Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031154 (peritonitis)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Our results demonstrate that peritoneal absorption even of large amounts of fluid is not restricted in either acute or chronic peritonitis. According to investigations reported elsewhere, antibiotics administered intraperitonealy can be found quantitatively in the serum, if peritoneal absorption is not impaired. The retardation effect of proteinase inhibitor TRASYLOL on peritoneal absorption in peritonitis may indicate that proteolytic processes are necessary to break up the protein binding of antibiotics which only then are able to permeate the peritoneal wall. This may also pertain to other substances of pharmacologic activity, like toxins -lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides- and medicaments. With respect to the clinical relevance of this effect it should be regarded as beneficial. Alternatively, the role of kallikrein/kinin-system for transmembranous absorption of proteins and protein split products has to be considered.
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PMID:Effect of intraperitoneal aprotinin treatment in acute and chronic peritonitis. 31 71

In experimental fecal peritonitis in 140 albino rats the kallikrein-kinin system was shown to undergo the following changes: its inhibition during the first day was followed by an activation on the second day and inanition on the third day. Under conditions of hyperbaric oxygenation the normalizing effect on the kinin system was observed during two days. The application of salicylates against the background of HBO was shown to enhance the normalizing effect which lasted for three days.
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PMID:[The kallikrein-kinin system in acute peritonitis and methods of correcting its disorders]. 300

Experiments were carried out in 195 albino rats. It was established that in acute peritonitis the rate of absorption of the colloid dye (tryptan blue) was sharply decreased. Kallikrein somewhat increased the absorption rate, especially at early terms while the inhibitor (kontrikal) was shown to substantially decrease it. The mode of injection (intravenous or intraperitoneal) failed to influence manifestations of the biological effect of the drug. The data obtained show that a disturbed absorption from the abdominal cavity may be corrected in acute peritonitis by injections of kallikrein.
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PMID:[Effect of kallikrein and its inhibitor on absorption from the abdominal cavity in peritonitis]. 618 7

Some parameters of the kallikrein-kinin system and the antiproteinase potential were studied in patients with diffuse peritonitis during the routine treatment course, after additional intramuscular administration of mexidol (inhibitor of free radical oxidation with antiproteinase activity) as well as after treatment of the patients with physiological solution containing ozone (4-7 mg/l used as a donor of free radicals), which was applied for washing of abdominal cavity in one group of patients during surgical operation and for intravenous administration in the other group. The kallikreinkinin system parameters were distinctly altered in the patients with peritonitis and the rate of the system activation correlated with the disease severity. Content of the alpha 1-inhibitor of proteinases (alpha 1-PI) was increased by the middle period of the treatment course and decreased as the inflammation lowered. alpha 2-Macroglobulin (alpha 2-MG) was altered less distinctly as compared with alpha 1-PI. Patterns of the antiproteinase potential in blood plasma (alpha 1-PI and alpha 2-MG) may be used for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in post-surgical treatment of patients with diffuse peritonitis; a decrease in the potential value proved to be a symptom of danger. Both mexidole and ozone exhibited positive clinical effect in treatment of the disease. Although these drugs had an opposing effect on the proteinases activity, their similar action on the antiproteinase potential appears to be responsible for the medicinal efficiency. Clinical effect of the drugs may be arranged as follows: mexidole, ozone administered intravenously and ozone used for intraabdominal washing.
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PMID:[Status of the kallikrein-kinin systems and level of antiproteinase potential during postoperative treatment of various forms of peritonitis]. 753 66

We are concerned with the investigation of dynamics of the plasma kallikrein-kinin system, elastase-like activity and some serpins, alpha 1-protease inhibitor, alpha 2-macroglobulin and antithrombin III, in patients suffering from general peritonitis and chronic renal failure. The results indicate that activation of the kallikrein-kinin system, as well as elastase-like activity are elevated and while decreased inhibitory potential becomes more intensive with disease progression. However, sharply decreased levels of kallikrein, prekallikrein and serpins were seen in patients a few days before death. We suggest that exhaustion of these components during the end-stage of general peritonitis and chronic renal failure (in the cases with lethal outcome) may be produced by leukocyte elastase release. Evidence is presented for the destructive action of leukocyte elastase on components of the kallikrein-kinin system.
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PMID:Molecular and functional aspects of alterations in the kallikrein-kinin system activity in human blood plasma at different stages of peritonitis and chronic renal failure. 879 91

Proteolytic cleavage of single-chain, high molecular weight kininogen (HK) by kallikrein releases the short-lived vasodilator bradykinin and leaves behind a two-chain, high molecular weight kininogen (HKa) reported to bind to the beta2-integrin Mac-1 (CR3, CD11b/CD18, alphaMbeta2) on neutrophils and exert antiadhesive properties by binding to the urokinase receptor (uPAR) and vitronectin. We define the molecular mechanisms for the antiadhesive effects of HK related to disruption of beta2-integrin-mediated cellular interactions in vitro and in vivo. In a purified system, HK and HKa inhibited the binding of soluble fibrinogen and ICAM-1 to immobilized Mac-1, but not the binding of ICAM-1 to immobilized LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18, alphaLbeta2). This inhibitory effect could be attributed to HK domain 5 and to a lesser degree to HK domain 3, consistent with the requirement of both domains for binding to Mac-1. Accordingly, HK, HKa, and domain 5 inhibited the adhesion of Mac-1 but not LFA-1-transfected K562 human erythroleukemic cells to ICAM-1. Moreover, adhesion of human monocytic cells to fibrinogen and to human endothelial cells was blocked by HK, HKa, and domain 5. By using peptides derived from HK domain 5, the sequences including amino acids H475-G497 (and to a lesser extent, G440-H455) were identified as responsible for the antiadhesive effect, which was independent of uPAR. Finally, administration of domain 5 into mice, followed by induction of thioglycollate-provoked peritonitis, decreased the recruitment of neutrophils by approximately 70% in this model of acute inflammation. Taken together, HKa (and particularly domain 5) specifically interacts with Mac-1 but not with LFA-1, thereby blocking Mac-1-dependent leukocyte adhesion to fibrinogen and endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo and serving as a novel endogenous regulator of leukocyte recruitment into the inflamed tissue.
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PMID:Regulation of leukocyte recruitment by polypeptides derived from high molecular weight kininogen. 1168 62

The authors present results of their investigation of the state of kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) and lipid peroxidation (LP) in blood of 22 patients operated upon for acute diffuse peritonitis as a complication of different surgical diseases. In 8 patients who later died the respiratory distress-syndrome of adults (RDSA) developed at the early postoperative period. Activation of KKS and LP were observed in all the patients both in the venous and arterial blood, but it was more intensive in patients with RDSA. In the same group of patients the level of the metabolites under study was higher in the arterial than in the venous blood, which suggests a disturbances of the metabolic function of the lung. The results of the investigation allow a conclusion that antiprotease drugs should be included in the complex treatment of RDSA.
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PMID:[Changes in the kallikrein-kinin system and lipid peroxidation in patients with diffuse peritonitis, complicated by adult respiratory distress syndrome]. 1183 67