Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031117 (peripheral neuropathy)
 10,577 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Entrapment of the suprascapular nerve is a rare peripheral neuropathy, which can be easily overlooked in the differential diagnosis of shoulder pain and dysfunction. Entrapment of the suprascapular nerve can occur at different locations along the pathway of the nerve. The primary symptoms are pain, weakness, and atrophy of the supraspinate and infraspinate muscles. Differential diagnosis should include brachial plexopathy, disorders of the cervical spine, cervical discopathy, glenohumeral pathology, tendonitis, and rotator cuff tear. Accurate diagnosis facilitates appropriate and timely treatment.
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PMID:Entrapment of the suprascapular nerve: anatomy, etiology, diagnosis, treatment. 1751 77

Radiation myelopathy (RM) is a relatively rare disorder characterized by white matter lesions of the spinal cord resulting from irradiation. It is divided into two forms by the latent periods: transient RM and delayed RM. The delayed RM develops usually non-transverse myelopathy symptoms such as dissociated sensory disturbance, unilateral leg weakness, and gait disturbance with asymmetric steps. Spinal MRI shows initially cord swelling and long T1/T2 intramedullary lesion with enhancement, then exhibits cord atrophy. Histopathological findings of delayed RM are white matter necrosis, demyelination, venous wall thickening and hyalinization. Glial theory and vascular hypothesis have been proposed to explain its pathophysiology. Several therapies such as adrenocorticosteroid, anticoagulation and hyperbaric oxygen have been tried to this disease with variable benefits. Radiation plexopathy is classified into two major types by the location: radiation-induced brachial plexopathy (BP) and radiation-induced lumbosacral plexopathy (LSP). The BP initially emerges as arm and shoulder pain, whereas LSP as leg weakness. Myokymia and fasciculations are observed in both types. Electrophysiological study reveals findings of peripheral neuropathy. It is often difficult to distinguish the radiation plexopathy from cancer invasion to the plexus, but MRI is useful to differentiate between these diseases. Pathological findings are small vessel obstruction, thick fibrosis, axonal degeneration and demyelination. Its pathomechanism is presumed that radiation-induced fibrous tissue compresses the nerve root as well as microvascular obstruction of the nerve. Adrenocorticosteroid and anticoagulation are considered as the strategy for symptomatic relief.
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PMID:[Radiation myelopathy and plexopathy]. 1830 58

Neuroarthropathy of the foot and ankle is a relatively common complication of diabetes mellitus. Likewise, neuroarthropathy of the shoulder has been well reported in relation to syringomyelia. Diabetes mellitus, however, has rarely been reported to cause neuroarthropathy of any joint in the upper extremity and has never previously been reported in the shoulder. This article presents a case of a 77-year-old woman who presented with a secondary complaint of mild right shoulder pain, which had been present since she sustained a proximal humerus fracture four months earlier. The patient's past medical history was notably positive for diabetes mellitus with substantial peripheral neuropathy in the upper and lower extremities. Radiographic examination revealed significant degeneration of the humeral head, consistent with neuroarthropathy of the shoulder. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated no syrinx within the spinal cord. The patient's medical history included no etiologies of neuroarthropathy of the shoulder that had been previously reported in the literature. After a thorough literature review, we believe this to be the first case of diabetic shoulder neuroarthropathy to be documented. No significant differences in clinical or radiographic presentations appear to be present between reported etiologies of this pathology, including diabetes mellitus. Consequently, we recommend that diabetes mellitus always be considered as an etiology in the differential diagnosis of neuroarthropathy of the shoulder.
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PMID:Diabetic neuroarthropathy of the shoulder. 2070 97

Suprascapular neuropathy is a rare peripheral neuropathy that can be easily overlooked in the differential diagnosis of shoulder pain and dysfunction. The suprascapular nerve may be injured as a result of repetitive overuse, constriction due to anatomic variants, compression due to space occupying lesions, retraction due to a massive rotator cuff tear and iatrogenic or traumatic lesions. Trauma-related suprascapular neuropathies are often caused by glenohumeral joint dislocations, scapular fractures, proximal humeral fractures, penetrating injuries and displaced clavicle fractures. Although many causes of suprascapular neuropathy have been described, there have been few reports of suprascapular neuropathy caused by heterotophic ossification after trauma around shoulder. Heterotophic ossification is the formation of bone in non-skeletal tissue, usually between the muscle and joint capsule. It usually occurs following trauma, surgery, burns, fractures, dislocation or soft tissue trauma. The spectrum of heterotophic ossification ranges from incidental radiographic findings to severe functional limitations. The range of motion can be decreased, resulting in soft tissue contractures. It can also cause peripheral neuropathy by impinging adjacent nerves. Management of heterotopic ossification is aimed at limiting its progression and maximizing function of the affected joint. Nonsurgical treatment is appropriate for early heterotopic ossification; however, surgical excision should be considered in cases of joint ankylosis or significant complications. We report a very unusual case of suprascapular neuropathy that resulted from heterotophic ossification after clavicle shaft fracture. This case was treated by open excision of the heterotophic ossification and external neurolysis of the suprascapular nerve. Although the incidence is very low, the heterotophic ossification should be considered as a possible cause of suprascapular neuropathy.
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PMID:Suprascapular neuropathy caused by heterotopic ossification after clavicle shaft fracture: a case report. 2666 50

Objective: Parsonage-Turner syndrome is a peripheral neuropathy characterized by acute onset shoulder pain, myalgia, and sensory disturbances. The present report discusses a rare case of Parsonage-Turner syndrome and highlights the importance of accurate history recording and thorough physical examination for the diagnosis of the disease in rural areas. Patient: A 28-year-old woman presented to our clinic with acute bilateral shoulder pain and difficulty moving her right arm. A diagnosis of Parsonage-Turner syndrome was suspected based on the progression of symptoms, severity of pain, and lack of musculoskeletal inflammation. The diagnosis was confirmed by neurological specialists, and the patient was treated with methylprednisolone, after which her symptoms gradually improved. Discussion: The differential diagnosis of shoulder pain is complicated due to the wide variety of conditions sharing similar symptoms. Accurate history recording and thorough physical examination are required to differentiate among conditions involving the central nerves, peripheral nerves, and nerve plexuses. Conclusion: Although the symptoms of Parsonage-Turner syndrome vary based on disease progression and the location of impairment, proper diagnosis of acute shoulder pain without central neurological symptoms can be achieved in rural areas via thorough examination.
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PMID:Parsonage-Turner syndrome in a patient with bilateral shoulder pain: A case report. 2925 32