Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031154 (peritonitis)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gentamicin (GM), one of the amino-glucosides, was administered intramuscularly to 27 patients with Pseudomonas and/or other antibiotics resistant infections. The clinical evaluation of the results obtained was classified excellent in 1 case good 6, fair 8, none 11 and indeterminate 1, the effectiveness accounting for 57.7 percent. Satisfactory results were noted in wound infections, peritonitis and urinary tract infections. Among untoward side effects, an elevation in GOT and GPT values was observed in 6 cases, an elevation of BUN value in 1, proteinuria in 1 and hematuria in 1. However, it is difficult to conclude that those side effects were attributable to GM itself because blood transfusion or combined therapy with anti-cancer agents was conducted in these cases during the GM therapy.
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PMID:[A clinical study on gentamicin in the field of surgery]. 127 81

Ascites and plasma concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors p55 and p75 were measured in a prospective study in 34 patients (35 occasions of ascites) with hepatic (5 infected and 21 uninfected) and malignancy-related (9) ascites. All patients had high concentrations of both soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors in ascites and plasma; these were about 500 times higher than the corresponding tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations. Ascites levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors p55 and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors p75 were significantly elevated in patients with malignancy-related (p55: 26.0 +/- 8.6 ng/ml; p75: 20.5 +/- 17.4 ng/ml; mean +/- S.D.) and infected ascites (p55: 25.1 +/- 10.9 ng/ml, p75: 22.6 +/- 11.0 ng/ml) compared with patients with uncomplicated hepatic ascites (p55: 10.1 +/- 4.4 ng/ml; p75: 6.0 +/- 2.6 ng/ml). Patients with infected or malignancy-related ascites also showed higher soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor concentrations in plasma than did patients with plain hepatic ascites. Successful antibiotic treatment of peritonitis reduced soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 and p75 ascites levels in three patients from 24.2 +/- 15.2 ng/ml to 10.7 +/- 1.9 ng/ml and from 20.2 +/- 14.4 ng/ml to 7.5 +/- 1.8 ng/ml, respectively. Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors p55 and p75 at cutoff levels of 16.5 ng/ml and 9.5 ng/ml, respectively, differentiated between infected or malignant and plain hepatic ascites with diagnostic accuracies of 94% and 89%, respectively. They did not differentiate between infected and malignant ascites. The concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor p55 were usually higher in ascites than in plasma in all subgroups of patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:High concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors in ascites. 132 17

Intraperitoneal and pleural immunotherapy has been used as an effective therapy for malignancy. Recently we treated two patients with peritonitis and pleuritis due to cancer by intraperitoneal and pleural administration of IFN-gamma, OK-432 and antitumor agents. One patient with gastric cancer (stage IIIb) was treated with intraperitoneal administration of IFN-gamma and OK-432 in combination with intraarterial infusion of MMC, ADM, 5-FU and CDDP. Two months later, ascites and pleural fluid diminished. Another patient with ovarian carcinoma (stage IV), was administered IFN-gamma, OK-432 and CDDP into ascites with general medication of CDDP and Epi-ADM. Two months later, her ascites and tumor size decreased. This patient was treated with palaplatin every two months for the ten months and hysterosalpingecctomy and tumorectomy of Douglas pouch were performed at the sixteenth month. The histopathological examination of resection from this patient showed complete necrotic tissue of tumor. Endogenous cytokine therapy with intraperitoneal and pleural administration of IFN-gamma for priming and OK-432 for eliciting in combination with antitumor agents may be effective treatment for malignant peritonitis and pleuritis.
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PMID:[Immunochemotherapy of carcinomatous peritonitis and pleuritis--report of 2 cases]. 132 10

Neutropenic colitis is recognized as a rare complication of chemotherapy in haematological malignancies. By contrast, the complication is less well known in relationship to chemotherapy for solid malignancies. There are very few examples reported and this paper adds three further cases and reviews the literature. We emphasize that although some cases of neutropenic colitis may be managed medically, full thickness involvement of the bowel wall may lead to perforation and require surgery. The pathogenesis of this progression is discussed and it is concluded that clinical awareness is important in the diagnosis. The signs of peritonitis or septicaemia are indications for excisional surgery with the formation of a temporary ileostomy.
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PMID:Management of neutropenic colitis. 134 Dec 30

To determine the results of our experience with the use of staples for construction of anastomoses following colonic resection, a series of 223 anastomoses performed in 205 patients was reviewed. Indications for operation included malignancy, benign neoplasms, inflammatory bowel disease, and several miscellaneous entities. A functional end-to-end anastomosis using the standard GIA cartridge and the TA 55 instruments was performed. The operative mortality was 1.5% with none of the deaths related to the anastomosis. Intraoperative complications encountered included bleeding (21), leak (1), tissue fracture (1), instrument failure (4), and technical error (3). Early postoperative complications related or potentially related to the anastomosis included bleeding (5), pelvic abscess (1), fistula (1), peritonitis (2), ischemia of anastomosis (1). Late complications included five patients with small bowel obstruction, two of whom required operation. Anastomotic recurrences developed in 5.9% of patients. Our experience gained with stapling instruments has shown them to be a reliable method for performing anastomoses in the colon in a safe and expeditious manner.
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PMID:The stapled functional end-to-end anastomosis following colonic resection. 140 8

