Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0031117 (peripheral neuropathy)
 10,577 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The value of evoked potentials in studying conduction in the somatosensory pathway was assessed in patients with various neurological disorders. In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) abnormalities of the cervical response (N14) were found particularly in longstanding cases but also in the early stages of the disease, even in patients without sensory symptoms or signs, and were reversible in some patients. The cortical response was also abnormal in some cases but the two were not always affected together. In Friedreich's ataxia both the cervical and cortical responses were usually abnormal. Subclinical abnormalities of the cervical responses were found in some patients with hereditary spastic paraparesis or mixed forms of spinocerebellar ataxia. The cervical responses were also abnormal in patients with peripheral neuropathy and cervical radiculopathy, and in some patients with brain-stem or thalamic lesions. Cervical and cortical responses were normal in the lateral medullary syndrome, whereas the cortical response was markedly abnormal in patients with high brain-stem or cerebral hemisphere vascular lesions. Cortical and subcortical responses were abnormal in some patients with stereotactic thalamic lesions. Enhanced cortical responses were found in patients with lesions at different levels in the CNS. The most marked enhancement was observed in patients with familial myoclonic epilepsy. Lesser degrees were found in some patients with MS, progressive supranuclear palsy, thalamic lesions, brain-stem encephalitis and syringomyelia. Enhanced responses were usually found in patients with minimal or no clinical sensory involvement. It is postulated that this type of abnormality results from an interference to the inhibitory mechanisms which normally operate at various levels in the somatosensory pathway. It is concluded that evoked potential studies are a valuable adjunct to the clinical evaluation of sensation, and that they may provide useful information on the pathophysiology of conduction in the somatosensory pathway.
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PMID:The contribution of evoked potentials in the functional assessment of the somatosensory pathway. 22 50

Diabetic myelopathy occurred in 41% of 75 consecutive, unselected diabetic patients in an autopsy study; clinical peripheral neuropathy occurred in 13%, and histologic radiculopathy in 21%. Infection represented 2.7% of the cord lesions. Posterior column demyelination, seen in 27%, apparently has the same metabolic-toxic origin as diabetic neuropathy and radiculopathy; it is an independent lesion, not a secondary manifestation of peripheral demyelination. It occurs slightly more frequently in those with juvenile-onset diabetes. Spinal cord infarcts, seen in 19%, are related to anteriolar sclerosis of the intrinsic vessels of the spinal cord. They have a higher incidence in diabetics than in a nondiabetic aging population, show a predilection for the white matter, and are usually small. The myelopathy is not related to patient age or duration of diabetes. It is often clinically occult.
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PMID:Diabetic myelopathy. 58 Nov 51

Two cases are reported in which patients presented with complaints of foot pain, and a clinical suspicion of radiculopathy was supported by current perception threshold testing. Chiropractic manipulation of the lumbar spine resulted in alleviation of the lower extremity symptoms. Current perception threshold testing is a valuable neurologic testing modality that is noninvasive, nonaversive, and highly reliable for evaluation of sensory nerves where neuropathy is suspected. This technology has been described for evaluation of diabetic neuropathy, uremic screening, and alcohol and chemical toxicity. Additionally, current perception threshold is useful for evaluation of other neuropathies, such as carpal tunnel syndrome and other entrapment neuropathies. The authors encourage further investigation of this modality in the diagnosis and evaluation of peripheral neuropathy and unexplained foot pain secondary to spinal nerve impingement.
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PMID:Current perception threshold in evaluating foot pain. Two case presentations. 164 17

Three specific patterns of neurologic deficit were seen in a group of 52 patients with the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Central nervous system dysfunction was seen in 7 patients (15%), 4 of whom had a distinctive encephalopathy characterized by behavioral disturbances and upper motor neuron signs. Peripheral neuropathy was found in 27 patients (52%), with a sensory polyneuropathy the commonest form (in 23 patients), although mononeuritis multiplex and radiculopathy were also seen. Central nervous system abnormalities from embolic disorders were seen in 6 patients (12%). Thus, a total of 65% of these patients had some neurologic dysfunction. Although the spectrum of neurologic disease is broad and includes very different manifestations, we conclude that distinct patterns of neurologic involvement are characteristic of this syndrome.
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PMID:Neurologic dysfunction in the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. 298 93

