral droplet transmission into or finger contamination of a PPD injection site, from the nurse who administered the injection and then palpated the site.
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PMID:Herpes type 2 infection with unusual generalised manifestations and delayed diagnosis in an adult male. 687 92

Seventeen cases of disseminated herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection have occurred during pregnancy. Acyclovir therapy was associated with prolongation of the time from admission until spontaneous rupture of the membranes or delivery and an improved maternal outcome. This life-threatening condition has a typical presentation, which includes a nonspecific viral prodrome. During pregnancy, fever and anicteric hepatitis unresponsive to empiric antibiotics should prompt an evaluation for disseminated herpes simplex. Pharyngitis or skin lesions with a positive herpes simplex culture are common, specific signs associated with dissemination. The fever resolves within 48 hours in response to acyclovir therapy. One case of maternal disseminated HSV occurred at 22 weeks' gestation and resolved with acyclovir therapy; a healthy neonate was delivered vaginally at term.
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PMID:Acyclovir for disseminated herpes simplex virus in pregnancy. A case report. 804 Aug 50

A previously healthy adolescent female suddenly developed a severe febrile pharyngitis and impending upper airway obstruction. Her Monospot test was positive, and her throat culture grew group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. After treatment with antibiotics and glucocorticoids, she developed a fulminant course dominated by disseminated intravascular coagulation and hepatic necrosis. At autopsy, herpes simplex virus type-1 was cultured from lung, liver, and spleen tissue. We believe this is the first report of disseminated herpes simplex infection after steroid use for upper airway obstruction.
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PMID:Herpes simplex dissemination following glucocorticoids for upper airway obstruction in an adolescent girl. 805 59

Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common worldwide problem. Primary infection with HSV-1 rarely causes significant problems although widespread involvement in atopic eczema can be life-threatening as may associated encephalitis. Keratoconjunctivitis, pharyngitis and hepatitis can also complicate primary infection. Twenty to 40% of the population at some stage have recurrent orolabial infections with HSV although in only 1% of these cases is this recurrence severe. Recurrent erythema multiforme appears to be associated with HSV-65% of patients are thought to have preceding herpes labialis. Many primary and recurrent infections with HSV-1 require little more than topical antiseptic therapy to control secondary infection. Systemic acyclovir, however, is indicated in various situations including complicated primary infection, infection in neonates, eczema herpeticum, HSV infections in the immunocompromised, and recurrent erythema multiforme. In the latter, prophylactic treatment with 6 months acyclovir appears to be effective.
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PMID:Natural history, management and complications of herpes labialis. 824 88

During a 16-month period patients who presented to the Syracuse University Health Center with upper respiratory complaints had throat swabs obtained for viral, streptococcal and Mycoplasma pneumoniae cultures. Thirty-five of 613 patients (5.7%) had herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolated. All but 2 of the HSV isolates were found to be type 1 by immunofluorescent staining. Two HSV-positive patients also grew Group A Streptococcus, one grew M. pneumoniae and three had serum heterophile antibody tests that were positive. On physical examination 25 of the 35 HSV-positive patients had pharyngeal erythema and 14 had pharyngeal exudate. Twelve of these patients had vesicular lesions of the lips, throat or gums associated with their other symptoms. For 29 of the 35 HSV-positive students the primary diagnosis assigned was pharyngitis, for 2 the diagnosis was stomatitis and the remainder were assigned a primary diagnosis of upper respiratory infection, pneumonia, bronchitis or dental infection. Thirty-two of the 35 HSV-positive patients were treated with oral antibiotics and 7 were treated with oral or topical acyclovir. During the same 16-month period 89 (6.9%) of 1297 students presenting with sore throat were culture-positive for influenza A or B, 30 (2.3%) of 1283 were culture-positive for M. pneumoniae and 169 (2.8%) of the 6016 cultured for Group A Streptococcus were positive. Serum was tested for heterophile antibody in 2438 students, and 257 (10.5%) were positive. Herpes simplex virus is associated with pharyngeal symptoms in college students, and herpes simplex pharyngitis cannot easily be distinguished clinically from other causes of acute pharyngitis in this age group.
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PMID:Pharyngitis associated with herpes simplex virus in college students. 838 78

This article describes two cases of esophagitis in immunocompetent adults associated with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. One case presented with pharyngitis and the other with whitlow. A review of the literature revealed 21 other cases in immunocompetent adults; and, of these 21 patients, odynophagia was noted in 19, nine experienced fever, and oral lesions were found in five of these individuals. Barium swallow was positive in 8 of 20 patients tested, whereas esophagoscopy showed ulcers in 17 of the 20 cases. Specimens obtained during esophagoscopy revealed viral inclusions in 13 of the 20 patients tested, and viral cultures were positive in 11 of the 15 patients tested. Although upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurred in one patient, symptoms generally resolved within a few weeks whether or not acyclovir was administered.
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PMID:Herpes esophagitis in immunocompetent adults: report of two cases and review of the literature. 839 37

Herpes simplex type 2 (HSV2) disease developed sequentially among two parents and their newborn. The father first became ill with upper-respiratory symptoms and fever. Then, 5 days later, shortly after delivery, the mother had fever, pharyngitis, and diarrhea. Subsequently, the infant developed undifferentiated febrile illness at the age of 3 days. HSV etiology was recognized by incidental isolation of HSV2 from the newborn naospharynx. The father never developed genital lesions and the mother's symptoms remained nonspecific for several days prior to the onset of genital manifestations. The sequential emergence and manifestations of these infections could have been misconstrued for an intrafamily spread of respiratory or enteric viruses. This cluster illustrates that HSV2 may cause sequential symptomatic disease in susceptible individuals mimicking other viruses.
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PMID:Sequential peripartum herpes simplex virus type 2 disease in parents and their newborn mimicking intrafamily spread of common viruses. 1036 81

The present study examined the association of specific virus infections with acute respiratory tract conditions among hospitalized and outpatient children in a subtropical country. A total of 2,295 virus infections were detected in 6,986 patients between 1997 and 1999, including infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (1.7%), parainfluenza virus (2.0%), influenza B virus (2.6%), adenovirus (4.0%), herpes simplex virus type 1 (4. 4%), influenza A virus (5.5%), and enterovirus (12.7%). There were 61 mixed infections, and no consistent seasonal variation was found. One or more viruses were detected among 24.8% of hospitalized patients and 35.0% of outpatients. The frequencies and profiles of detection of various viruses among in- and outpatients were different. The occurrence of enterovirus infections exceeded that of other viral infections detected in 1998 and 1999 due to outbreaks of enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A10. RSV was the most prevalent virus detected among hospitalized children, whereas influenza virus was the most frequently isolated virus in the outpatient group. Most respiratory viral infections (39.3%) occurred in children between 1 and 3 years old. RSV (P < 0.025) and influenza A virus (P < 0.05) infections were dominant in the male inpatient group. In addition, most pneumonia and bronchiolitis (48.4%) was caused by RSV among hospitalized children less than 6 months old. Adenovirus was the most common agent associated with pharyngitis and tonsilitis (45.5%). These data expand our understanding of the etiology of acute respiratory tract viral infections among in- and outpatients in a subtropical country and may contribute to the prevention and control of viral respiratory tract infections.
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PMID:Respiratory viral infections among pediatric inpatients and outpatients in Taiwan from 1997 to 1999. 1113 58


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