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Query: UMLS:C0031099 (periodontitis)
 12,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Analysis of the subgingival microflora has recently implicated Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) actinomycetemcomitans and several black Bacteroides species in the aetiology of juvenile, adult and rapidly progressing periodontitis. Rapid bacteriological diagnosis has been hampered by the slow growth and fastidious nature of these bacteria. To construct diagnostic probes, dideoxy sequencing of the 16S rRNA molecules from A. (H.) actinomycetemcomitans, Haemophilus aphrophilus, Bacteroides gingivalis, Bacteroides intermedius subgroup II, Bacteroides asaccharolyticus and several closely related species was performed. Next, oligodeoxynucleotides, complementary to defined regions of the 16S rRNA exhibiting considerable evolutionary divergence, were synthesized for use as molecular probes. In a dot-blot hybridization assay, all strains from each of the species for which probes were constructed were correctly identified, with a detection limit of less than 5 x 10(3) organisms. No cross-hybridization to closely related species (except for H. aphrophilus and Haemophilus paraphrophilus) or contaminating bacteria was observed. Using a modified DNA/RNA hybridization technique, the detection could be performed in less than 12 h, as compared to 2-3 weeks using conventional bacteriological procedures.
J Gen Microbiol 1988 Jul
PMID:Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide probes for the rapid detection of bacteria associated with human periodontitis. 246 76

The trypsin-like enzyme activity of Porphyromonas gingivalis is an important virulence determinant of this organism in destructive periodontitis. An active-site-directed inhibitor, tyrosyl-alanyl-lysyl-arginine chloromethyl ketone (YAKR-CK) was radio-iodinated and used with SDS-PAGE and autoradiography to determine the number and molecular masses of enzymes with trypsin-like specificity produced by P. gingivalis W83. Two forms (I + II) were detected in both crude culture supernatant and whole cell sonicates. Protease I was a sharp band (47 kDa) on reducing SDS-PAGE; Protease II electrophoresed as a diffuse band in the range 70-90 kDa. The specificity with which the inhibitor bound to Protease I was established in competition experiments using other active-site-directed agents. YAKR-CK inhibited P. gingivalis whole cell haemagglutination, supporting the possible role of trypsin-like proteases of this organism in adhesion mechanisms.
J Gen Microbiol 1993 May
PMID:Characterization of the trypsin-like enzymes of Porphyromonas gingivalis W83 using a radiolabelled active-site-directed inhibitor. 839 70

This article surveys early and current research on the relationship between smoking and various aspects of dental health. Results of early studies on the prevalence of periodontal diseases in smokers, which were often contradictory, are discussed briefly, and more recent research on the effects of tobacco on the periodontium is presented. This includes research examining the relationship--between smoking and the various indicators of periodontitis, such as bone and tooth loss. Studies examining the effect of smoking on the outcome of periodontal therapy, and ways in which tobacco may be harmful are also reviewed, as are the effects of smokeless tobacco on the periodontium. It is suggested that a separate category for smoking-associated periodontitis be created.
Gen Dent
PMID:The role of tobacco use in periodontal diseases: a literature review. 951 12

Dens invaginatus is a developmental malformation of teeth that frequently provides a route for bacterial infection of the dental pulp. It is most commonly seen in the maxillary lateral incisor. This case report describes a Type III dens invaginatus of the mandibular first premolar, with associated acute apical periodontitis. The invagination was treated by endodontic instrumentation and obturation, followed by coronal restoration using a glass ionomer base, and an occlusal composite resin. The pulp of the tooth tested vital upon presentation, and remained vital throughout treatment. Practitioners are reminded to carefully evaluate teeth with dens invaginatus for the possibility of maintaining pulp vitality.
Gen Dent
PMID:Dens invaginatus type III in a mandibular premolar. 966 89

A patient presented with early to moderate periodontitis localized around tooth No. 30. This tooth had a cast restoration with an open proximal contact for the previous seven years. Radiographs spanning this time period showed progressive bone loss. Surgical periodontal therapy was performed after correction of the open proximal contact with a provisional restoration. A new porcelain-fused-to-metal crown was placed three months after surgical therapy. The patients has been on a regular six-month recall schedule for three years and has maintained a healthy periodontium. Prior food impaction has been eliminated and the patient is without complaints.
Gen Dent
PMID:Open proximal contact associated with a cast restoration--progressive bone loss: a case report. 969 45

The development of more predictable therapeutic modalities for the management of periodontitis has been preceded to a great extent by a better understanding of the underlying disease process. As the role of the immune mechanism has become more defined in the cascade of events associated with the progressing lesions, specific diagnostic tests are being developed to monitor the biochemical changes in the host. These tests, in addition to microbiological monitoring, together will help define therapeutic approaches, maintenance strategies, and endpoints in therapy.
Gen Dent
PMID:Oral diagnosis you can't afford to miss. 1068 45

The relationships between periodontitis and systemic disease and conditions, environmental factors, and behavioral influences are evolving rapidly. Success in preventing and treating periodontal diseases may well rest to a large extent on our understanding of the relevant influences which may exacerbate and perpetuate the disease process. As researchers work to clarify these relationships, we as practitioners must continue to alter our treatment in the best interests of the patient's overall health. The impact of recent findings on the development and progression of periodontitis relevant to diabetes mellitus, HIV, genetic susceptibility, smoking, stress, and osteoporosis is reviewed.
Gen Dent
PMID:Periodontitis--the risks for its development. 1119 18

The term periodontal disease refers to all diseases that involve the supportive structures of the periodontium. Peridontal diseases commonly begin as a gingivitis and progress to periodontitis. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) is the most fulminate form of gingivitis. The two main forms of periodontitis are chronic periodontitis (also known as adult periodontitis) and aggressive periodontitis (also known as early onset periodontitis, destructive periodontitis, and juvenile periodontitis). Gingivitis treatment involves removing dental plaques and maintaining good oral hygiene. Periodontitis therapy should include root debriding, draining the infected root, and surgically resecting inflamed periodontal tissues. Systemic antimicrobials often are indicated in NUG, chronic periodontitis, and aggressive periodontitis. When possible, antimicrobial selection should be based upon culture and susceptibility testing of the subgingival flora.
Gen Dent
PMID:Microbiology and management of periodontal infections. 1505 62

This study reviews the literature concerning the success or failure of dental implants and provides the general dentist with information to decide whether to recommend dental implant therapy to a patient. The authors conducted an extensive literature search for articles relating to dental implant failure. Metaanalyses and multi-center studies were predominant in the selection. Predictors of dental implant success or failure were gleaned from various articles and presented in the form of text and tables. The main predictors for implant success are the quantity and quality of bone, the patient's age, the dentist's experience, location of implant placement, length of the implant, axial loading, and oral hygiene maintenance. Primary predictors of implant failure are poor bone quality, chronic periodontitis, systemic diseases, smoking, unresolved caries or infection, advanced age, implant location, short implants, acentric loading, an inadequate number of implants, parafunctional habits and absence/loss of implant integration with hard and soft tissues. Inappropriate prosthesis design also may contribute to implant failure.
Gen Dent
PMID:Success or failure of dental implants? A literature review with treatment considerations. 1636 52

An extreme example of pathologic tooth migration associated with bruxism and severe periodontitis is presented. The prognosis of the tooth was deemed hopeless; it subsequently was extracted. Various etiological factors of abnormal tooth displacement are discussed.
Gen Dent
PMID:Bizarre pathologic tooth migration. 1668 70


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