This study documents five patients with neurological disease associated with evidence of recent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Four patients had encephalitis associated with coma. Two of these had hemiparesis (one with dysphasia), one had seizures, and one had cerebellar and brainstem involvement. Two also had evidence of a radiculopathy and peripheral neuropathy. One patient had aseptic meningitis with later transverse myelitis. Three patients had multiple sites of neurological involvement. Respiratory infections preceded the neurological syndromes in four cases. Antibiotic therapy did not appear to alter the course of the disease. All patients had a favourable outcome.
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PMID:Neurological complications of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. 643 46

Conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation was applied to 114 patients diagnosed as having peripheral neuropathy (N = 18), peripheral nerve injury (N = 21), radiculopathy (N = 36) and musculoskeletal disorders (N = 39) to determine optimal electrode placements and stimulation parameters for pain relief. Treatment outcomes were assessed primarily through evaluation of the present pain intensity (PPI) rating scale, Immediate improvements in PPI scores occurred in patients in all these diagnostic categories. One month follow-up data on 25 subjects showed that improvement was of limited duration. No clear correlation between stimulation parameters or electrode placements and pain relief was ascertained. In certain instances (subjects with radiculopathy or peripheral nerve injury) a positive relationship existed between higher intensity stimulation and amelioration of pain. Greater pain relief was reported among patients with minimal previous medical or surgical treatment in every diagnostic group.
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PMID:Examination of electrode placements and stimulating parameters in treating chronic pain with conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). 697 58

Fifteen diabetic subjects wih thoracic radiculopathy were studied wih paraspinal electromyography. The majority were elderly, mature onset diabetics presenting with unilateral hyperesthesia in a thoracic radicular pattern. None was under adequate control at onset, but control did not seem to alter the symptoms. Electromyography demonstrated localized paraspinal positive waves at the appropriate clinical level. Although not all subjects presented wih peripheral neuropathy, the majority showed electromyographic alteration. This should be an important adjunct in evaluation of diabetic patients with truncal mononeuropathy.
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PMID:Diabetic truncal mononeuropathy: electromyographic evaluation. 722 9

Orthodromic sensory nerve conduction was studied in the distal segment of the superficial radial nerve in 50 cases of carpal tunnel syndrome in 41 patients. In patients aged 50 years or less, the mean conduction velocity was 48.6 m/s (SD +/- 4.8), and the mean amplitude of the sensory action potential was 9.7 microV (SD +/- 4.0). For patients aged over 50 years, the corresponding values were 46.4 m/s (SD +/- 5.5) and 7.5 microV (SD + 3.5). It is important to demonstrate normal radial nerve conduction in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome in order to exclude peripheral neuropathy or cervical radiculopathy. Spread of activity from the radial nerve may be mistaken for a median nerve potential.
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PMID:Radial nerve conduction in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. 734 58

The vast majority of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have symptoms or signs involving the feet and lower extremities. Patients presenting to podiatrists with foot complaints may, in fact, have neurologic complications of HIV originating in any level of the neuraxis, and multiple levels may be involved. These include multiple classes of peripheral neuropathy and myopathy, inflammatory radiculopathy, myelopathy, and central nervous system lesions caused by direct HIV infection or opportunistic infections. Common complaints such as pain, numbness, burning, tingling, weakness, cramps, unsteady gait, and others should be systematically evaluated with both podiatric and neurologic etiologies in mind for early diagnosis and intervention.
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PMID:Neurologic conditions affecting the lower extremities in HIV infection. 764 14

The incidence of neurologic complications in multiple myeloma has been reported as high as 10 to 40% of the patients and neurologic symptoms are sometimes recognized as first manifestation of the disease. Neurologic lesions in multiple myeloma are classified as follows. 1. cerebral disorders (due to intracranial lesion, or renal insufficiency, hypercalcemia, anemia without intracranial lesion), 2. cranial nerve and intracranial involvement, 3. spinal cord or cauda equina compression, 4. radiculopathy (involvement of a nerve root). 5. peripheral neuropathy, Incidence, symptoms, and management of each disorder are reviewed with presenting case reports of the patients with multiple myeloma cases who showed neurologic disorders in our institution.
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PMID:[Major symptoms of multiple myeloma and their management--neurologic disorders]. 769 5


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