Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031154 (peritonitis)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experience in the treatment of 317 patients with cancer of the colon is discussed. Surgery was conducted in 226 patients, 91 patients received combined treatment (operation and intravenous injection of radioactive colloidal gold). Postoperative mortality was 5.99%. The main cause of death was peritonitis (4.1%) due to incompetence of the anastomosis. Combined treatment of patients with stage III cancer of the colon improves somewhat the late-term results of management.
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PMID:[Treatment of patients with cancer of the colon]. 254 65

Thirty-six major abdominal operations were performed on 35 Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients (33 men, two women). Twenty-two elective operations were indicated for diagnosis of abdominal or retroperitoneal mass (6), incomplete bowel obstruction (5), intra-abdominal infection (4), biliary symptoms (3), thrombocytopenia (3), and toxic megacolon (1). Fourteen emergency operations were for perforated viscus or peritonitis (11), massive gastrointestinal bleeding (2), and cecal volvulus (1). In 5 of 22 (23%) elective operations AIDS was unknown to the treating physicians until diagnosed by the surgical pathology; in contrast, all 14 emergency operations were in patients who had a known diagnosis of AIDS. The operative findings were related to AIDS in 34 of 36 (94%) operations. Cytomegalovirus was the most common pathogen, isolated or identified microscopically in 11 patients (eight emergency and three elective operations). Mycobacterial infections presented as retroperitoneal adenopathy or splenic abscess in six patients. Non-Hodgkins lymphoma was the most common malignancy found, presenting as an abdominal mass (4), bowel obstruction (3), or with gastrointestinal bleeding (2). Kaposi's sarcoma was diagnosed at laparotomy in four patients. The 1-month operative mortality rate for elective operation was 9% (2 of 22) and 46% (6 of 13) in emergencies. Postoperative complications included 1 reoperation for sepsis caused by inadequately resected CMV colitis; 1 pancreatic fistula; 1 wound dehiscence, and 2 minor wound infections.
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PMID:Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Indications for abdominal surgery, pathology, and outcome. 255 44

Spontaneous rupture of pyometra is a rare cause of generalized peritonitis. Only a few cases have been recorded in the English medical literature, most of which were associated with gynaecological malignancy. We have recently treated a patient with generalized peritonitis due to ruptured pyometra, in which there was no evidence of malignancy or other cervical disease. From comparison with the other published case reports, several features deserve emphasis.
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PMID:Generalized peritonitis due to spontaneous rupture of pyometra. 256 12

Three cases, two peritoneal lymphomatosis and one tuberculous peritonitis, which showed diffuse abdominal uptake of 67Ga-citrate, were reported. 67Ga scan should be indicated for patients suspected of malignancy or inflammation with a lack of localized symptoms and signs in the abdomen. 67Ga-citrate scan also can give notable information on the evaluation of therapeutic response in those patients.
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PMID:[Diffuse abdominal uptake of 67Ga-citrate; report of three cases]. 259 98

We had demonstrated that the NK cell mediated cytotoxicity of murine spleen cells could be augmented by in vivo prime and subsequent in vitro challenge with the streptococcal preparation OK432, and the cell surface phenotype of induced killer cells was Thy 1+, asialo GM1+, suggesting the activated NK cells (OK-NK cell). The culture supernatants of spleen cells with OK432 possessed the activity of IL-2 and IFN-gamma, and the IL-2 played a major role to induce the OK-NK cells via the production of IFN-gamma. In this study, we examined the effect of adoptive transfer of OK-NK cells on tumor-bearing mice. The mice were implanted SP2 myeloma cells intraperitoneally (i.p.), or C26 colon adenocarcinoma cells subcutaneously (s.c.) to make the models of peritonitis carcinomatosa or solid tumor, and the OK-NK cells were transferred i.p. or i.t., adoptively. By the adoptive transfer of OK-NK cells, the 92% of mice bearing SP2-tumor had be cured. The tumor growth of C26-solid tumor was inhibited, and the survival rate of mice bearing C26-tumor was increased, significantly. The intratumoral remnants of 125I-labelled OK-NK cells were 61.27 and 8% after intratumoral transfer, respectively. By multiple transfer of OK-NK cells the anti-tumor effect was more augmented than that of a single transfer. Thus we recognized the anti-tumor effect of adoptive transfer of OK-NK cells on tumor-bearing mice, and suggested that OK-NK cells could be useful for the therapy of cancer patients.
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PMID:[Successful adoptive immunotherapy with OK432-inducible activated natural killer cells on tumor-bearing mice]. 261 90

Eighteen evaluable patients with previously untreated Stage III and IV ovarian carcinoma were treated with six cycles of intraperitoneal cisplatin with intravenous cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin. Significant chemotherapy-related toxicities were observed, including one patient with fatal neutropenia and sepsis, two patients with transient severe nephrotoxicity, one patient with severe autonomic and motor neuropathy, and one patient with generalized debility. One patient had Tenckhoff catheter-related peritonitis, but no other morbidity was associated with the peritoneal catheters. Three of eight patients with optimal tumor bulk and none of 10 patients with suboptimal tumor bulk achieved pathologic complete response. The overall estimated median survival is 22 months. This treatment approach is associated with formidable toxicity, and the contribution of intraperitoneal cisplatin to the treatment of newly diagnosed ovarian carcinoma patients must be evaluated in randomized trials.
Cancer Invest 1989
PMID:Intraperitoneal cisplatin with intravenous cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin for previously untreated stage III and IV ovarian carcinoma. 263 12

