Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031154 (peritonitis)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The results of 97 autopsy cases of lymphogranulomatosis showed the causes of death to be either progression of the disease (78 cases), complications of treatment (12) or other diseases (7). The immediate causes of death in the progression of the disease were toxicity (29%), pulmonary insufficiency (22%), pulmonary-cardial insufficiency (12%), hepatic insufficiency (21%), peritonitis (3.4%), sepsis (5.8%), uremia (3.4%), posthemorrhagic anemia (1.7%), cerebral edema (1.7%). The immediate causes of death in complications of therapy were secondary infection (5 cases), posthemorrhagic anemia (3), pulmonary insufficiency (3), cerebral edema (1). In 7 observations death was not due to lymphogranulomatosis: in 2 cases it was caused by disseminated hematogenic tuberculosis, in 2 pneumonia (with cured lymphogranulomatosis, in 1 myocardial infarction, in 1 uremia (aterosclerotic nephrosclerosis) and 1 patient died accidentally.
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PMID:[Causes of death in lymphogranulomatosis]. 45 24

Toxicity of secalonic acid D was examined by using lethality, growth retardation, and histopathology as indexes. The ip LD50 values of 37, 31, and 27 mg/kg were obtained for Charles River CD-1, Texas (ICR), and Sprague-Dawley (CF-1) strains of mice, respectively. The ip LD50 was 52 mg/kg in female CD-1 mice. The iv LD50 was 25 mg/kg in CD-1 male mice. Oral LD50 values of 400 mg/kg in male CD-1 mice and 25 and greater than 400 mg/kg in Sprague-Dawley day-old and weanling (21 d) rats of both sexes, respectively, were obtained. Doses of 20 mg/kg or more ip retarded growth and doses of 30 mg/kg or more ip were lethal to CD-1 mice. Oral doses required to produce such effects in day-old rats were 5 and 20 mg/kg (or higher), respectively. All ip doses of secalonic acid D caused pulmonary atelectases and foccal peritonitis in male CD-1 mice. The latter involved surfaces of abdominal viscera and produced limited subcapsular necrosis of hepatic parenchyma. Exposure to a single lethal dose iv (25 mg/kg or more) of secalonic acid D caused limited hepatic portal necrosis but no peritonitis or other associated local effects observed in CD-1 male mice after ip exposure. Cytoplasmic liposis and loss of glycogen and RNA from hepatocytes were observed in a single mouse receiving 50 mg/kg iv. Death resulting from cardiac and/or pulmonary insufficiency was suggested by atelectasis, pulmonary hemorrhages and edema, and massive atrial dilation in mice that died after lethal ip or iv doses of secalonic acid D. Five daily sublethal ip doses in CD-1 male mice resulted in dose-dependent mortality (LD50, 11.5 mg/kg) indicating cumulative effects.
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PMID:Toxicity of Secalonic acid D. 52 43

To study the source and role of circulating phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalytic activity we monitored the serum from patients with necrotizing pancreatitis (n = 8), diffuse peritonitis (n = 6), and multiple injuries (n = 11). Immunoreactive PLA2 serum protein concentration was analysed using a fluoroimmunoassay based on an antibody against human pancreatic PLA2. Serum PLA2 catalytic activity was analysed using a radiochemical method based on a substrate with tritiated palmitic acid in beta position. In necrotizing pancreatitis immunoreactive PLA2 and PLA2 catalytic activity both increased. Obviously, in necrotizing pancreatitis the major part of serum catalytic activity stems from the pancreas. In patients with diffuse peritonitis and multiple injuries, as a rule, immunoreactive phospholipase A2 serum concentration appears to be within the normal range. In contrast, in these patients we demonstrated high serum catalytic PLA2 activity comparable to that in necrotizing pancreatitis. The source of catalytic PLA2 activity in peritonitis and multiple injuries seems not to be the pancreas. There was a correlation between pulmonary insufficiency and serum PLA2 catalytic activity in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis, peritonitis, and multiple injuries.
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PMID:Serum phospholipase A2 in intensive care patients with peritonitis, multiple injury, and necrotizing pancreatitis. 292 58

Restorative operations were performed on 55 patients aged from 15 to 76. In 35 patients the first operations were performed for carcinoma of the left half of the colon, in 20 patients -- for non-tumorous diseases. In 51 patients the first intervention was completed by the Hartman operation. In 4 patients a double anus was formed. Restorative operations were fulfilled within the period from 3 till 18 months. Complications in the postoperative period were noted in 21 patients. Five of them died: 4 patients -- from peritonitis and 1 -- from cardio-pulmonary insufficiency.
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PMID:[Restoration of the continuity of the large intestine]. 322 96

