Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031154 (peritonitis)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) is associated with the administration of beta-blocking agents as well as continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The predisposing factors in the latter group are recurrent peritonitis, presence of acetate in the dialysate, and antiseptics used during bag exchanges. We report a case of SEP following chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and review the literature on this benign yet potentially lethal condition. Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis frequently leads to intestinal obstruction, small-bowel necrosis, enterocutaneous fistulas, and malnutrition. There is a high incidence of anastomotic failure when a resection and primary intestinal anastomosis is performed in patients with SEP. Although SEP is not commonly reported in the surgical literature, its importance to surgeons is indicated by the fact that the overall mortality rate is close to 60% in patients with SEP who develop surgical complications.
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PMID:Surgical aspects of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis. 224 19

Idiopathic sclerosing peritonitis is a rare disease described in young adolescent women, characterized by fibrosis and adhesions of the peritoneum to loops of the small bowel. Here we describe a 35-year-old man who underwent exploratory laparotomy for repeated small bowel obstruction. Only partial resection of the terminal ileum was possible because of adhesions; recurrent abdominal infections and leakage from anastomosis required further resection, which ultimately resulted in short bowel syndrome and malabsorption. The clinical and pathological findings were characteristic for idiopathic sclerosing peritonitis. We review the relevant literature, to confirm, to the best of our knowledge, that this is the first report of a male patient who has developed this rare disease.
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PMID:Idiopathic sclerosing peritonitis in a man. 226 51

The diagnosis of malrotation is easily made in the neonatal period, but is often delayed in older patients. Among 82 patients treated for malrotation in this institution, 45 patients presented with symptoms related to their malrotation, seven were diagnosed at exploration for concomitant intrinsic duodenal obstruction, and 30 patients had malrotations discovered as incidental findings at laparotomy or autopsy. Among the 45 symptomatic patients, 25 (56%) underwent surgery in the first month of life, whereas 20 patients (44%) underwent surgery at an older age. In this last group, the mean age at surgery was 51.5 months (range, 2 months to 16 years), the mean age of onset of symptoms was 2 years (range, 0 to 15 years) and the mean delay in diagnosis was 1.7 years. Although bilious vomiting was the presenting symptom among all patients undergoing surgery in the neonatal period, clinical features of older patients included intestinal obstruction (7), chronic abdominal pain (4), malabsorption/diarrhea (3), peritonitis/septic shock (2), solid food intolerance (1), common bile duct obstruction (1), abdominal distention (1), and delayed transit postappendectomy (1). The frequency of midgut volvulus was equal among both groups. Unusual forms of malrotation were more frequent in patients undergoing surgery beyond the neonatal period. In this group there was evidence of chronic venous and lymphatic obstruction with one case of superior mesenteric vein thrombosis and two cases of intestinal gangrene. A Ladd's procedure was performed in all cases and the most frequent postoperative complication was adhesive intestinal obstruction. There were no deaths. Awareness of the unusual presentation in patients who present beyond the neonatal period may help reduce delays in diagnosis and surgical treatment. We believe that laparotomy is indicated in all patients with malrotation, even if they are asymptomatic.
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PMID:Malrotation presenting beyond the neonatal period. 227 27

A case of a premature infant with meconium peritonitis and intraperitoneal calcifications is described. The course of illness was mild and recovery complete. No evidence of congenital intestinal obstruction or cystic fibrosis was found.
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PMID:Meconium peritonitis: a benign course in a premature infant. 229 7

Non-occlusive infarction of the intestine without any associated medical disorder responsible for prolonged hypotension, is a rare clinical entity. A retrospective analysis of 46 cases revealed that the disease occurred predominantly in young, healthy, male patients. The classical presentation was of abdominal pain and persistent tachycardia out of proportion to the abdominal signs of distension, mild tenderness and reduced bowel sounds. The presenting features were of peritonitis due to perforation (63%) and intestinal obstruction (37%). A preoperative diagnosis was suspected only in six cases. Operative findings revealed that the bowel was infarcted without involvement of the mesenteric vessels, which were pulsatile up to the bowel wall. The characteristic findings of the disease, which mainly affected the jejunum (69.6%), were: (i) infarcted area of the bowel surrounded by skip lesions of purple, constriction bands; (ii) multiple small perforations in a paper-thin bowel: or (iii) a long linear perforation. Histologically, ischaemic changes were found to affect the mucosa and submucosa beyond the macroscopic limits. Mortality was high (19.6%).
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PMID:Non-occlusive ischaemic enteritis. 230 96