Seven patients with metastatic colorectal cancer have been treated with a regimen involving an 120-hour continuous infusion of rIL-2, 3 x 10(6) mu/m2. Entry restrictions included a Karnofsky index of greater than or equal to 80%, and a measurable lesion. One patient died of peritonitis secondary to bowel perforation at the site of the unresected tumour. One patient abandoned treatment following a pulmonary embolism during the first rIL-2 infusion. Other side effects included, pyrexia, rigors, nausea, hypotension, oliguria, weight gain, thrombocytopenia, neuropsychiatric symptoms and prerenal renal failure. Two patients have shown a greater than 50% regression in the size of their tumours and 3 have stable disease. The use of 'humanized' monoclonal antibodies together with mononuclear cells from patients receiving IL-2 infusions may provide a useful way of killing tumour cells which are resistant to lysis by LAK cells.
Cancer Treat Rev 1989 Jun
PMID:A phase-II trial of recombinant interleukin-2 and 5-FU chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. 267 Feb 12

"Two-route chemotherapy" (TRC) using cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (DDP) and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate (STS), combined with the angiotensin II (AT-II)-induced hypertension method was evaluated for its efficacy against peritoneally disseminated tumors in rats. A bolus i.p. injection of DDP (15 mg/kg) was given 1 min after the initiation of an AT-II (16.5 micrograms/kg) i.v. infusion lasting 11 min. Immediately after the termination of the AT-II infusion, 1,580 mg/kg STS was injected i.v. over a further 5 min. This modified TRC significantly improved the antitumor effect, evaluated by survival (increase in life span, 273%), compared with that achieved with other treatments, as follows: 15 mg/kg DDP i.p. and the concomitant i.v. infusion of 1,580 mg/kg STS (conventional TRC), 153% increase in life span; 5 mg/kg DDP i.p. with or without AT-II i.v. (167% and 107% increases in life span, respectively). As an index of nephrotoxicity, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels seen after modified TRC (21.1 mg/dl) were as low as those observed after conventional TRC (19.1 mg/dl), despite the postadministration of STS, and were much lower than those seen after DDP alone or DDP plus AT-II (35.6 and 35.7 mg/dl, respectively). Further evaluation of the effectiveness of modified TRC using various doses of DDP gave similar results. The feasibility of the administration of STS 10 min after DDP treatment was explained by the significant inhibition of DDP delivery to the kidney during the AT-II-induced hypertension. Thus, TRC combined with AT-II has a superior therapeutic effect against peritonitis carcinomatosa induced in rats.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1989
PMID:"Two-route chemotherapy" using cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate, combined with angiotensin II is effective against peritoneally disseminated cancer in rats. 273 7

The authors analyze their experience with 227 biliodigestive anastomoses to compare the early and late results. Choledocholithiasis (49%) and cancer of the pancreas (25%) were the most common processes. Choledochoduodenostomy (48%), cholecystojejunostomy (22%), sphincteroplasty (18%) and hepaticojejunostomy (9%) were the techniques most often used. In 61% of cases (90% of the malignant tumors) there was an emergency indication. Twenty-one percent of the patients presented serious complications in the postoperative period (14% of the benign tumors), half of which depended on the bypass. Postoperative peritonitis (2%), external biliary fistula (4%) and acute pancreatitis (2%) were the most significant surgical complications. Hepaticojejunostomy induced the largest number of bypass-dependent complications. There were 12 deaths due to medical causes (5%), these being most numerous in subjects with neoplasms and cholecystojejunostomy, and 8 of surgical origin (4%), half of them in carriers of a hepaticojejunostomy. There was a clear decline in the morbidity of patients operated on in recent years. In the long term, 91% of the patients remained free of discomfort or had minimal symptoms. Choledochoduodenostomy or sphincteroplasty produced the best results. It is concluded that biliodigestive anastomoses yield the best early and late results with minimal secondary effects.
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PMID:[Extrahepatic biliodigestive anastomoses. Analysis of 227 cases]. 274 May 72

Patients above 80 have been the most rapidly growing group in the surgical department. The number of major laparotomies in this segment of the population has grown by 15% in the last two decades and is expected to grow by another 100% by the end of the century. The principal aim of the study was to identify by multifactorial analysis the combination of factors predictive of mortality in abdominal emergencies in this age group. A computer-held data base established by the Authors in 1978 was used to register all relevant information in 1327 major laparotomies performed in patients above 70. Of the base of 1327 patients, 219 (16.5%) were above 80. Of this group, 154 cases (70.3%) underwent emergency procedures and are the focus of this study. The principal conclusions of the Authors are as follows: A. The main differences between the two age groups 70-79 (Group A) and above 80 (Group B) are as follows: 1. Emergency laparotomies are much more frequent in Group B (70% versus 33%). 2. The overall mortality is over two and a half times as high (21.4% versus 8%). 3. The diagnostic profile and the mix of cases is different with an increased number of intestinal obstructions and malignancies in Group B. B. Unifactorial analysis of postoperative mortality disclosed the following factors associated with increased mortality: 1. Vital System Category III (Table 6-A). 2. Presence of generalized peritonitis or gangrenous bowel. 3. Presence of widespread malignant disease. 4. Belonging to the following diagnostic groups: carcinoma of pancreas, mesenteric thrombosis. 5. Age 85 or above.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Multifactorial analysis of prognostic factors in emergency abdominal surgery in patients above 80 years. Analysis of 154 consecutive cases. 275 29


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