Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0031154 (peritonitis)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the presented study was to find what importance ultrasonography has in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis compared to clinical findings and on the surgeon's decision regarding to laparotomy. 111 patients entering the emergency station with suspected appendicitis were evaluated in a prospective clinical study. Surgeon and radiologist had to commit themselves to the diagnosis, afterwards signs were discussed. Clinical accuracy over all was 89%. Pain migration and peritonitis signs corresponded significantly with appendicitis (p less than 0.0001). The appendix was well seen in sonographic examination in 32% (accuracy 80%), in 27% was doubtful (accuracy 70%), and in 41% the appendix could not be demonstrated. Diameter of a normal appendix was 8 mm compared to 12 mm for an inflamed appendix (p less than 0.05). Rates negative laparotomies decreased from 16% to 12.7%. The surgeon was not influenced by sonography in 75%. In 12% ultrasonography decided for laparotomy and in 4.5% sonography prevented operation. We conclude from our results, that sonography reduces the negative laparotomy rate. Ultrasonography is especially useful in doubtful clinical pictures. Clinical findings and experience remain of major importance in appendicitis-diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:[Diagnostic significance of clinical symptoms versus ultrasonography in appendicitis. A prospective study]. 194 51

A clinical study on cefuzonam (CZON), a new parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic, was performed in 22 patients with acute appendicitis. CZON in a dose of 1 g was administered by intravenous bolus injection or intravenous drip infusion for 60 minutes. In the appendices, concentrations of CZON were 0.066-21.7 micrograms/g in normal or slight catarrhal cases, 0.173-11.7 micrograms/g in moderate phlegmous cases and 0.116-12.1 micrograms/g in serious gangrenous perforated cases. The concentration of CZON in appendixes was not directly proportional to the degree of pathological change of inflammation. 6 patients with acute peritonitis due to perforated appendicitis were treated with CZON of 2 g/day for 5-10 days. The clinical effect was good in 5 cases, fair in 1 case of the above 6. The clinical efficacy rate was 83%. Side effects were not notable in the patients.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical studies on cefuzonam for acute peritonitis due to perforated appendicitis. Tissue concentration and clinical efficacy]. 196 Aug 60

From 1984 to 1989 78 patients over the age of 60 years were operated on acute appendicitis. Compared to appendicitis in younger people these older patients showed 3 times longer an interval between the first appearance of symptoms and their contact to the doctor, or surgical treatment. As result of this longer period appeared the high perforation rate 53.8%. In this group of patients with perforation the complication rate was 4 times higher than the intraoperative and histologically confirmed acute appendicitis. From these facts results a mortality rate of 4%. In the retrospective evaluation was also seen that there was no conclusion between the laboratory parameters, the physical symptoms and the degree of the inflammation of the evidence of perforation with local or diffused peritonitis. The inclusion of appendicitis in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in older people offers the chance of an earlier surgical treatment, so reducing the risk of postoperative complication and mortality.
 ...
PMID:[Appendicitis in the aged]. 204 17

Cefminox (CMNX), one of newly developed cephamycin antibiotics, was administered to 7 cases of diffuse peritonitis associated with infantile acute appendicitis to determine its concentrations in the blood, the appendiceal tissue and the purulent ascites and simultaneously to investigate its clinical efficacy. CMNX was intravenously injected at a dose of 20 mg/kg (at a maximum amount of 1.0 g/body) before operation and intravenously by bolus injection or by drip infusion twice daily after operation for 3 to 11 days in a total dose of 2.36 to 14.06 g. Fourteen strains of bacteria were isolated from the purulent ascites: Escherichia coli was isolated from 6 cases but superinfections in 5 cases. MICs of CMNX against these isolated organisms were at or lower than 3.13 micrograms/ml for 12 out of 14 strains. CMNX penetrated into the appendiceal tissue and the purulent ascites very well. The concentrations in the pus reached higher than those in the tissue in about 1 hour after administration and were found to reach as high as 9.63 micrograms/ml in 5 hours after administration. Its clinical efficacies were excellent in 4 cases, good in 2 cases and poor in 1 case. No subjective or objective adverse reactions were observed nor any abnormalities were found in laboratory examinations.
 ...
PMID:[Investigation on clinical efficacy and passage into ascites of cefminox in diffuse peritonitis associated with infantile acute appendicitis]. 208 10

