Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031154 (peritonitis)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peritonitis in rats was produced by cecal ligation and puncture. Sixteen hours following cecal ligation and puncture, the gangrenous cecum was removed and the animals received either 4 ml saline (nontreated), 0.75 ATP-MgCl2 (100 mumoles ATP plus 50 mumoles MgCl2), and 2.0 ml of 50% glucose or 2.0 ml of 50% mannitol and 1.25 ml saline. Two hours after the removal of the cecum, RES function was evaluated by measuring the intravascular clearance of a 131 I triolein-labeled gelatinized test lipid emulsion. The intravascular half-time (t1/2) in the nontreated animals was double that of sham-operated animals, suggesting that significant depression in RES function occurred during sepsis. Administration of ATP-MgCl2 plus glucose following sepsis resulted in t1/2 values similar to those of sham-operated animals, indicating that the impairment of pagocytic activity of the RES was reversed with treatment. The beneficial effect of treatment following sepsis does not appear to be due to hypertonicity, since administration of 50% mannitol failed to decrease the t1/2. The precise mechanism of the beneficial effect of ATP-MgCl2 + glucose on restoration of RES function is not known.
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PMID:Impairment of reticuloendothelial system function with sepsis and its improvement with ATP-MgCl2 plus glucose administration. 26

Arterial hypoxemia, decrease in non-organic phosphorus, 2,3-DPG, ATP erythrocyte levels and associated deterioration of O2 tissue supply have been observed in 106 patients with peritonitis. Intravenous administration of propranolol, potassium dihydrophosphate and inosine prevented a decrease in erythrocyte phosphate level, improved oxygen and energy tissue supply and reduced the duration of the patient stay in hospital.
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PMID:[The pharmacological correction of disorders of the oxygen transport function of the blood in peritonitis patients]. 235 47

We investigated the relationship of systemic blood flow to skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation, lactate production, and energy production during rat peritonitis established by cecal ligation and perforation. The study included five sham rats, five septic rats, and five septic rats infused with 5% albumin. Thermodilution cardiac output and skeletal muscle tissue oxygen tension were sequentially measured over a 6 hr interval. At 6 hr the rectus femoris was biopsied. In sham rats, there was no change in cardiac output or tissue oxygen tension. Skeletal muscle lactate/pyruvate ratio was 10.4 +/- 0.6, ATP was 5.39 +/- 0.23 mumol/g and total tissue adenine nucleotides were 6.41 +/- 0.21 mumol/g. In septic rats, significant decreases in cardiac output and tissue oxygen tension were associated with a lactate/pyruvate ratio of 25.7 +/- 3.7, an ATP level of 4.38 +/- 0.08 mumol/g and tissue adenine nucleotides of 5.59 +/- 0.08 mumol/g (P less than 0.01 vs. sham). In albumin infused septic rats, cardiac output and tissue oxygen tension were maintained at control levels. Skeletal muscle lactate/pyruvate ratio was 14.8 +/- 1.0, ATP was 4.70 +/- 0.12 mumol/g and tissue adenine nucleotides were 5.80 +/- 0.12 mumol/g (P less than 0.05 vs. sham). Despite the maintenance of systemic blood flow and tissue oxygenation in albumin infused septic rats, the increase in lactate/pyruvate ratio and decrease in high energy phosphates suggest impaired oxidative metabolism and energy production early in the course of severe sepsis.
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PMID:Early impairment of oxidative metabolism and energy production in severe sepsis. 320 24

The parameters of ABC, blood gases, content of nonorganic phosphorus, 2,3 DPG and ATP in erythrocytes were studied in 161 patients with diffuse peritonitis during the early postoperative period. Considerable alterations of the oxygen transport function of blood in these patients were found. The use of Obzidan and monosubstituted potassium phosphate prevents a decrease of nonorganic phosphorus, 2,3 DPG and ATP in erythrocytes, improves the oxygen supply of the organism. The time of treatment is shorter.
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PMID:[Use of obsidan and potassium phosphate for correction of the oxygen transport function of the blood in peritonitis]. 345 48

Our previous studies have claimed that cirrhotic rats, induced with CCl4, showed depressed reticuloendothelial system (RES) function and increased susceptibility to infection. We have also shown that OK-432, a non-specific immunopotentiator, and ATP-MgCl2, which improves depressed intracellular energy metabolism, improve RES function of cirrhotic rats and that thereby improve survival following peritonitis or hepatectomy. The present study was undertaken to investigate whether OK-432 or ATP-MgCl2 could be beneficial for the prevention of multiple organ failure (MOF) following hepatectomy among the cirrhotics. The cirrhotics with hepatocellular carcinoma, who underwent partial hepatectomy (segmentectomy or subsegmentectomy) were given OK-432 (5 KE/day for 4 days) preoperatively or ATP-MgCl2 (50 mumole/kg) within 24 hours following the operation. The rates of postoperative pulmonary complication and the operative mortality were compared among OK-432 group, ATP-MgCl2 group and controls. The rates of posthepatectomy pulmonary complication and operative mortality were decreased with these treatments compared to the controls. The RES function was also improved with these treatments. These data suggest that the cirrhotic patients are the immunocompromised hosts showing the depressed RES function and that the enhancement of RES function with OK-432 or ATP-MgCl2 is beneficial for the prevention of posthepatectomy MOF among cirrhotics.
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PMID:[Pathophysiology and treatment of multiple organ failure among hepatectomized cirrhotic patients]. 408 45

