Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031154 (peritonitis)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A seven year old boy with a history of cyclic neutropenia (CN) was admitted to the hospital after developing fever and chills following a bicycle accident. After admission, he had a rapidly deteriorating hospital course leading to shock and death. At autopsy, acute appendicitis with resultant peritonitis and sepsis was diagnosed. The peculiar clinical and microscopic aspects of this case will be presented and contrasted with the more usual signs and symptoms of this cyclic disease.
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PMID:Cyclic neutropenia: a case of asymptomatic appendicitis. 260 79

The results of operations on 6 newborn infants for destructive appendicitis are analysed. It is pointed out that the diagnosis of acute appendicitis is made with great difficulties because there are no typical signs of the disease and complications that develop rapidly: diffuse peritonitis or formation of an appendicular abscess. Examples of the management of patients with a complicated course of acute destructive appendicitis are given.
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PMID:[Acute destructive appendicitis in newborn infants]. 261 60

The results of operative interventions conducted for acute appendicitis in 81,656 patients are analysed. Postoperative mortality reduced from 0.2 to 0.08% in the last decade. Peritonitis and intraabdominal abscesses accounted for 60.9% of fatal outcomes, thrombosis of the pulmonary artery--for 7.8%, intestinal fistulas--for 2.6%, and hemorrhages--for 1.7%. Improved training of doctors of emergency ambulance service, district medical officers, pediatricians, and specialists in infectious diseases in the diagnosis of acute surgical diseases is a reliable reserve in reducing the frequency of diagnostic errors in patients with acute appendicitis.
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PMID:[Means of reducing mortality in acute appendicitis]. 270 5

Uncomplicated amebic colitis is readily treated and has a mortality rate of less than 0.5%. Complications necessitating surgical intervention develop in only 6% to 11% of patients with symptomatic disease. However, the mortality rate in these patients ranges from 40% to 100% and stems in part from delays in diagnosis and treatment. Patients with known amebic colitis who show signs of systemic toxicity or of localized or generalized peritonitis are at high risk for complications; surgical consultation should be obtained. Patients who are thought to have acute appendicitis, diverticulitis, or obstructive or perforative carcinoma but have a history of dysentery atypical of that in these conditions should also be evaluated for amebiasis. Such patients should be treated presumptively until the diagnosis of amebic colitis can be excluded.
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PMID:Amebic colitis. Preventing morbidity and mortality from fulminant disease. 286 1

The effectiveness of piperacillin was investigated in 30 children operated upon for peritonitis: 13 had acute appendicitis with puriform peritoneal reaction, or a recently perforated appendix; 5 had generalized peritonitis of appendicular origin, and 13 had intraperitoneal abscess. In the 12 children who underwent right iliac appendicectomy (with post-operative drainage in 3), piperacillin was administered alone during 5 days; clinical and bacteriological cure was obtained in all cases; the mean duration of stay in hospital was 7 days. The 5 cases of generalized peritonitis required drainage; piperacillin was given alone in 4 of them and combined with an aminoglycoside and metronidazole in one who was in poor general condition. Bacteriology showed a predominance of Escherichia coli alone or associated with other organisms. Clinical and bacteriological cure was obtained in 3 patients; the mean duration of stay in hospital was 12 days. Seven of the 13 cases of intraperitoneal abscess needed drainage. Piperacillin was administered alone for 7 days on average in 10 cases and combined with an aminoglycoside and metronidazole in 2 cases. Eight patients had a favourable course, 5 developed complications. In all 3 groups piperacillin was tell tolerated. A patch of urticaria was noted in 2 cases and a transient skin rash in 2 other cases. No neutropenia was observed in these children whose treatment never exceeded 10 days.
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PMID:[Effectiveness of piperacillin in the antibacterial treatment of intra-abdominal infections in children]. 294 82

Thirty five children died of acute appendicitis in England and Wales in 1980-4 compared with 204 in 1963-7. Thirteen of the 35 deaths in 1980-4 took place at home or on the day of admission to hospital before operation and a further 18 on the day of operation or the first day after it. Thirty one of the children had peritonitis. A third of the deaths were in children aged 0-4 years, and the hospital fatality rate in this age group was one death in 320 cases compared with one death in 4760 cases in children aged 5-14 years. The fall in the number of deaths between the 1960s and the 1980s was due to improvements in medical care, a reduction in the incidence of appendicitis, and changes in the age structure of the child population. Difficulty and delay in diagnosis and inadequate intravenous therapy are now the main factors contributing to death.
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PMID:Deaths in children with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis in England and Wales 1980-4. 158 30

An infected urachal cyst classically presents with a tender lower midline abdominal mass and systemic signs of infection, including fever, malaise, and leukocytosis. At times, the findings may be clinically confused with those of acute appendicitis, Meckel's diverticulitis, or peritonitis. Sonography aids in differentiating these entities by identifying the localized cystic mass containing debris, located anteriorly in the low mid-abdomen, extending from the region of the bladder to the umbilicus. We present an unusual case of an infected urachal cyst in a 6-year-old boy who presented with lower abdominal pain, fever, intermittent diarrhea, polyuria and dysuria, a firm, fixed left lower quadrant tender mass, and an elevated white blood cell count.
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PMID:An unusual presentation of an infected urachal cyst. Review of urachal anomalies. 327 61

Metronidazole was used for treatment of 212 patients with peritonitis of appendicular origin. It resulted in lowered leukocytosis, elimination of the stab neutrophil shift, earlier reduction of the leukocyte intoxication index. The amount of suppurations of postoperative wounds decreased from 17% to 4.3%. The amount of reoperations was 2.4% instead of 5.4%. Metronidazole is recommended for treatment of acute appendicitis complicated by peritonitis.
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PMID:[Metronidazole in the complex treatment of peritonitis of appendicular etiology in children]. 333 Jun 33

Results of treatment of 87 children with infiltrative subacute omentitis (ISO) which appeared after operation for acute appendicitis are described. ISO has its clinical and morphological picture, can be complicated by comissural obstruction of the intestine (27 patients) or abscess formation (10 patients). It was observed in acute appendicitis in 0.18% of the cases, after appendicular peritonitis--in 2.8%. The operation of choice in infiltrative omentitis is supposed to be a removal of the greater omentis, in abscessing omentitis--resection of the omentum. Two patients with ISO developed after appendicular peritonitis died.
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PMID:[Infiltrative subacute omentitis in children with acute appendicitis]. 338 84

According to the data of the surgical unit of the Central Clinical Hospital, Ministry of Social Security, MPR during 1977-1983 294 patients had complications (26%) out of 1112 patients with acute appendicitis and appendectomy who were treated in this unit. The common complications are localized, while general and uncommon peritonitis had a diffuse form. An average hospitalization of patients with acute appendicitis complications makes up 18.6 beds per day, patients without acute appendicitis complications--9.8 beds per day. Complicated forms of acute appendicitis are the basic cause of an increased duration of hospitalization of patients and longer duration of timely disablement.
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PMID:[Complications of acute appendicitis and the duration of temporary disability]. 338 6


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