For the period 1980-1988 a total of 5363 patients have been operated at the surgical clinics in the town of Pazardzhik. Early adhesive ileus developed in 13 (0.2 per cent). Intestinal obstruction occurred most frequently after destructive appendicitis (84,6 per cent). In 53.8 per cent of the patients it occurred during the first week after the operation. Conservative treatment was effective in only 2 patients. The other 11 were operated. The case fatality rate was 9.09 per cent. Acute appendicitis usually requires operative treatment both in children and in adults. It keeps on being one of the most important problems of modern surgery, agitating the surgeons all over the world. Appendicitis is called an insidious disease, not only because of the manifold clinical picture, but also because it has a leading position among the causes of the grave surgical complication peritonitis and occupies first place as cause of the severe pathology in the peritoneal cavity--the adhesive disease. Early intestinal obstruction is one of the severe complications following appendicectomy. According to available data in the literature, its incidence is between 0.06 and 0.8 per cent. Most authors consider intestinal obstruction as being early, when developing within three weeks after the operation.
 ...
PMID:[Early adhesive ileus after appendicectomy]. 210 7

In the period between 1984 and 1988 laparoscopy was conducted 846 times in children with suspected acute appendicitis. In 301 children the diagnosis was confirmed in atypical forms of appendicitis. In 418 children laparoscopy revealed diseases which are recognized with great difficulties (mesadenitis, primary peritonitis, genital diseases, etc.), in which the final diagnosis is usually established during laparotomy. In 39 children laparoscopic diagnosis was conducted during intercurrent diseases in which the abdominal pain syndrome simulated the clinical picture of acute appendicitis. As the result of laparoscopic examination the number of operations for simple forms reduced from 38.3 to 6.2% and the timely diagnosis of acute appendicitis improved.
 ...
PMID:[Laparoscopy in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children]. 214 68

There were 849 children with various forms of acute appendicitis under observation in 1988. Generalized and circumscribed peritonitis was found in 44.2% of cases. The new clinical approach-based introduction of a previously elaborated surgical tactics showed it to be rational. The changing conditions led to a wider use of diagnostic laparoscopy, rejection of the "lavage" system in the postoperative period, and introduction of the method of laparostomy which is simpler and more effective.
 ...
PMID:[Characteristics of surgical tactics in children with acute appendicitis]. 233

For the last 10 years, 97,542 patients were operated on for acute appendicitis, 132 (0.14%) died. Complications of purulent infection (peritonitis, intraabdominal abscesses) and its sequelae (acute commissural ileus, intestinal fistulas) conditioned by late hospitalization were the main cause of lethal outcomes.
 ...
PMID:[Causes of fatal outcome in acute appendicitis]. 239 24

The analysis of 130 cases of neglected peritonitis shows the seriousness of the disease, that increases considerably with the time elapsed from the onset of the disease till the admission into the hospital. The peritonitis may have different causes, the most frequent ones being acute appendicitis and perforating ulcer. The related affections, when present, amplify, modify or, on the contrary make the symptoms confused. When a neglected peritonitis is suspected, the surgery is required, followed by an intensive treatment afterwards.
 ...
PMID:[Neglected peritonitis]. 253 52

The author presents a case of perforating ulcer of Meckel's diverticulum, with secondary generalized peritonitis in a young patient, admitted and operated for acute appendicitis. The therapy used is described and several semeiologic characteristics of the evolution and treatment of the case presented are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Perforating ulcer of Meckel's diverticulum]. 253 56


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>