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Query: UMLS:C0031154 (peritonitis)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dietary habits in the civilised countries of the West with foods low in bulk and cellulose are blamed as causes of the increase in colon diverticulosis and the complicating diverticulitis in recent times. Of all sections of the colon, the sigmoid is most frequently involved, older patients above the 5th decade being principally affected. While uncomplicated diverticulosis of the colon usually remains symptomless, complicated diverticulitis often shows very uncharacteristic symptoms. For prophylaxis and the treatment of slight complaints, conservative treatment with administration of bulky foods (bran etc.) is indicated. Threatening hemorrhages and perforative peritonitis demand emergency operations. In closed abscess formation, internal or external fistulae and incipient scarring stenosis with imminent ileus, resection of the affected part of the intestine is indicated.
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PMID:[Colon diverticulosis and complicating diverticulitis (author's transl)]. 12 78

The incidence of complications in a consecutive series of 515 abdominal surgical operations was studied. Abdominal complications of varying degree of severity were observed in 62 cases (16%). They were of four types: haemorrhage, ileus, peritonitis and complications on the part of the biliary tract and pancreas. The use of radiological methods for detecting these complications is reviewed. Direct roentgenography is the method of choice in cases of suspected ileus, perforation or foreign body. Administration of contrast media should be reserved almost entirely to cases of stress ulcer and to distinguish between incomplete and complete ileus. If perforation of penetration is suspected only water-soluble contrast media should be used. Detection of a leaking anastomosis or an abscess is by injection of the fistula. The value of angiography for revealing a haemorrhage or embolism and for assessing the response to vasoactive agents is discussed.
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PMID:[X-ray examination for the detection of complications after abdominal surgery (author's transl)]. 31 49

Spontaneous internal biliary fistulas are complications of biliary disease and may themselves be the source of further complications. Instances of the latter observed in a series of 28 bilio-digestive and 18 bilio-biliary forms are described: angiocolitis, biliary peritonitis, cholangitic cirrhosis, diarrhoea and malabsorption syndrome, haemorrhage, biliary ileus and Bouveret syndrome. Stress is laid on the need for early diagnosis and early surgery. It is pointed out that there is no such thing as an innocuous biliary calculus.
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PMID:[Complication of spontaneous internal biliary fistulae (experiences in 46 cases)]. 33 27

Peculiarities of the clinical picture, diagnosis and surgical treatment of the small intestine tumors are considered in the paper, as well as immediate and late results of the treatment. The results of the treatment of 14 cases of the small intestine tumors are summed up (6 benign neoplasms and 8 malignant ones). The authors have come to the conclusion that in the most of cases tumors of the small intestine remain symptom-free for a long time; not infrequently they are complicated with intestinal ileus, perforation of the tumor and peritonitis. Resection of the portion of the intestine with tumors and of a segment of the mesentery with the removal of the enlarged regional lymph nodes provides an only radical method of the treatment. An original scheme of the small intestine tumors localization is set forth in the paper.
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PMID:[Tumors of the small intestine]. 37 61

Twenty-nine anastomotic leakages of the gastrointestinal tract were treated by long-term parenteral nutrition; 20 closed spontaneously, the lethality was 18.3%. Especially, well-drained fistulas of the distal small bowel and the colon show a tendency to closure and should be treated by long-term parenteral hyperalimentation (2500-4000 KCal/24 h), if no signs of ileus or diffuse peritonitis are apparent. The technique and chance for success of hyperalimentation are discussed.
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PMID:[Treatment of postoperative gastrointestinal fistulas by long-term parenteral feeding]. 40 57

The authors report six cases of meconium peritonitis with intra-abdominal calcifications; surgical intervention was successful in four. In five patients, fibrocystic desease of pancreas was eliminated. Presenting this report, it is their intention to underline the good prognosis of calcifications which generally eliminate the meconium ileus.
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PMID:[Meconial peritonitis. Recordings about six observations. Diagnostic and prognostic value of calcifications. Therapeutic given off (author's transl)]. 43 91

The authors generalize the experience with 172 repeated operations carried out for severe, dangerous to life complications. Among the latters the most common were peritonitis, bleeding, early adhesive intestinal ileus, eventration etc. The authors believe that a timely diagnosis is possible, almost without exception, in case of a dynamic observation over patients after the first operation.
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PMID:[Emergency relaparotomies]. 52 79

During the 14 yr from 1965 through 1978, 49 infants presented shortly after birth with intestinal obstruction due to impacted meconium. Three of these patients did not have fibrocystic disease. Eight patients were cured by a Gastrografin enema. There were 18 patients who had complications that included associated atresia, volvulus, and/or peritonitis. Various operations were done including resection with either primary anastomosis or enterostomy or varieties of the foregoing. Twenty-three babies had the simple uncomplicated form of meconium ileus. Eleven of these underwent resection and six patients died. Twelve patients were treated by laparotomy, ileotomy through a purse-string suture and prolonged irrigations using acetylcysteine. Of this group only one succumbed. This latter course of management is recommended for patients with simple uncomplicated meconium ileus as it involves no resection, no enterostomy, nor any primary anastomosis.
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PMID:Meconium ileus: laparotomy without resection, anastomosis, or enterostomy. 55 Nov 49

32 patients suffering from diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon underwent resection with end-to-end-anastomosis. In 24 cases the operation was performed electively as a one step procedure, the rest of the patients were operated on by two or three steps. One patient with ileus and peritonitis came to death. 28 from 31 surviving patients live without trouble. Resection of the inflammatory part of intestine is recommended instead of permanent colostomy.
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PMID:[Surgical treatment of divertikulitis of the sigmoid colon (author's transl)]. 55 21

Nine cases of colonic ileus, characterized by selective or disproportionate distention of the large intestine without organic obstruction, are detailed. Massive cecal dilatation often dominates the radiographic presentation and may portend perforation. While management is generally conservative, cecostomy may be necessary to prevent peritonitis.
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PMID:Colonic ileus. 61


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