Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031350 (pharyngitis)
 2,405 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report provides an overview of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae microbe and the syndromes associated with it that are currently of significance in obstetric and gynecologic patients. The prevalence of gonorrhea varies significantly between populations. Accurate incidence figures are difficult to obtain but about 1 million infections/year are reported in the US, 2/3 in patients aged 16-24. The disease is more common in urban areas and in the US the largest number of new cases occur in the summer. Age, sex, contraceptive method, multiple sex partners, and habitation patterns appear to be risk factors. In the male, urethritis is considered to represent uncomplicated disease. Male complications may include infection of the epididymus, urethral stricture, and disseminated disease. Approximately 80% of infected women appear to be asymptomatic. In the female, cervicitis and urethritis are considered uncomplicated disease, while complications may include disseminated gonococcal infections and pelvic inflammatory disease, which may have longterm sequelae. Arthritis, amniotic infection syndrome, and ophthalmia neonatorum are possible complications in pregnant patients. Penicillinase-producing N. gonorrhoeae were 1st described in 1976 in the US and the number of cases is increasing. Both sexes may have pharyngitis, proctitis, and the arthritis-dermatitis syndrome. The most reliable test for diagnosis is a positive culture; instructions for the culture are included. Serologic tests are under investigation but thus far no cost-effective technique has been developed. Antigen detection techniques, which permit diagnosis within 24 hours, appear to be on the verge of widespread utilization. N. gonorrhoeae is sensitive to a large number of antibiotics, including penicillin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. Therapy usually depends on the severity of the disease, the resistance patterns of organisms in specific geographic locales, the exposure and toxicity of the drugs, and the potential site of infection. Care should include treatment of sexual partners and follow-up test-of-cure evaluation in all patients.
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PMID:Gonorrhea. 640 78

The paper presents current knowledge about the clinical course, diagnostic and treatment of chlamydial infections in the neonatal period. In the neonatal period, infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis are in the majority of maternal origin. Chlamydia mother to child transmission occurs during vaginal birth. It can also occur but rarely, during caesarean section after premature rupture of membranes. Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the genitourinary system in pregnancy increases the danger of intrauterine growth restriction and foetal death. It rises the perinatal morbidity of foetuses and newborns and increases the risk of premature deliveries. Chlamydia trachomatis infection in newborns manifests as conjunctivitis and ophthalmia and less commonly as pharyngitis and otitis media. Erythromycin is applied in prophylaxis and treatment of Chlamydia infections.
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PMID:Chlamydia infections in the neonatal period. 1608 67