Serous peritonitis may be an underrecognized feature of adult Still's syndrome. An illustrative case with pathologic findings is presented. Serous peritonitis generally occurs during an acute multisystem flare of Still's syndrome. Peritoneal signs, abdominal distension, and radiographic air fluid levels in the small bowel may suggest incomplete bowel obstruction. Corticosteroids and supportive management are often effective although surgical lysis of adhesions may be required.
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PMID:Serous peritonitis in adult Still's syndrome. 231 81

The diagnosis of hepatic abscesses in outpatients is accurate in hardly half of the cases. The rest of them are commonly taken for: acute cholecystitis, cholecystopancreatitis, pancreatitis, peritonitis, phlebitis of the splenic veins, intestinal obstruction, chronic enterocolitis, pneumonia, pleurisy. Misdiagnosis is usually attributed to the absence of pathognomonic symptoms and atypical course of a hepatic abscess. With right chest and hypochondrium pains of unknown origin and elevation of body temperature, diagnostic efforts should be directed to recognition of a hepatic abscess.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of liver abscess]. 233 34

A study of 406 consecutive children operated upon for appendicitis from July 1982 to July 1987 was compared with a previously published study of 657 children with the same diagnosis operated upon between 1972 and 1982. This was done to determine if the methods of therapy continue to yield low complication rates and zero mortality rates. The routine use of antibiotic coverage for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in perforated appendicitis resulted in low complication rates, 3.2 per cent for major and 2.5 per cent for minor complications. Major complications included small intestinal obstruction and intra-abdominal abscess. Minor complications included wound infection and prolonged ileus. These rates are similar to those of the first investigation. The mortality rate continued to be zero. Complete peritoneal lavage was used in patients with generalized peritonitis or extensive localized peritonitis. Operative lysis of adhesions for small intestinal obstruction was required in four of these patients. This did not occur in patients with perforated appendicitis with abscess formation or more localized peritonitis who had no lavage. The technique rather than the disease process may be responsible for the complication.
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PMID:Appendicitis in children. 234 68

A 25-year-old man, who was admitted for evaluation of arthralgia and fever of 2-weeks duration, complained of a 10 kg weight loss during the previous weeks. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was diagnosed on the basis of leukopenia, LE cells, antinuclear antibodies, antibodies to double-stranded DNA, and arthritis, Malabsorption was diagnosed because of the finding of hypoalbuminemia, fat droplets in the feces, a pathological D-xylose test, and an appropriate X-ray image. Approximately half the patients with SLE develop minor expressions of gastrointestinal tract involvement, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Major manifestations, such as intestinal obstruction or perforation, ascites, peritonitis and pancreatitis have been reported with varying frequency. Despite the frequent association of SLE with gastrointestinal manifestations, malabsorption, as in this case, has rarely been reported.
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PMID:[Malabsorption in systemic lupus erythematosus]. 235 16

Functional intestinal mucosa, termed neomucosa, will grow in patched intestinal defects, but intestinal patching does not result in significantly increased intestinal surface area. Our aim was to determine if neomucosal growth would occur longitudinally in serosa-lined tunnels and to evaluate the optimal type of tunnel construction. Thirty rabbits had serosa-lined intestinal tunnels 1.5 cm in diameter and 5 cm in length interposed in the ileum. Group I (n = 5) had the tunnel formed from adjacent colon segments. Group II (n = 15) had a similar tunnel created with placement of an intraluminal latex stent. Group III (n = 5) had the tunnel formed by imbricating the cecum. Group IV (n = 5) had the tunnel formed by imbrication plus the intraluminal stent. Only Group II animals survived beyond 7 days (12 of 15 vs 0 of 5, P less than 0.05) and were sacrificed at 1 week (n = 3), 2 weeks (n = 3), 3 weeks (n = 2), 4 weeks (n = 2), and 6 weeks (n = 2). All other animals died from intestinal obstruction or peritonitis. Neomucosal growth occurred from proximal and distal margins. Forty percent of the tunnel was epithelialized at 6 weeks and the 5 cm tunnel contracted to 3 cm. In vitro glucose uptake was similar in neomucosa and normal mucosa but disaccharidase activity (sucrase and maltase) was significantly less in neomucosa at 6 weeks (28 +/- 35 vs 84 +/- 12 and 72 +/- 51 vs 471 +/- 84, P less than 0.05). Although not clinically obstructed, the survivors lost 15% body weight and proximal intestinal diameter increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Neomucosal growth in serosa lined intestinal tunnels. 235 86


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