Pylorus-preserving resections of the stomach were fulfilled in 118 patients with type I ulcers. The detected drop of the acid production in the stomach with ulcers of such localization was considered to be an indication to the removal of not more than 1/2 of the stomach. A necessary condition of pyloropreserving resection is the leaving of the pylorus zone not more than 2-3 cm. Two patients died (one from peritonitis and one from pulmonary insufficiency), 5 patients had disturbed evacuatory function of the stomach related with anastomosis. Long-term results were followed-up in 113 patients. All the patients returned to their normal activity, the pain syndrome disappeared, the dumping syndrome was absent. Complete inhibition of free hydrochloric acid was noted. There were no recurrences.
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PMID:[Pylorus-sparing gastric resection in the surgical treatment of mediogastric ulcers]. 340 89

Ordinarily the IUD does not give rise to any unpleasant effects on the woman's organism. But the literature does contain references to peritonitis, sepsis, and even perforation of the uterus. The present case describes an IUD which passed through the uterine tube into the abdominal cavity. The patient, a 28-year old woman, had been fitted with an IUD and a month later came to the clinic with a serious case of nonspecific pneumonia. Soon after she died of cardio-pulmonary insufficiency. At autopsy, in the left uterine tube (in the ampulla) we discovered the IUD threads, while the IUD itself was hanging in the abdominal cavity. We could not find any macro- or micro-pathological changes in the uterus. The reasons might have been connected with the fact that the IUD was inserted 1 month after the woman had a stillbirth. The basic mechanism would be that the IUD was wedged into the isthmus of the uterine tube at the time of insertion and then compressed, thus facilitating its subsequent movement toward the abdominal cavity.
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PMID:[Rare complication of intrauterine contraception]. 728 93

Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in white populations, is characterized by dysfunctional chloride ion transport across epithelial surfaces. Although recurrent pulmonary infections and pulmonary insufficiency are the principal causes of morbidity and death, gastrointestinal symptoms commonly precede the pulmonary findings and may suggest the diagnosis in infants and young children. The protean gastrointestinal manifestations of CF result primarily from abnormally viscous luminal secretions within hollow viscera and the ducts of solid organs. Bowel obstruction may be present at birth due to meconium ileus or meconium plug syndrome. Complications of meconium ileus include volvulus, small bowel atresia, perforation, and meconium peritonitis with abdominal calcifications. Older children with CF may present with bowel obstruction due to distal intestinal obstruction syndrome or colonic stricture, and tenacious intestinal residue may serve as a lead point for intussusception or cause recurrent rectal prolapse. Radiologic studies often demonstrate thickened intestinal mucosal folds in older children and uncommonly show colonic pneumatosis, peptic esophageal stricture due to gastroesophageal reflux, and duodenal ulcer. Appendicitis due to inspissated secretions is uncommon. Obstruction of ducts and ductules produces exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, pancreatitis, cholestasis, cholelithiasis, and cirrhosis with portal hypertension. On imaging studies, the pancreas is commonly small and largely replaced by fat, sometimes displays calcifications, and is rarely replaced by macrocysts. Radiologic features of hepatobiliary disease include an enlarged radiolucent liver from steatosis, gallstones, a shrunken nodular liver, splenomegaly, and portosystemic collateral vessels. With the improved survival of CF patients, an increased risk for developing gastrointestinal carcinomas has been established, many occurring as early as the 3rd decade.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal manifestations of cystic fibrosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation. 883 77

Peritonitis is a severe illness with a high mortality rate and different treatment modalities. Over a time period of 12 years 510 patients with peritonitis treated with continuous peritoneal lavage (CPL) were retrospectively analyzed. 315 of 510 patients with a mean age of 57.4 and a mean APACHE-II-Score of 10.2 on admission had a diffuse four quadrant peritonitis. 195 had a local and diffuse peritonitis due to perforation of the appendix. 232 of 315 patients with diffuse peritonitis (73.7%) had a secondary peritonitis, mostly due to organ perforation. The most frequent comorbidities were congestive heart failure (36.8%), pulmonary diseases (26%), diabetes mellitus (18.7%), chronic renal failure (16.8%), chronic liver diseases (9.5%) and a history of alcohol abuse (12.4%). On admission 18.7% had pulmonary insufficiency, 18.4% renal failure, 14.3% congestive heart failure and 13.3% hepatic insufficiency. 14% had one organ-, 6.7% two organ-, 2.5% three organ- and 5% four organ failure. The mean duration of lavage was 5.1 days with a fluid amount of 8-24 l/day. 81.3% of all patients could be treated successfully. 46 patients were reoperated due to persistent peritonitis. The mortality rate of the primarily treated patients was 15.6% compared to 37.0% of patients who had to be reoperated. The mortality rate of all patients was 18.7%. The prognosis of the clinical outcome was significantly influenced by preexisting organ failure and by the duration of the peritonitis on admission. Our results on CPL for diffuse peritonitis are in accordance with results from other treatment modalities; a direct comparison was not possible due to the different patient groups.
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PMID:[Therapy of diffuse suppurative peritonitis with continuous peritoneal lavage]. 1260 16