Studies in rats with a clinically relevant form of peritonitis indicate that tissue adenine nucleotide levels do not decrease in the early stages of sepsis. In contrast, hepatocellular active transport appears to be depressed even in the very early stages of sepsis. In late sepsis, however, tissue adenine nucleotide levels decrease significantly because of inadequate perfusion associated with peritonitis. Reticuloendothelial function (RES) is also significantly depressed at the late stages of sepsis. Administration of saline, glucose, or ATP-MgCl2 alone following sepsis does not produce any beneficial effects on survival. However, administration of high concentrations of ATP-MgCl2 together with hypertonic glucose results in a significant improvement in the survival of animals. This treatment regimen restores cellular ATP levels and also restores the depressed RES function to normal within three hours. Thus, extirpation of the lesion producing the septic process, combined with metabolic support, proves helpful without antibiotic treatment.
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PMID:Cellular energetics and ATP-MgCl2 therapy in sepsis. 639 98

In patients with purulent inflammation foci of various location, reduction in the number of natural killers (NK) and in the activity of alpha-glycerophosphatedehydrogenase (alpha-GPDH) and adenosinetriphosphatase (ATP-ase) of lymphocytes was revealed. Maximum reduction in indices of NK, alpha-GPDH and ATP-ase was noted in patients with diffuse peritonitis, phlegmonous-gangrenous cholecystitis, destructive appendicitis. After treatment, the mentioned indices increased, but by the time of discharge of the patients from the hospital they were lower than the normal ones.
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PMID:[The prognostic significance of natural killers and dehydrogenases of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with a suppurative inflammation]. 780 6

The authors examined 48 patients with peritonitis (20 with the generalized and 28 with the localized form). The content of T-lymphocytes, theophylline-resistant and theophylline-sensitive T-lymphocytes, leukocyte chemotaxic activity, and the lymphocyte ATP content were studied. It was found that the state of the immune system in the early postoperative period allows the severity of the disease and its outcome to be prognosticated. A sharp decrease in the T-lymphocyte content and decrease of the amount of ATP in the lymphocytes in stable reduction of chemotaxic activity is an unfavorable prognostic sign. Introduction of indirect electrochemical oxidation with a sodium hypochlorite solution into the complex of intensive therapy produces, in addition to a marked detoxification effect, a stabilizing effect on metabolic processes in the lymphocytes and activates the cellular link of immunity. Combined immunocorrection with the agents tactivin and leukinferon possesses a high potential of an immunobiological effect and can be recommended for correction of severe secondary immunodeficiency in patients with generalized peritonitis.
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PMID:[Combined detoxification and immunocorrective therapy in patients with peritonitis]. 800 6

The study was performed on 26 critically ill patients with hemorrhagic pancreonecrosis and disseminated suppurative peritonitis. Central hemodynamic and oxygen transport parameters have been determined in all the patients. To assess the degree of tissue hypoxia end products of ATP catabolism (hypoxanthine, xanthine, and uric acid) have been studied. All the studies were performed at various stages of correction of volemic disturbances and oxygen transport function. It has been established that an increased blood plasma level of hypoxanthine and xanthine may serve as an additional criterion of tissue hypoxia in critically ill surgical patients. Changes in hypoxanthine, xanthine, and uric acid concentrations and oxygen transport parameters can be used to assess changes in the functioning of the microcirculatory bed.
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PMID:[The concentration of end products of purine metabolism as possible signs of tissue hypoxia in critically ill surgical patients]. 823 27

In order to clarify the role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in peritonitis during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). I investigated the active oxygen generation and intracellular ATP content of PMNs in dialysate fluids. PMNs, prepared from peripheral blood, were suspended in CAPD dialysates which had different pH and osmolality. PMNs were collected by centrifugation. These PMNs were stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and active oxygen generation of PMNs were measured by chemiluminescence method. Intracellular ATP content of PMNs was measured by luciferin-luciferase dependent chemiluminescence method. Active oxygen generation and intracellular ATP content of PMNs were kept within only a few minutes in CAPD dialysate with pH 5.1. But, they were kept over one hour in CAPD dialysate with pH 7.4. Active oxygen generation of PMNs were kept in 1.5% CAPD dialysate (356 mOsm/l) better than 4.25% CAPD dialysate (499 mOsm/l). These results suggest the advantage of neutralized CAPD dialysate in peritonitis during CAPD.
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PMID:[Effect of pH and osmolality in dialysate fluids on active oxygen generation by polymorphonuclear leukocytes]. 832 Apr 61


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