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Query: UMLS:C0031154 (peritonitis)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The hypoglycemia in septic shock due to peritonitis indicates deranged carbohydrate metabolism. To determine if this metabolic failure could be attributed to changes of glucoregulatory enzymes and glycolytic intermediates, activities and changes of these substances in septic shock have been studied in rats. Liver tissue was sampled 5 hours after induction of peritonitis by cecal incision in fasted male rats. Hepatic glycolytic intermediates were assayed by UV-spectrophotometry. Peritonitis caused 33% decrease in glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), a 2.5 fold increase in fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) and a 3.5 fold increase in lactate. Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) levels did not show a significant increase in peritonitis. We investigated activities of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), fructose-1,6-diphosphatase (FDPase), phosphofructokinase ( PFKase ) and pyruvate kinase ( PKase ) in mitochondria-free supernatants from rat liver homogenates. Tissue was sampled 5 hours after induction of peritonitis by cecal incision. Assays were conducted at optimal substrate levels at pH 7.4; NADH charges produced by coupled reactions were determined by UV-spectrophotometry. A significant increase of PFKase and PKase specific activity was observed. These changes were consistent with stimulated glycolysis. For gluconeogenesis to achieve maximum efficiency it would be necessary to inhibit PFKase and PKase completely.
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PMID:[Hepatic glycolytic intermediates and glucoregulatory enzymes in septic shock due to peritonitis: experimental study in rats]. 623 52

Oxygen and glucose consumption and lactate production of the peritoneal membrane and intra-abdominal adhesions were measured in rats after a single intra-peritoneal colloidal silica injection. Enzyme histochemical studies were made of lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, NADH2-diaphorase, NADPH2-diaphorase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, leucylaminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase in the peritoneal membrane. Anaerobic glycolysis comprises 47% of the total glucose consumption in the the normal peritoneum. Glucose consumption and lactate production of the peritoneal membrane increased sharply in the early phase of silica-induced peritonitis and stayed at a high level for a week indicating an enhanced anerobic metabolism. Oxygen and aerobic glucose consumption increased more slowly than anaerobic glucose consumption and reached their maxima 1 week after silica injection, indicating that the rate of aerobic metabolism is also higher in chemical peritonitis than in the controls. On the other hand, glucose consumption and lactate production increased in a parallel fashion in adhesions and in the peritoneum in the early phase of peritonitis. However, the maximum and later levels were less in adhesions than in the peritoneum. In the enzyme histochemical study high activities of enzymes indicating anaerobic energy metabolism and metabolism via the pentose phosphate shunt were seen in cells of the peritoneal membrane during the early phase of peritonitis. No activity was identified in enzymes indicating aerobic energy metabolism and increased catabolism before the end of the first week.
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PMID:Energy metabolism of the peritoneal membrane in silica-induced peritonitis. A biochemical and enzyme histochemical study. 625 64

Insulin-stimulated synthesis of plasma membraneous "signal" ATP (psATP) from ADP and P(i) in oxidation coupled with that of NADH was detected in a preparation of plasma membranes from human erythrocytes; psATP was formed at concentrations of 10(-8)-10(-9) M. Effect of medicinal plasmapheresis on ability of erythrocyte membranes to produce psATP was studied. The rate of psATP biosynthesis was estimated in healthy volunteers and in patients with various diseases: nonspecific aortic arteritis, bronchial asthma, peritonitis, myasthenia before and after plasmapheresis. Distinct values of basal content of ATP (without insulin) and insulin-stimulated biosynthesis of ATP were detected in volunteers. Elevation of ATP biosynthesis, in response to insulin effect, was equal to 8.029 +/- 0.163 nmol/mg of membrane protein per min. Estimation of the psATP biosynthesis rate in patients with various pathological states enabled to detect markedly that psATP content tends to increase after plasmapheresis. Absolute values of psATP content were distinctly lower in these patients than those in healthy volunteers, while after plasmapheresis these parameters approached the normal level. Estimation of the insulin-stimulated synthesis of psATP may serve as a valid criterion of plasmapheresis efficiency.
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PMID:[Synthesis of cell membrane "signal" ATP in human erythrocyte membranes stimulated by insulin as criteria of the efficacy of therapeutic plasmapheresis]. 851 77