Three cases of Chilaiditi's syndrome are reported. Case 1: A 56-year-old woman was admitted with dysphagia. She had been suffering from progressive systemic sclerosis for 16 years. Three years before the admission, dysphagia developed and dilatation and hypomotility of the esophagus were observed. Chest and abdominal x-ray films on admission showed severe dilatation of the intestine, pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis, abdominal free air, and Chilaiditi's syndrome. Chilaiditi's syndrome and other signs disappeared after conservative treatment. She died four months later due to cor pulmonale. Case 2: An 87-year-old man was admitted with constipation and left lower abdominal pain. Physical examination showed ascites. Chest and abdominal x-ray examination showed Chilaiditi's syndrome. Cytological examination of ascites revealed adenocarcinoma cells. Diagnosis of peritonitis carcinomatosa due to cancer of pancreatic tail was made. Chilaiditi's syndrome disappeared after removal of ascites. Case 3: A 71-year-old bedridden man who had urinary incontinence developed meterorism. Repeated chest x-ray examinations constantly showed Chilaiditi's syndrome. He died of pneumonia two years later. The pathogenesis of Chilaiditi's syndrome was discussed and the literature was reviewed.
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PMID:[Three cases of Chilaiditi's syndrome--hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the colon]. 143 56

In 221 patients the test of cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity was done before the operation and 4 days after it, using 3 antigens: tuberculin, distreptase and phytohaemagglutinin. The patients were divided into three groups: I control (109) subjected to minor and moderately serious operations, and study group (II) with peritonitis (IIa 40 cases), digestive tract cancer (IIb 65 cases) and digestive tract diseases (IIc 7 cases). The study showed that in cases with preoperative anergy to antigens the operations were followed significantly more frequently by serious septic complications and mortality from these complications was much higher. No patients with preoperatively normal responses to the antigens died after the operations. The test makes possible preoperative detection of high surgical risk connected with infection, and early treatment reducing postoperative mortality.
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PMID:[Postoperative complications and mortality; results of skin tests in delayed hypersensitivity]. 144 39

Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacillus that is pathogenic in both the normal and compromised host. We describe Listeria peritonitis and cerebritis in a patient with cirrhosis due to non-A, non-B hepatitis, and review the 11 other cases of Listeria peritonitis reported in the English-language literature. Listeria is a rare cause of peritonitis in debilitated, older patients, with two-thirds of the cases occurring in patients with chronic liver disease. Listeria peritonitis may also occur in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, or in those with malignancy. Peritonitis due to Listeria is clinically similar to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and is associated with fever, variable abdominal pain, and neutrocytic ascites; bacteremia commonly accompanies Listeria peritonitis. This syndrome can be successfully treated with antimicrobial drugs, although the third-generation cephalosporins commonly used in the therapy of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis are not recommended. Ampicillin may be the drug of choice, with combination therapy with an aminoglycoside reserved for cases that do not respond to ampicillin alone.
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PMID:Listeria monocytogenes peritonitis: case report and literature review. 144 54

Seven patients with early cancer of the gastric remnant (group 1) and nine with gastric remnant cancer which developed after surgery for early gastric cancer (group 2), were studied clinicopathologically. The findings can be summarized as follows: In group 1, the majority of cases were classified as type I by gross type. Most lesions were in the posterior wall of the remnant stomach. All lesions were differentiated carcinomas. In group 2, of the nine early gastric tumors resected at the initial surgery, six were present at site A and three at site M. The gross type of the tumor was varied. Six patients underwent a Billroth II, and two a Billroth I, resection. The findings at the second operation (for gastric remnant cancer) showed that five lesions were located in the gastric stump or anastomosed region and four in the posterior or anterior wall of the remnant stomach. Histologically, the lesions included four undifferentiated and five differentiated carcinomas. Of the nine lesions involving the gastric remnant, only two were at an early stage, the remaining seven being at an advanced stage. The outcome was extremely poor in this group. Many of the patients died of carcinomatous peritonitis. In summary, a large percentage of the patients of group 1 had a type I lesion in the remnant stomach. In group 2, more than half of the lesions were located in the gastric stump or at the site of the anastomosis, and the majority of the lesions were at an advanced stage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Early cancer of the gastric remnant--with special emphasis on the importance of follow-up of gastrectomized patients. 145 18

Cornflour has been used as a lubricant on surgical gloves since 1947. Serious complications have been reported after deposition of cornflour powder in the human body. The best known complication is granulomatous peritonitis, but cornflour granulomas have also been found in the heart, the kidneys and the central nervous system. Maltesercross, when seen in polarized light in the microscope, is pathognomonic. Malignancy and other granulomatous inflammations are actual differential diagnoses. Nowadays gloves free of lubricating powder are commercially available.
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PMID:[Serious complications related to use of corn starch powder on surgical gloves]. 146 33


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